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TitleEvolution of a core ribosomal innovation in octopus.
Journal, issue, pagesbioRxiv, Year 2026
Publish dateJun 26, 2026
AuthorsRishav Mitra / Richard Han / Trey J Scott / Anik G Grearson / Jessica A Willi / Christina G Liu / Hyeongju Kim / Michael C Jewett / Nicholas W Bellono / Amy Sy Lee /
PubMed AbstractMuch of biology focuses on how genetic changes mediate new functions, but less attention is given to adaptations in other steps of the central dogma. Octopuses exhibit complex nervous systems and ...Much of biology focuses on how genetic changes mediate new functions, but less attention is given to adaptations in other steps of the central dogma. Octopuses exhibit complex nervous systems and sophisticated behaviors that rival vertebrates, but via an entirely divergent evolutionary history. Here, we serendipitously discovered that octopus ribosomes contain a structural break in the core ribosomal RNA that is unique among all animals. This break site enhances translation fidelity to reduce miscoding and subsequent protein aggregation, even when engineered into evolutionarily distant bacterial ribosomes. Furthermore, high fidelity translation by octopus ribosomes supports proteomic stability during extensive RNA editing observed in cephalopods, suggesting synergy between distinct non-canonical modes of gene regulation. This adaptation emerged in recently derived octopuses with expanded nervous systems, thereby revealing a mechanism that could broadly support the evolution of novel organismal traits.
External linksbioRxiv / PubMed:42395388 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.1 - 3.3 Å
Structure data

EMDB-48049: Octopus ribosome, empty 80S
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.2 Å

EMDB-48050: Octopus ribosome, 60S (multibody)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

EMDB-48051: Octopus ribosome, 40S (multibody)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.3 Å

EMDB-48061, PDB-9eho:
Octopus ribosome, hybrid 80S
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-SPD:
SPERMIDINE

ChemComp-ZN:
Unknown entry

Source
  • octopus (invertebrata)
KeywordsRIBOSOME / Octopus ribosone

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