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TitleMolecular exaptation by the integrin αI domain.
Journal, issue, pagesSci Adv, Vol. 11, Issue 37, Page eadx9567, Year 2025
Publish dateSep 12, 2025
AuthorsJeremy A Hollis / Matthew C Chan / Harmit S Malik / Melody G Campbell /
PubMed AbstractIntegrins bind ligands between their alpha (α) and beta (β) subunits and transmit signals through conformational changes. Early in chordate evolution, some α subunits acquired an "inserted" (I) ...Integrins bind ligands between their alpha (α) and beta (β) subunits and transmit signals through conformational changes. Early in chordate evolution, some α subunits acquired an "inserted" (I) domain that expanded integrin's ligand-binding repertoire but obstructed the ancestral ligand pocket, seemingly blocking conventional integrin activation. Here, we compare cryo-electron microscopy structures of apo and ligand-bound states of the I domain-containing αEβ integrin and the I domain-lacking αβ integrin to illuminate how the I domain intrinsically mimics an extrinsic ligand to preserve integrin function. We trace the I domain's evolutionary origin to an ancestral collagen-collagen interaction domain, identifying an ancient molecular exaptation that facilitated integrin activation immediately upon I domain insertion. Our analyses reveal the evolutionary and biochemical basis of expanded cellular communication in vertebrates.
External linksSci Adv / PubMed:40929264 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.92 - 3.37 Å
Structure data

EMDB-71399, PDB-9p95:
CryoEM structure of integrin alpha4beta7 bound to MAdCAM-1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.05 Å

EMDB-71400, PDB-9p96:
CryoEM structure of the apo integrin alpha4beta7
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

EMDB-71401, PDB-9p97:
CryoEM structure of the closed integrin alphaEbeta7 bound to fab LF61
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.92 Å

EMDB-71402, PDB-9p98:
CryoEM structure of the open integrin alphaEbeta7 bound to fab LF61
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.93 Å

EMDB-71403, PDB-9p99:
CryoEM structure of integrin alphaEbeta7 bound to E-cadherin
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.37 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-MN:
Unknown entry

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsCELL ADHESION / a4b7 / gut adhesion / lymphocyte homing / membrane receptor / aEb7 / tissue residence

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