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TitleDistinct tau filament folds in familial frontotemporal dementia due to the S305I mutation.
Journal, issue, pagesbioRxiv, Year 2026
Publish dateFeb 15, 2026
AuthorsHenry S Pan / Gregory E Merz / Alissa Nana Li / Minh Quan Le / Hyunil Jo / Athena Quddus / Anthony Yung / Rian C Kormos / Arthur A Melo / Eliana Marisa Ramos / Argentina Lario Lago / Salvatore Spina / Lea T Grinberg / Howard J Rosen / Eric Tse / Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini / William F DeGrado / William W Seeley / Daniel R Southworth
PubMed AbstractFrontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau inclusions (FTLD-tau) comprise a class of fatal heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases. Approximately 10% arise from pathogenic MAPT mutations and often ...Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau inclusions (FTLD-tau) comprise a class of fatal heterogeneous neurodegenerative diseases. Approximately 10% arise from pathogenic MAPT mutations and often cause severe, early-onset disease with pathology that is distinct yet partially overlapping with sporadic cases. Here, we evaluated post-mortem tissue from a patient with FTLD-tau due to S305I showing neuropathology most consistent with argyrophilic grain disease (AGD), a prevalent limbic tauopathy of aging. Structures determined by cryo-electron microscopy reveal tau filament folds that differ from those found in sporadic AGD or other tauopathies and feature a 4-layer architecture stabilized by the Ile substitution within its core. Comparative structural analysis reveals conserved motifs are shared among AGD, corticobasal degeneration, and P301T. A well-defined density stacks along a cationic cleft, indicative of a bound RNA-like polyanion or small-molecule. analysis shows the S305I mutation promotes fibrilization relative to normal tau. These results demonstrate that stabilizes a distinct aggregation-prone tau fold that likely contributes to disease pathology and heterogeneity beyond its known splicing defects, and underscore potential limitations of using the most pathologically similar genetic form as a model for sporadic FTLD-tau.
External linksbioRxiv / PubMed:41726928 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (helical sym.)
Resolution3.1 - 3.2 Å
Structure data

EMDB-75195, PDB-10ij:
S305I Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) type I tau filament
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

EMDB-75196, PDB-10ik:
S305I Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) type II tau filament
Method: EM (helical sym.) / Resolution: 3.2 Å

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
KeywordsPROTEIN FIBRIL / tau / MAPT / FTD / FTLD / amyloid / neurodegeneration

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