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- EMDB-10694: Structure of human cGAS (K394E) bound to the nucleosome -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-10694
TitleStructure of human cGAS (K394E) bound to the nucleosome
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Cryo-EM structure of cGAS-NCP complex
    • Complex: Protein
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H3.2
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H4
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H2B type 1-K
      • Protein or peptide: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
    • Complex: Histone H2A type 2-A
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H2A type 2-A
    • Complex: DNA
      • DNA: DNA (153-MER)
      • DNA: DNA (153-MER)
  • Ligand: PENTANEDIALGlutaraldehyde
  • Ligand: ZINC ION
Function / homology
Function and homology information


cyclic GMP-AMP synthase / 2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP synthase activity / STING mediated induction of host immune responses / paracrine signaling / poly-ADP-D-ribose modification-dependent protein binding / cGAS/STING signaling pathway / regulation of immunoglobulin production / regulation of T cell activation / pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway / negative regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination ...cyclic GMP-AMP synthase / 2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP synthase activity / STING mediated induction of host immune responses / paracrine signaling / poly-ADP-D-ribose modification-dependent protein binding / cGAS/STING signaling pathway / regulation of immunoglobulin production / regulation of T cell activation / pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway / negative regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination / negative regulation of cGAS/STING signaling pathway / cellular response to exogenous dsRNA / cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway / cGMP-mediated signaling / cAMP-mediated signaling / nucleosome binding / positive regulation of type I interferon production / negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation / protein localization to CENP-A containing chromatin / Chromatin modifying enzymes / Replacement of protamines by nucleosomes in the male pronucleus / CENP-A containing nucleosome / Packaging Of Telomere Ends / Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected purine / Cleavage of the damaged purine / Deposition of new CENPA-containing nucleosomes at the centromere / positive regulation of defense response to virus by host / Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected pyrimidine / Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine / phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding / Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere / Meiotic synapsis / molecular condensate scaffold activity / telomere organization / activation of innate immune response / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening / Interleukin-7 signaling / SUMOylation of chromatin organization proteins / Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication / DNA methylation / Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes / HCMV Late Events / Chromatin modifications during the maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) / ERCC6 (CSB) and EHMT2 (G9a) positively regulate rRNA expression / SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression / innate immune response in mucosa / PRC2 methylates histones and DNA / Defective pyroptosis / HDACs deacetylate histones / determination of adult lifespan / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape / Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) / Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs / Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex / RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function / Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 / NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression / G2/M DNA damage checkpoint / B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression / HDMs demethylate histones / DNA Damage/Telomere Stress Induced Senescence / Metalloprotease DUBs / PKMTs methylate histone lysines / RMTs methylate histone arginines / Meiotic recombination / Pre-NOTCH Transcription and Translation / nucleosome assembly / Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis / HCMV Early Events / Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis / structural constituent of chromatin / UCH proteinases / positive regulation of cellular senescence / nucleosome / antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide / E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiquitinate target proteins / Recruitment and ATM-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling proteins at DNA double strand breaks / site of double-strand break / RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs / chromatin organization / Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production / Processing of DNA double-strand break ends / HATs acetylate histones / antibacterial humoral response / Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) / double-stranded DNA binding / defense response to virus / Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence / killing of cells of another organism / Estrogen-dependent gene expression / defense response to Gram-negative bacterium / chromosome, telomeric region / nuclear body / Ub-specific processing proteases / defense response to Gram-positive bacterium / Amyloid fiber formation / protein heterodimerization activity / DNA repair / innate immune response / DNA damage response
Similarity search - Function
Mab-21-like, nucleotidyltransferase domain / Mab-21-like, HhH/H2TH-like domain / Mab-21 protein HhH/H2TH-like domain / Mab-21 protein nucleotidyltransferase domain / Mab-21-like / Mab-21 / Histone H2B signature. / Histone H2B / Histone H2B / Histone H2A conserved site ...Mab-21-like, nucleotidyltransferase domain / Mab-21-like, HhH/H2TH-like domain / Mab-21 protein HhH/H2TH-like domain / Mab-21 protein nucleotidyltransferase domain / Mab-21-like / Mab-21 / Histone H2B signature. / Histone H2B / Histone H2B / Histone H2A conserved site / Histone H2A signature. / Histone H2A, C-terminal domain / C-terminus of histone H2A / Histone H2A / Histone 2A / Histone H4, conserved site / Histone H4 signature. / Histone H4 / Histone H4 / CENP-T/Histone H4, histone fold / Centromere kinetochore component CENP-T histone fold / TATA box binding protein associated factor / TATA box binding protein associated factor (TAF), histone-like fold domain / Histone H3 signature 1. / Histone H3 signature 2. / Histone H3 / Histone H3/CENP-A / Histone H2A/H2B/H3 / Core histone H2A/H2B/H3/H4 / Histone-fold
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Histone H2B type 1-K / Histone H4 / Histone H2A type 2-A / Histone H3.2 / Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.1 Å
AuthorsPathare GR / Cavadini S / Kempf G / Thoma NH
Funding support Switzerland, 4 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
European Research Council (ERC)666068 Switzerland
European Research Council (ERC)804933 Switzerland
European Research Council (ERC)724022 Switzerland
Swiss National Science FoundationBSSGI0-155984 Switzerland
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2020
Title: Structural mechanism of cGAS inhibition by the nucleosome.
Authors: Ganesh R Pathare / Alexiane Decout / Selene Glück / Simone Cavadini / Kristina Makasheva / Ruud Hovius / Georg Kempf / Joscha Weiss / Zuzanna Kozicka / Baptiste Guey / Pauline Melenec / ...Authors: Ganesh R Pathare / Alexiane Decout / Selene Glück / Simone Cavadini / Kristina Makasheva / Ruud Hovius / Georg Kempf / Joscha Weiss / Zuzanna Kozicka / Baptiste Guey / Pauline Melenec / Beat Fierz / Nicolas H Thomä / Andrea Ablasser /
Abstract: The DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) initiates innate immune responses following microbial infection, cellular stress and cancer. Upon activation by double-stranded DNA, cytosolic cGAS ...The DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) initiates innate immune responses following microbial infection, cellular stress and cancer. Upon activation by double-stranded DNA, cytosolic cGAS produces 2'3' cGMP-AMP, which triggers the induction of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons . cGAS is also present inside the cell nucleus, which is replete with genomic DNA, where chromatin has been implicated in restricting its enzymatic activity. However, the structural basis for inhibition of cGAS by chromatin remains unknown. Here we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of human cGAS bound to nucleosomes. cGAS makes extensive contacts with both the acidic patch of the histone H2A-H2B heterodimer and nucleosomal DNA. The structural and complementary biochemical analysis also find cGAS engaged to a second nucleosome in trans. Mechanistically, binding of the nucleosome locks cGAS into a monomeric state, in which steric hindrance suppresses spurious activation by genomic DNA. We find that mutations to the cGAS-acidic patch interface are sufficient to abolish the inhibitory effect of nucleosomes in vitro and to unleash the activity of cGAS on genomic DNA in living cells. Our work uncovers the structural basis of the interaction between cGAS and chromatin and details a mechanism that permits self-non-self discrimination of genomic DNA by cGAS.
History
DepositionFeb 25, 2020-
Header (metadata) releaseSep 23, 2020-
Map releaseSep 23, 2020-
UpdateDec 9, 2020-
Current statusDec 9, 2020Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.124
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 0.124
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-6y5d
  • Surface level: 0.14
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_10694.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_10694.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 125 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.86 Å
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.124 / Movie #1: 0.124
Minimum - Maximum-0.23206942 - 0.711871
Average (Standard dev.)0.005909121 (±0.040205)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions320320320
Spacing320320320
CellA=B=C: 275.2 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z0.860.860.86
M x/y/z320320320
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z275.200275.200275.200
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ000
NX/NY/NZ138139230
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS320320320
D min/max/mean-0.2320.7120.006

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Supplemental data

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Additional map: Local resolution-filtered and sharpened map.

Fileemd_10694_additional.map
AnnotationLocal resolution-filtered and sharpened map.
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Cryo-EM structure of cGAS-NCP complex

EntireName: Cryo-EM structure of cGAS-NCP complex
Components
  • Complex: Cryo-EM structure of cGAS-NCP complex
    • Complex: Protein
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H3.2
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H4
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H2B type 1-K
      • Protein or peptide: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
    • Complex: Histone H2A type 2-A
      • Protein or peptide: Histone H2A type 2-A
    • Complex: DNA
      • DNA: DNA (153-MER)
      • DNA: DNA (153-MER)
  • Ligand: PENTANEDIALGlutaraldehyde
  • Ligand: ZINC ION

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Supramolecule #1: Cryo-EM structure of cGAS-NCP complex

SupramoleculeName: Cryo-EM structure of cGAS-NCP complex / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#7
Molecular weightExperimental: 240 KDa

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Supramolecule #2: Protein

SupramoleculeName: Protein / type: complex / ID: 2 / Parent: 1 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2, #4, #7
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)

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Supramolecule #3: Histone H2A type 2-A

SupramoleculeName: Histone H2A type 2-A / type: complex / ID: 3 / Parent: 1 / Macromolecule list: #3
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)

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Supramolecule #4: DNA

SupramoleculeName: DNA / type: complex / ID: 4 / Parent: 1 / Macromolecule list: #5-#6
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Recombinant expressionOrganism: synthetic construct (others)

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Macromolecule #1: Histone H3.2

MacromoleculeName: Histone H3.2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 4 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 11.456345 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
SequenceString:
PHRYRPGTVA LREIRRYQKS TELLIRKLPF QRLVREIAQD FKTDLRFQSS AVMALQEASE AYLVGLFEDT NLAAIHAKRV TIMPKDIQL ARRIRGERA

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Macromolecule #2: Histone H4

MacromoleculeName: Histone H4 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 4 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 11.394426 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
SequenceString:
MSGRGKGGKG LGKGGAKRHR KVLRDNIQGI TKPAIRRLAR RGGVKRISGL IYEETRGVLK VFLENVIRDA VTYTEHAKRK TVTAMDVVY ALKRQGRTLY GFGG

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Macromolecule #3: Histone H2A type 2-A

MacromoleculeName: Histone H2A type 2-A / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 4 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 14.125549 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
SequenceString:
MSGRGKQGGK ARAKAKSRSS RAGLQFPVGR VHRLLRKGNY AERVGAGAPV YMAAVLEYLT AEILELAGNA ARDNKKTRII PRHLQLAIR NDEELNKLLG KVTIAQGGVL PNIQAVLLPK KTESHHKAKG K

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Macromolecule #4: Histone H2B type 1-K

MacromoleculeName: Histone H2B type 1-K / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 4 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 13.921213 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
SequenceString:
MPEPAKSAPA PKKGSKKAVT KAQKKDGKKR KRSRKESYSV YVYKVLKQVH PDTGISSKAM GIMNSFVNDI FERIAGEASR LAHYNKRST ITSREIQTAV RLLLPGELAK HAVSEGTKAV TKYTSAK

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Macromolecule #7: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase

MacromoleculeName: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 42.40484 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
SequenceString: GASKLRAVLE KLKLSRDDIS TAAGMVKGVV DHLLLRLKCD SAFRGVGLLN TGSYYEHVKI SAPNEFDVMF KLEVPRIQLE EYSNTRAYY FVKFKRNPKE NPLSQFLEGE ILSASKMLSK FRKIIKEEIN DIKDTDVIMK RKRGGSPAVT LLISEKISVD I TLALESKS ...String:
GASKLRAVLE KLKLSRDDIS TAAGMVKGVV DHLLLRLKCD SAFRGVGLLN TGSYYEHVKI SAPNEFDVMF KLEVPRIQLE EYSNTRAYY FVKFKRNPKE NPLSQFLEGE ILSASKMLSK FRKIIKEEIN DIKDTDVIMK RKRGGSPAVT LLISEKISVD I TLALESKS SWPASTQEGL RIQNWLSAKV RKQLRLKPFY LVPKHAKEGN GFQEETWRLS FSHIEKEILN NHGKSETCCE NK EEKCCRK DCLKLMKYLL EQLKERFKDK KHLDKFSSYH VKTAFFHVCT QNPQDSQWDR KDLGLCFDNC VTYFLQCLRT EKL ENYFIP EFNLFSSNLI DKRSKEFLTK QIEYERNNEF PVFDEF

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Macromolecule #5: DNA (153-MER)

MacromoleculeName: DNA (153-MER) / type: dna / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 2 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 46.998945 KDa
SequenceString: (DA)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DA) (DA)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DG)(DG)(DT)(DG)(DC) (DC)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DG)(DC)(DC)(DG)(DC) (DT)(DC)(DA)(DA)(DT)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DT)(DC) (DG) (DT)(DA)(DG)(DA)(DC)(DA) ...String:
(DA)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DA) (DA)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DG)(DG)(DT)(DG)(DC) (DC)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DG)(DC)(DC)(DG)(DC) (DT)(DC)(DA)(DA)(DT)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DT)(DC) (DG) (DT)(DA)(DG)(DA)(DC)(DA)(DG)(DC) (DT)(DC)(DT)(DA)(DG)(DC)(DA)(DC)(DC)(DG) (DC)(DT) (DT)(DA)(DA)(DA)(DC)(DG)(DC) (DA)(DC)(DG)(DT)(DA)(DC)(DG)(DC)(DG)(DC) (DT)(DG)(DT) (DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DG) (DC)(DG)(DT)(DT)(DT)(DT)(DA)(DA)(DC)(DC) (DG)(DC)(DC)(DA) (DA)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG) (DA)(DT)(DT)(DA)(DC)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DT) (DA)(DG)(DT)(DC)(DT) (DC)(DC)(DA)(DG) (DG)(DC)(DA)(DC)(DG)(DT)(DG)(DT)(DC)(DA) (DG)(DA)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DA) (DT)(DA)(DC) (DA)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DT)(DG)(DT)(DG)(DA)(DT)

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Macromolecule #6: DNA (153-MER)

MacromoleculeName: DNA (153-MER) / type: dna / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 2 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 47.457234 KDa
SequenceString: (DA)(DT)(DC)(DA)(DC)(DA)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DT) (DG)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DC)(DT) (DG)(DA)(DC)(DA)(DC)(DG)(DT)(DG)(DC) (DC)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DA)(DC)(DT)(DA) (DG) (DG)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DT)(DA) ...String:
(DA)(DT)(DC)(DA)(DC)(DA)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DT) (DG)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DC)(DT) (DG)(DA)(DC)(DA)(DC)(DG)(DT)(DG)(DC) (DC)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DA)(DC)(DT)(DA) (DG) (DG)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DT)(DA)(DA)(DT) (DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DT)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DC)(DG) (DG)(DT) (DT)(DA)(DA)(DA)(DA)(DC)(DG) (DC)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DC)(DA)(DG) (DC)(DG)(DC) (DG)(DT)(DA)(DC)(DG)(DT) (DG)(DC)(DG)(DT)(DT)(DT)(DA)(DA)(DG)(DC) (DG)(DG)(DT)(DG) (DC)(DT)(DA)(DG)(DA) (DG)(DC)(DT)(DG)(DT)(DC)(DT)(DA)(DC)(DG) (DA)(DC)(DC)(DA)(DA) (DT)(DT)(DG)(DA) (DG)(DC)(DG)(DG)(DC)(DC)(DT)(DC)(DG)(DG) (DC)(DA)(DC)(DC)(DG)(DG) (DG)(DA)(DT) (DT)(DC)(DT)(DC)(DC)(DA)(DG)(DG)(DA)(DT)

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Macromolecule #8: PENTANEDIAL

MacromoleculeName: PENTANEDIAL / type: ligand / ID: 8 / Number of copies: 9 / Formula: PTD
Molecular weightTheoretical: 100.116 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-PTD:
PENTANEDIAL / Glutaraldehyde

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Macromolecule #9: ZINC ION

MacromoleculeName: ZINC ION / type: ligand / ID: 9 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: ZN
Molecular weightTheoretical: 65.409 Da

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration1 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsC2 aperture diameter: 100.0 µm / Illumination mode: SPOT SCAN / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy / Cs: 0.01 mm
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k) / Detector mode: COUNTING / Average electron dose: 45.0 e/Å2
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Startup modelType of model: OTHER / Details: Ab initio model
Initial angle assignmentType: OTHER
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 4.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 13943

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