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TitleVisualization of clustered protocadherin neuronal self-recognition complexes.
Journal, issue, pagesNature, Vol. 569, Issue 7755, Page 280-283, Year 2019
Publish dateApr 10, 2019
AuthorsJulia Brasch / Kerry M Goodman / Alex J Noble / Micah Rapp / Seetha Mannepalli / Fabiana Bahna / Venkata P Dandey / Tristan Bepler / Bonnie Berger / Tom Maniatis / Clinton S Potter / Bridget Carragher / Barry Honig / Lawrence Shapiro /
PubMed AbstractNeurite self-recognition and avoidance are fundamental properties of all nervous systems. These processes facilitate dendritic arborization, prevent formation of autapses and allow free interaction ...Neurite self-recognition and avoidance are fundamental properties of all nervous systems. These processes facilitate dendritic arborization, prevent formation of autapses and allow free interaction among non-self neurons. Avoidance among self neurites is mediated by stochastic cell-surface expression of combinations of about 60 isoforms of α-, β- and γ-clustered protocadherin that provide mammalian neurons with single-cell identities. Avoidance is observed between neurons that express identical protocadherin repertoires, and single-isoform differences are sufficient to prevent self-recognition. Protocadherins form isoform-promiscuous cis dimers and isoform-specific homophilic trans dimers. Although these interactions have previously been characterized in isolation, structures of full-length protocadherin ectodomains have not been determined, and how these two interfaces engage in self-recognition between neuronal surfaces remains unknown. Here we determine the molecular arrangement of full-length clustered protocadherin ectodomains in single-isoform self-recognition complexes, using X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron tomography. We determine the crystal structure of the clustered protocadherin γB4 ectodomain, which reveals a zipper-like lattice that is formed by alternating cis and trans interactions. Using cryo-electron tomography, we show that clustered protocadherin γB6 ectodomains tethered to liposomes spontaneously assemble into linear arrays at membrane contact sites, in a configuration that is consistent with the assembly observed in the crystal structure. These linear assemblies pack against each other as parallel arrays to form larger two-dimensional structures between membranes. Our results suggest that the formation of ordered linear assemblies by clustered protocadherins represents the initial self-recognition step in neuronal avoidance, and thus provide support for the isoform-mismatch chain-termination model of protocadherin-mediated self-recognition, which depends on these linear chains.
External linksNature / PubMed:30971825 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (subtomogram averaging) / EM (tomography) / X-ray diffraction
Resolution4.52 - 35.0 Å
Structure data

EMDB-9197:
Mouse Protocadherin gamma B6 dimer-of-dimers
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 35.0 Å

EMDB-9198:
Mouse Protocadherin gamma B6 on membranes
Method: EM (tomography)

EMDB-9199:
Mouse Protocadherin gamma B6 on membranes (energy filtered)
Method: EM (tomography)

EMDB-9200:
Mouse Protocadherin gamma B6 cis mutant V563D on membranes (energy filtered)
Method: EM (tomography)

PDB-6e6b:
Crystal structure of the Protocadherin GammaB4 extracellular domain
Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Resolution: 4.52 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-MAN:
alpha-D-mannopyranose

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

Source
  • Mus (mice)
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsCELL ADHESION / Cadherin / Polymer / Neuronal self-recognition / Neuronal self-avoidance

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