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- EMDB-30047: CryoEM structure of human PAC1 receptor in complex with maxadilan -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-30047
TitleCryoEM structure of human PAC1 receptor in complex with maxadilan
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: PACAP38-PAC1R complex
    • Protein or peptide: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor
    • Protein or peptide: Maxadilan
    • Protein or peptide: Nanobody 35
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
Function / homology
Function and homology information


negative regulation of response to reactive oxygen species / development of primary female sexual characteristics / vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity / positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling / NGF-independant TRKA activation / G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity / positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction / neuropeptide binding / positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol ...negative regulation of response to reactive oxygen species / development of primary female sexual characteristics / vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity / positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling / NGF-independant TRKA activation / G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity / positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction / neuropeptide binding / positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / PKA activation in glucagon signalling / peptide hormone binding / adenylate cyclase binding / hair follicle placode formation / developmental growth / D1 dopamine receptor binding / bicellular tight junction / multicellular organismal response to stress / intracellular transport / renal water homeostasis / Hedgehog 'off' state / adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway / activation of adenylate cyclase activity / cellular response to glucagon stimulus / cAMP-mediated signaling / adenylate cyclase activator activity / regulation of insulin secretion / trans-Golgi network membrane / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / bone development / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / caveola / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G protein activity / G-protein activation / platelet aggregation / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / cognition / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / small GTPase binding / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / photoreceptor disc membrane / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / G alpha (z) signalling events / vasodilation / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / sensory perception of taste / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / sensory perception of smell / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / GTPase binding / response to estradiol / positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis / retina development in camera-type eye / signaling receptor activity / Ca2+ pathway / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (i) signalling events / fibroblast proliferation / spermatogenesis / G alpha (s) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / G alpha (q) signalling events / response to ethanol / Ras protein signal transduction / cell population proliferation / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell differentiation / receptor complex / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / endosome / response to xenobiotic stimulus
Similarity search - Function
GPCR, family 2, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type 1 receptor / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1. / : / GPCR, family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1. / Domain present in hormone receptors / Hormone receptor domain / GPCR family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain superfamily / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 2. / GPCR, family 2, secretin-like, conserved site ...GPCR, family 2, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide type 1 receptor / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 1. / : / GPCR, family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 1. / Domain present in hormone receptors / Hormone receptor domain / GPCR family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain superfamily / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 signature 2. / GPCR, family 2, secretin-like, conserved site / GPCR, family 2, secretin-like / 7 transmembrane receptor (Secretin family) / GPCR, family 2-like / G-protein coupled receptors family 2 profile 2. / G-protein alpha subunit, group S / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Maxadilan / Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Lutzomyia longipalpis (insect) / Lama glama (llama)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.6 Å
AuthorsSong X / Wang J / Zhang D / Wang HW / Ma Y
CitationJournal: Cell Res / Year: 2020
Title: Cryo-EM structures of PAC1 receptor reveal ligand binding mechanism.
Authors: Jia Wang / Xianqiang Song / Dandan Zhang / Xiaoqing Chen / Xun Li / Yaping Sun / Cui Li / Yunpeng Song / Yao Ding / Ruobing Ren / Essa Hu Harrington / Liaoyuan A Hu / Wenge Zhong / Cen Xu / ...Authors: Jia Wang / Xianqiang Song / Dandan Zhang / Xiaoqing Chen / Xun Li / Yaping Sun / Cui Li / Yunpeng Song / Yao Ding / Ruobing Ren / Essa Hu Harrington / Liaoyuan A Hu / Wenge Zhong / Cen Xu / Xin Huang / Hong-Wei Wang / Yingli Ma /
Abstract: The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor (PAC1R) belongs to the secretin receptor family and is widely distributed in the central neural system and peripheral organs. ...The pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor (PAC1R) belongs to the secretin receptor family and is widely distributed in the central neural system and peripheral organs. Abnormal activation of the receptor mediates trigeminovascular activation and sensitization, which is highly related to migraine, making PAC1R a potential therapeutic target. Elucidation of PAC1R activation mechanism would benefit discovery of therapeutic drugs for neuronal disorders. PAC1R activity is governed by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), known as a major vasodilator neuropeptide, and maxadilan, a native peptide from the sand fly, which is also capable of activating the receptor with similar potency. These peptide ligands have divergent sequences yet initiate convergent PAC1R activity. It is of interest to understand the mechanism of PAC1R ligand recognition and receptor activity regulation through structural biology. Here we report two near-atomic resolution cryo-EM structures of PAC1R activated by PACAP38 or maxadilan, providing structural insights into two distinct ligand binding modes. The structures illustrate flexibility of the extracellular domain (ECD) for ligands with distinct conformations, where ECD accommodates ligands in different orientations while extracellular loop 1 (ECL1) protrudes to further anchor the ligand bound in the orthosteric site. By structure-guided molecular modeling and mutagenesis, we tested residues in the ligand-binding pockets and identified clusters of residues that are critical for receptor activity. The structures reported here for the first time elucidate the mechanism of specificity and flexibility of ligand recognition and binding for PAC1R, and provide insights toward the design of therapeutic molecules targeting PAC1R.
History
DepositionFeb 26, 2020-
Header (metadata) releaseMar 11, 2020-
Map releaseMar 11, 2020-
UpdateMay 27, 2020-
Current statusMay 27, 2020Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.016
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by height
  • Surface level: 0.016
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-6m1h
  • Surface level: 0.016
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_30047.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_30047.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 22.2 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.09 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 196.38 Å		1.09 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 196.38 Å		1.09 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 196.38 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.091 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.016 / Movie #1: 0.016
Minimum - Maximum-0.05526922 - 0.09873464
Average (Standard dev.)0.00035868687 (±0.0033585476)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions180180180
Spacing180180180
CellA=B=C: 196.37999 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.0911.0911.091
M x/y/z180180180
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z196.380196.380196.380
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ000
NX/NY/NZ400400400
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS180180180
D min/max/mean-0.0550.0990.000

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : PACAP38-PAC1R complex

EntireName: PACAP38-PAC1R complex
Components
  • Complex: PACAP38-PAC1R complex
    • Protein or peptide: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor
    • Protein or peptide: Maxadilan
    • Protein or peptide: Nanobody 35
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short

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Supramolecule #1: PACAP38-PAC1R complex

SupramoleculeName: PACAP38-PAC1R complex / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 150 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor

MacromoleculeName: Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 47.967223 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria)
SequenceString: DYKDDDDKIF KKEQAMCLEK IQRANELMGF NDSSPGCPGM WDNITCWKPA HVGEMVLVSC PELFRIFNPD QDMGVVSRNC TEDGWSEPF PHYFDACGFD EYESETGDQD YYYLSVKALY TVGYSLSLVA LLLAMVILCR FRKLHCTRNF IHMNLFVSFM L RAISVFIK ...String:
DYKDDDDKIF KKEQAMCLEK IQRANELMGF NDSSPGCPGM WDNITCWKPA HVGEMVLVSC PELFRIFNPD QDMGVVSRNC TEDGWSEPF PHYFDACGFD EYESETGDQD YYYLSVKALY TVGYSLSLVA LLLAMVILCR FRKLHCTRNF IHMNLFVSFM L RAISVFIK DWILYAEQDS NHCFISTVEC KAVMVFFHYC VVSNYFWLFI EGLYLFTLLV ETFFPERRYF YWYTIIGWGA PL VFVTVWA TLRLYFDDTG CWDMNDSTAL WWVIKGPVVG SIMVNFVLFI GIIVILVQKL QSPDMGGNES SIYLRLARST LLL IPLFGI HYTVFAFSPE NVSKRERLVF ELGLGSFQGF VVAVLYCFLN GEVQAEIKRK WRSWKVNRYF AVDFKHRHPS LASS HHHHH HHHHH

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Macromolecule #2: Maxadilan

MacromoleculeName: Maxadilan / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Lutzomyia longipalpis (insect)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 6.88182 KDa
SequenceString:
CDATCQFRKA IDDCQKQAHH SNVLQTSVQT TATFTSMDTS QLPGNSVFKE CMKQKKKEFK A

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Macromolecule #3: Nanobody 35

MacromoleculeName: Nanobody 35 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Lama glama (llama)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 14.71432 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
SequenceString:
QVQLQESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGFTFS NYKMNWVRQA PGKGLEWVSD ISQSGASISY TGSVKGRFTI SRDNAKNTLY LQMNSLKPE DTAVYYCARC PAPFTRDCFD VTSTTYAYRG QGTQVTVSSH HHHHH

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Macromolecule #4: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 7.861143 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria)
SequenceString:
MASNNTASIA QARKLVEQLK MEANIDRIKV SKAAADLMAY CEAHAKEDPL LTPVPASENP FREKKFFCAI L

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Macromolecule #5: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 37.47398 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria)
SequenceString: GMSELDQLRQ EAEQLKNQIR DARKACADAT LSQITNNIDP VGRIQMRTRR TLRGHLAKIY AMHWGTDSRL LVSASQDGKL IIWDSYTTN KVHAIPLRSS WVMTCAYAPS GNYVACGGLD NICSIYNLKT REGNVRVSRE LAGHTGYLSC CRFLDDNQIV T SSGDTTCA ...String:
GMSELDQLRQ EAEQLKNQIR DARKACADAT LSQITNNIDP VGRIQMRTRR TLRGHLAKIY AMHWGTDSRL LVSASQDGKL IIWDSYTTN KVHAIPLRSS WVMTCAYAPS GNYVACGGLD NICSIYNLKT REGNVRVSRE LAGHTGYLSC CRFLDDNQIV T SSGDTTCA LWDIETGQQT TTFTGHTGDV MSLSLAPDTR LFVSGACDAS AKLWDVREGM CRQTFTGHES DINAICFFPN GN AFATGSD DATCRLFDLR ADQELMTYSH DNIICGITSV SFSKSGRLLL AGYDDFNCNV WDALKADRAG VLAGHDNRVS CLG VTDDGM AVATGSWDSF LKIWN

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Macromolecule #6: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 45.683434 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Insect BA phytoplasma (bacteria)
SequenceString: MGCLGNSKTE DQRNEEKAQR EANKKIEKQL QKDKQVYRAT HRLLLLGAGE SGKNTIVKQM RILHVNGFNG EGGEEDPQAA RSNSDGEKA TKVQDIKNNL KEAIETIVAA MSNLVPPVEL ANPENQFRVD YILSVMNVPD FDFPPEFYEH AKALWEDEGV R ACYERSNE ...String:
MGCLGNSKTE DQRNEEKAQR EANKKIEKQL QKDKQVYRAT HRLLLLGAGE SGKNTIVKQM RILHVNGFNG EGGEEDPQAA RSNSDGEKA TKVQDIKNNL KEAIETIVAA MSNLVPPVEL ANPENQFRVD YILSVMNVPD FDFPPEFYEH AKALWEDEGV R ACYERSNE YQLIDCAQYF LDKIDVIKQA DYVPSDQDLL RCRVLTSGIF ETKFQVDKVN FHMFDVGAQR DERRKWIQCF ND VTAIIFV VASSSYNMVI REDNQTNRLQ AALKLFDSIW NNKWLRDTSV ILFLNKQDLL AEKVLAGKSK IEDYFPEFAR YTT PEDATP EPGEDPRVTR AKYFIRDEFL RISTASGDGR HYCYPHFTCA VDTENIRRVF NDCRDIIQRM HLRQYELL

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration5 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Detector mode: SUPER-RESOLUTION / Digitization - Dimensions - Width: 3838 pixel / Digitization - Dimensions - Height: 3710 pixel / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsC2 aperture diameter: 50.0 µm / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 0.0 mm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionSoftware - Name: CTFFIND (ver. 4.1)
Final reconstructionNumber classes used: 1 / Applied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Algorithm: BACK PROJECTION / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: RELION (ver. 3.0) / Number images used: 58451
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelPDB ID:

5b16

Output model

PDB-6m1h:
CryoEM structure of human PAC1 receptor in complex with maxadilan

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