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TitleAnalysis of the heterogenous structural states of the hexameric ATPase PilU of the type IV pili from Vibrio cholerae.
Journal, issue, pagesProtein Sci, Vol. 35, Issue 6, Page e70609, Year 2026
Publish dateMay 5, 2026
AuthorsYirui Guo / Shantanu Shukla / George Minasov / Nicole L Inniss / Thomas Klose / Valerie L Tokars / Alfonso Mondragón / Zbyszek Otwinowski / Dominika Borek / Karla J F Satchell /
PubMed AbstractType IV pili (T4P) mediate surface motility, host interactions, and DNA uptake through cycles of extension and retraction. While the primary retraction ATPase PilT has been extensively characterized, ...Type IV pili (T4P) mediate surface motility, host interactions, and DNA uptake through cycles of extension and retraction. While the primary retraction ATPase PilT has been extensively characterized, its homolog PilU remains less well understood despite being demonstrated as a PilT-dependent retraction ATPase. Here, we determined six PilU structures by cryo-electron microscopy and x-ray crystallography. The structures reveal a homohexameric assembly stabilized by interactions between the C-terminal catalytic domain of one subunit and the N-terminal PAS-like domain of a neighboring subunit. PilU adopts multiple conformational states, exhibiting different combinations of open and closed interfaces even in the absence of nucleotide. Comparison with PilT highlights structural features that likely underlie PilU's weak ATPase activity and its dependence on PilT for function. Together, these findings provide a structural framework for understanding PilU's role within the T4P retraction machinery.
External linksProtein Sci / PubMed:42084485 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.44 - 3.76 Å
Structure data

75296

10my

EMDB-75296, PDB-10my:
Single particle reconstruction of PilU from Vibrio cholerae El Tor E7946, form 1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.44 Å

75297

10mz

EMDB-75297, PDB-10mz:
Single particle reconstruction of PilU from Vibrio cholerae El Tor E7946, form 2
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.68 Å

75298

10na

EMDB-75298, PDB-10na:
Single particle reconstruction of PilU from Vibrio cholerae El Tor E7946, form 3
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.49 Å

75299

10nb

EMDB-75299, PDB-10nb:
Single particle reconstruction of PilU from Vibrio cholerae El Tor E7946, form 4
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.76 Å

Source
  • vibrio cholerae (bacteria)
KeywordsMOTOR PROTEIN / Retraction ATPase / Structural Genomics / Center for Structural Biology of Infectious Diseases / CSBID

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