RNA polymerase I transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase I core factor complex / RNA polymerase I core binding / rDNA binding / RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor binding / RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor activity / RNA polymerase transcription factor SL1 complex / RNA polymerase I core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex assembly / RNA Polymerase I Transcription Initiation ...RNA polymerase I transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase I core factor complex / RNA polymerase I core binding / rDNA binding / RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor binding / RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor activity / RNA polymerase transcription factor SL1 complex / RNA polymerase I core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex assembly / RNA Polymerase I Transcription Initiation / Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA / RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 2 Promoter / regulation of cell size / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE / Formation of the Early Elongation Complex / mRNA Capping / RNA polymerase II transcribes snRNA genes / TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes / RNA Polymerase II Promoter Escape / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Pre-Initiation And Promoter Opening / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation And Promoter Clearance / RNA-templated transcription / termination of RNA polymerase III transcription / RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events / Formation of TC-NER Pre-Incision Complex / termination of RNA polymerase I transcription / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape / transcription initiation at RNA polymerase III promoter / nucleolar large rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase I / Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER / transcription initiation at RNA polymerase I promoter / Estrogen-dependent gene expression / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I / Dual incision in TC-NER / tRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III / RNA polymerase III activity / transcription by RNA polymerase I / transcription by RNA polymerase III / RNA polymerase I activity / RNA polymerase I complex / RNA polymerase III complex / RNA polymerase II activity / RNA polymerase II, core complex / TBP-class protein binding / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II / promoter-specific chromatin binding / transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter / ribonucleoside binding / DNA-directed RNA polymerase / peroxisome / ribosome biogenesis / RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding / transcription by RNA polymerase II / nucleic acid binding / protein dimerization activity / nucleolus / negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II / DNA binding / zinc ion binding / nucleoplasm / metal ion binding / nucleus / cytoplasm Similarity search - Function
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC1 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA190 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC1 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA135 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC2 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA12 / RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN6 ...DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC1 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA190 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC1 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA135 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC2 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA12 / RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN6 / RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN3 / DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC4 / RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN7 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA43 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA34 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA14 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA49 / RNA polymerase I-specific transcription initiation factor RRN11 Similarity search - Component
Journal: Nat Commun / Year: 2020 Title: Structural basis of RNA polymerase I pre-initiation complex formation and promoter melting. Authors: Michael Pilsl / Christoph Engel / Abstract: Transcription of the ribosomal RNA precursor by RNA polymerase (Pol) I is a prerequisite for the biosynthesis of ribosomes in eukaryotes. Compared to Pols II and III, the mechanisms underlying ...Transcription of the ribosomal RNA precursor by RNA polymerase (Pol) I is a prerequisite for the biosynthesis of ribosomes in eukaryotes. Compared to Pols II and III, the mechanisms underlying promoter recognition, initiation complex formation and DNA melting by Pol I substantially diverge. Here, we report the high-resolution cryo-EM reconstruction of a Pol I early initiation intermediate assembled on a double-stranded promoter scaffold that prevents the establishment of downstream DNA contacts. Our analyses demonstrate how efficient promoter-backbone interaction is achieved by combined re-arrangements of flexible regions in the 'core factor' subunits Rrn7 and Rrn11. Furthermore, structure-function analysis illustrates how destabilization of the melted DNA region correlates with contraction of the polymerase cleft upon transcription activation, thereby combining promoter recruitment with DNA-melting. This suggests that molecular mechanisms and structural features of Pol I initiation have co-evolved to support the efficient melting, initial transcription and promoter clearance required for high-level rRNA synthesis.
History
Deposition
Dec 14, 2019
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Header (metadata) release
Mar 18, 2020
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Map release
Mar 18, 2020
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Update
May 22, 2024
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Current status
May 22, 2024
Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
Name: DNA foreign / type: dna / ID: 21 / Number of copies: 1 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)
Organism: Synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weight
Theoretical: 3.905512 KDa
Sequence
String:
(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)(DG)
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Macromolecule #22: DNA foreign
Macromolecule
Name: DNA foreign / type: dna / ID: 22 / Number of copies: 1 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)
Organism: Synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weight
Theoretical: 3.425224 KDa
Sequence
String:
(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)(DC)
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Macromolecule #23: ZINC ION
Macromolecule
Name: ZINC ION / type: ligand / ID: 23 / Number of copies: 7 / Formula: ZN
Molecular weight
Theoretical: 65.409 Da
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Macromolecule #24: MAGNESIUM ION
Macromolecule
Name: MAGNESIUM ION / type: ligand / ID: 24 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: MG
Molecular weight
Theoretical: 24.305 Da
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Experimental details
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Structure determination
Method
cryo EM
Processing
single particle reconstruction
Aggregation state
particle
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Sample preparation
Concentration
0.1 mg/mL
Buffer
pH: 7.8 / Component - Formula: KCl
Grid
Model: Quantifoil R2/1 / Material: COPPER / Mesh: 300 / Support film - Material: CARBON / Support film - topology: CONTINUOUS / Support film - Film thickness: 0.2 / Pretreatment - Type: PLASMA CLEANING / Pretreatment - Time: 60 sec. / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: OTHER
Vitrification
Cryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV
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Electron microscopy
Microscope
FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron beam
Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Detector mode: SUPER-RESOLUTION / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 4088 / Average electron dose: 1.4 e/Å2
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
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Image processing
Startup model
Type of model: NONE / Details: Initial model generated from 2D classes
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