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TitleNeutralizing antibodies reveal cryptic vulnerabilities and interdomain crosstalk in the porcine deltacoronavirus spike protein.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 15, Issue 1, Page 5330, Year 2024
Publish dateJun 22, 2024
AuthorsWenjuan Du / Oliver Debski-Antoniak / Dubravka Drabek / Rien van Haperen / Melissa van Dortmondt / Joline van der Lee / Ieva Drulyte / Frank J M van Kuppeveld / Frank Grosveld / Daniel L Hurdiss / Berend-Jan Bosch /
PubMed AbstractPorcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric pathogen that has recently been detected in humans. Despite this zoonotic concern, the antigenic structure of PDCoV remains unknown. The virus ...Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric pathogen that has recently been detected in humans. Despite this zoonotic concern, the antigenic structure of PDCoV remains unknown. The virus relies on its spike (S) protein for cell entry, making it a prime target for neutralizing antibodies. Here, we generate and characterize a set of neutralizing antibodies targeting the S protein, shedding light on PDCoV S interdomain crosstalk and its vulnerable sites. Among the four identified antibodies, one targets the S1A domain, causing local and long-range conformational changes, resulting in partial exposure of the S1B domain. The other antibodies bind the S1B domain, disrupting binding to aminopeptidase N (APN), the entry receptor for PDCoV. Notably, the epitopes of these S1B-targeting antibodies are concealed in the prefusion S trimer conformation, highlighting the necessity for conformational changes for effective antibody binding. The binding footprint of one S1B binder entirely overlaps with APN-interacting residues and thus targets a highly conserved epitope. These findings provide structural insights into the humoral immune response against the PDCoV S protein, potentially guiding vaccine and therapeutic development for this zoonotic pathogen.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:38909062 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.9 - 3.1 Å
Structure data

EMDB-19014, PDB-8r9w:
PDCoV spike glycoprotein ectodomain in complex with the 22C10 antibody Fab fragment
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

EMDB-19015, PDB-8r9x:
Local refinement of the PDCoV spike glycoprotein ectodomain in complex with the 22C10 antibody Fab fragment
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

EMDB-19016, PDB-8r9y:
S1B domain of the PDCoV spike glycoprotein in complex with the 67B12 and 42H3 antibody Fab fragments
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

EMDB-19017, PDB-8r9z:
S1B domain of the PDCoV spike glycoprotein in complex with the 67B12 and 46E6 antibody Fab fragments
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.9 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • deltacoronavirus
  • porcine deltacoronavirus
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / Spike / coronavirus / antibody / complex / PDCoV / RBD / S1B

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