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TitleStructural basis for plasticity in receptor engagement by an encephalitic alphavirus.
Journal, issue, pagesCell, Vol. 188, Issue 11, Page 2943-2956.e24, Year 2025
Publish dateMay 29, 2025
AuthorsSaravanan Raju / Sathvik Palakurty / Alan Sariol / Ngan Wagoner / Lucas J Adams / Sean Hui / William B Klimstra / Daved H Fremont / Michael S Diamond /
PubMed AbstractThe structural basis for shifts in receptor usage remains poorly understood despite the implications for virus adaptation and emergence. Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) strains exhibit ...The structural basis for shifts in receptor usage remains poorly understood despite the implications for virus adaptation and emergence. Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) strains exhibit different patterns of engagement for two of their entry receptors: very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and protocadherin 10 (PCDH10). Using structural and functional studies, we show that while all WEEV strains have a lipoprotein class A (LA) domain binding site near the E1 fusion loop, VLDLR engagement requires a second binding site in E2 that can vary with single nucleotide substitutions. We also resolve a structure of PCDH10 bound to WEEV, which reveals interactions near the E1 fusion loop with residues that also mediate LA domain binding. Evolutionary analysis enabled the generation of a PCDH10 decoy that protects in vivo against all WEEV strains tested. Our experiments demonstrate how viruses can engage multiple receptors using shared determinants, which likely impacts cellular tropism and virulence.
External linksCell / PubMed:40187344
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.06 - 4.51 Å
Structure data

EMDB-47775, PDB-9e96:
WEEV CBA87 VLP in complex with human PCDH10-EC1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.05 Å

EMDB-47821, PDB-9e9y:
WEEV McMillan VLP in complex with VLDLR LA(1-2)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.96 Å

EMDB-47822, PDB-9e9z:
SINV-WEEV Fleming in complex with VLDLR LA(1-2)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.95 Å

EMDB-47846, PDB-9eau:
RRV DKTA VLP in complex with VLDLR-LBD-Fc
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.06 Å

EMDB-49104: WEEV McMillan VLP in complex with VLDLR-LBD-Fc ASU
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 4.51 Å

EMDB-49105: WEEV McMillan VLP Apo
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.69 Å

EMDB-49106: SINV-WEEV Fleming in complex with VLDLR-LBD-Fc ASU
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.79 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

Source
  • western equine encephalitis virus
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • ross river virus (strain t48)
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / Alphavirus Receptor / VIRUS

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