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- PDB-1zeh: STRUCTURE OF INSULIN -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 1zeh
TitleSTRUCTURE OF INSULIN
Components(INSULIN) x 2
KeywordsHORMONE / METABOLIC ROLE / CHEMICAL ACTIVITY / INSULIN MUTANT / CROSS-LINK / GLUCOSE METABOLISM / DIABETES
Function / homology
Function and homology information


negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process / positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction / negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process / negative regulation of feeding behavior / Signaling by Insulin receptor / IRS activation / regulation of protein secretion / Insulin processing / positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion / positive regulation of respiratory burst ...negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process / positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction / negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process / negative regulation of feeding behavior / Signaling by Insulin receptor / IRS activation / regulation of protein secretion / Insulin processing / positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion / positive regulation of respiratory burst / negative regulation of acute inflammatory response / Regulation of gene expression in beta cells / alpha-beta T cell activation / positive regulation of dendritic spine maintenance / Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin / negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response / activation of protein kinase B activity / negative regulation of protein secretion / negative regulation of gluconeogenesis / positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process / fatty acid homeostasis / Signal attenuation / FOXO-mediated transcription of oxidative stress, metabolic and neuronal genes / negative regulation of lipid catabolic process / positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process / negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane / nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated signaling / transport vesicle / COPI-mediated anterograde transport / positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity / Insulin receptor recycling / negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process / insulin-like growth factor receptor binding / positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation / NPAS4 regulates expression of target genes / neuron projection maintenance / endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division / Insulin receptor signalling cascade / positive regulation of glycolytic process / positive regulation of cytokine production / endosome lumen / positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation / acute-phase response / positive regulation of protein secretion / positive regulation of D-glucose import / insulin receptor binding / positive regulation of cell differentiation / Regulation of insulin secretion / wound healing / positive regulation of neuron projection development / hormone activity / negative regulation of protein catabolic process / regulation of synaptic plasticity / positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus / Golgi lumen / vasodilation / cognition / glucose metabolic process / insulin receptor signaling pathway / glucose homeostasis / cell-cell signaling / regulation of protein localization / PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling / positive regulation of cell growth / protease binding / secretory granule lumen / positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / positive regulation of MAPK cascade / positive regulation of cell migration / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / Amyloid fiber formation / Golgi membrane / negative regulation of gene expression / positive regulation of cell population proliferation / positive regulation of gene expression / regulation of DNA-templated transcription / extracellular space / extracellular region / identical protein binding
Similarity search - Function
Insulin / Insulin family / Insulin-like / Insulin/IGF/Relaxin family / Insulin / insulin-like growth factor / relaxin family. / Insulin, conserved site / Insulin family signature. / Insulin-like superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodX-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 1.5 Å
AuthorsWhittingham, J.L. / Edwards, E.J. / Antson, A.A. / Clarkson, J.M. / Dodson, G.G.
Citation
Journal: Biochemistry / Year: 1998
Title: Interactions of phenol and m-cresol in the insulin hexamer, and their effect on the association properties of B28 pro --> Asp insulin analogues.
Authors: Whittingham, J.L. / Edwards, D.J. / Antson, A.A. / Clarkson, J.M. / Dodson, G.G.
#1: Journal: Structure / Year: 1995
Title: Role of C-Terminal B-Chain Residues in Insulin Assembly: The Structure of Hexameric Lysb28Prob29-Human Insulin
Authors: Ciszak, E. / Beals, J.M. / Frank, B.H. / Baker, J.C. / Carter, N.D. / Smith, G.D.
#2: Journal: Biopolymers / Year: 1992
Title: The Structure of a Rhombohedral R6 Insulin Hexamer that Binds Phenol
Authors: Smith, G.D. / Dodson, G.G.
History
DepositionMay 1, 1998Processing site: BNL
Revision 1.0Dec 9, 1998Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Mar 3, 2008Group: Version format compliance
Revision 1.2Jul 13, 2011Group: Version format compliance
Revision 1.3Nov 3, 2021Group: Database references / Derived calculations
Category: database_2 / pdbx_struct_conn_angle ...database_2 / pdbx_struct_conn_angle / struct_conn / struct_ref_seq_dif / struct_site
Item: _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession ..._database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr1_auth_comp_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr1_auth_seq_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr1_label_asym_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr1_label_atom_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr1_label_comp_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr1_label_seq_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr1_symmetry / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr3_auth_comp_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr3_auth_seq_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr3_label_asym_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr3_label_atom_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr3_label_comp_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr3_label_seq_id / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr3_symmetry / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.value / _struct_conn.pdbx_dist_value / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_symmetry / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_symmetry / _struct_ref_seq_dif.details / _struct_site.pdbx_auth_asym_id / _struct_site.pdbx_auth_comp_id / _struct_site.pdbx_auth_seq_id
Revision 1.4Apr 3, 2024Group: Data collection / Refinement description
Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / pdbx_initial_refinement_model
Revision 1.5Nov 20, 2024Group: Structure summary / Category: pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)12,41413
Polymers11,6714
Non-polymers7429
Water1,928107
1
A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)6,0455
Polymers5,8362
Non-polymers2093
Water362
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area1240 Å2
ΔGint-9 kcal/mol
Surface area4700 Å2
MethodPISA
2
C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)6,3698
Polymers5,8362
Non-polymers5336
Water362
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area1460 Å2
ΔGint-10 kcal/mol
Surface area4370 Å2
MethodPISA
3
A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules

A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules

A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)37,24139
Polymers35,01412
Non-polymers2,22727
Water21612
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
crystal symmetry operation2_555-y,x-y,z1
crystal symmetry operation3_555-x+y,-x,z1
Buried area23290 Å2
ΔGint-273 kcal/mol
Surface area12450 Å2
MethodPISA
4


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by software
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area4870 Å2
ΔGint-15 kcal/mol
Surface area6890 Å2
MethodPISA
5
C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules

A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)12,41413
Polymers11,6714
Non-polymers7429
Water724
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
crystal symmetry operation3_555-x+y,-x,z1
Buried area4030 Å2
ΔGint-15 kcal/mol
Surface area7730 Å2
MethodPISA
6
A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
hetero molecules

A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
hetero molecules

A: INSULIN
B: INSULIN
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)18,13415
Polymers17,5076
Non-polymers6279
Water1086
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
crystal symmetry operation2_555-y,x-y,z1
crystal symmetry operation3_555-x+y,-x,z1
Buried area5910 Å2
ΔGint-149 kcal/mol
Surface area12120 Å2
MethodPISA
7
C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules

C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules

C: INSULIN
D: INSULIN
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)19,10724
Polymers17,5076
Non-polymers1,60018
Water1086
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
crystal symmetry operation2_555-y,x-y,z1
crystal symmetry operation3_555-x+y,-x,z1
Buried area6850 Å2
ΔGint-148 kcal/mol
Surface area10860 Å2
MethodPISA
Unit cell
Length a, b, c (Å)77.490, 77.490, 38.910
Angle α, β, γ (deg.)90.00, 90.00, 120.00
Int Tables number146
Space group name H-MH3
Components on special symmetry positions
IDModelComponents
11B-31-

ZN

21B-32-

CL

31D-31-

ZN

41D-32-

CL

51D-50-

HOH

61D-53-

HOH

71D-60-

HOH

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Components

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Protein/peptide , 2 types, 4 molecules ACBD

#1: Protein/peptide INSULIN / B28ASP-MCR


Mass: 2383.698 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Mutation: CHAIN B, D, P28D
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: P01308
#2: Protein/peptide INSULIN / B28ASP-MCR


Mass: 3451.926 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Mutation: CHAIN B, D, P28D
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: P01308

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Non-polymers , 4 types, 116 molecules

#3: Chemical
ChemComp-CRS / M-CRESOL


Mass: 108.138 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C7H8O
#4: Chemical ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn
#5: Chemical ChemComp-CL / CHLORIDE ION


Mass: 35.453 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Cl
#6: Water ChemComp-HOH / water


Mass: 18.015 Da / Num. of mol.: 107 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: H2O

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Details

Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Number of used crystals: 2

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Sample preparation

CrystalDensity Matthews: 1.93 Å3/Da / Density % sol: 40 %
Crystal growMethod: batch method / pH: 6.8
Details: BATCH METHOD, COMPOSITION OF CRYSTALLISATION SOLUTION 3.5 MG INSULIN + 0.5 ML 0.02M HCL + 0.05 ML 0.12M ZINC ACETATE + 0.25 ML 0.2M TRI-SODIUM CITRATE + 0.2 ML 2.5% (W/V) M-CRESOL IN ETHANOL ...Details: BATCH METHOD, COMPOSITION OF CRYSTALLISATION SOLUTION 3.5 MG INSULIN + 0.5 ML 0.02M HCL + 0.05 ML 0.12M ZINC ACETATE + 0.25 ML 0.2M TRI-SODIUM CITRATE + 0.2 ML 2.5% (W/V) M-CRESOL IN ETHANOL + 60 MG NACL, pH 6.8, batch method
Crystal grow
*PLUS
Temperature: 50 ℃ / Method: batch method / PH range low: 6.4 / PH range high: 5.4
Components of the solutions
*PLUS
IDConc.Common nameCrystal-IDSol-IDChemical formula
13.5 mg/mlinsulin11
210 mM11HCl
36 mMzinc acetate11
45 mMtrisodium citrate11
50.5 %m-cresol in ethanol11
660 mg/ml11NaCl

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Data collection

DiffractionMean temperature: 120 K
Diffraction sourceSource: ROTATING ANODE / Type: RIGAKU RUH2R / Wavelength: 1.5418
DetectorType: MARRESEARCH / Detector: IMAGE PLATE / Date: Jan 27, 1997
RadiationMonochromatic (M) / Laue (L): M / Scattering type: x-ray
Radiation wavelengthWavelength: 1.5418 Å / Relative weight: 1
ReflectionResolution: 1.5→19.4 Å / Num. obs: 13601 / % possible obs: 97.5 % / Redundancy: 7.5 % / Biso Wilson estimate: 16.9 Å2 / Rmerge(I) obs: 0.07
Reflection shellResolution: 1.5→1.53 Å / Rmerge(I) obs: 0.169 / % possible all: 54.6
Reflection
*PLUS
Highest resolution: 1.51 Å / Lowest resolution: 19.39 Å / Num. measured all: 102174
Reflection shell
*PLUS
Highest resolution: 1.51 Å / % possible obs: 54.6 %

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Processing

Software
NameClassification
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
REFMACrefinement
RefinementStarting model: 4ZN INSULIN DIMER

Resolution: 1.5→19.4 Å / Cross valid method: FREE R / σ(F): 0
RfactorNum. reflection% reflectionSelection details
Rfree0.193 -5 %RANDOM
Rwork0.159 ---
obs-13601 97.5 %-
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 20.1 Å2
Refinement stepCycle: LAST / Resolution: 1.5→19.4 Å
ProteinNucleic acidLigandSolventTotal
Num. atoms837 0 52 107 996
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealDev ideal target
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_bond_d0.0140.02
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_angle_d0.0360.04
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_angle_deg
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_planar_d0.0360.05
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_hb_or_metal_coord
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_mcbond_it1.5642
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_mcangle_it2.3593
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_scbond_it2.0612
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_scangle_it2.9873
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_plane_restr0.0270.03
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_chiral_restr0.1170.1
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_singtor_nbd0.1690.3
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_multtor_nbd0.2760.3
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_xhyhbond_nbd
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_xyhbond_nbd0.1010.3
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_planar_tor67
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_staggered_tor12.915
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_orthonormal_tor
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_transverse_tor16.620
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONp_special_tor
Software
*PLUS
Name: REFMAC / Classification: refinement
Refinement
*PLUS
Rfactor obs: 0.159 / Highest resolution: 1.51 Å / Lowest resolution: 19.39 Å
Solvent computation
*PLUS
Displacement parameters
*PLUS

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