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TitleA Structurally Characterized Evolutionary Escape Route from Treatment with the Antibiotic Linezolid.
Journal, issue, pagesMicrobiol Spectr, Vol. 10, Issue 4, Page e0058322, Year 2022
Publish dateAug 31, 2022
AuthorsLaura Perlaza-Jiménez / Kher-Shing Tan / Sarah J Piper / Rachel M Johnson / Rebecca S Bamert / Christopher J Stubenrauch / Alexander Wright / David Lupton / Trevor Lithgow / Matthew J Belousoff /
PubMed AbstractMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterial pathogen that presents great health concerns. Treatment requires the use of last-line antibiotics, such as members of the ...Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterial pathogen that presents great health concerns. Treatment requires the use of last-line antibiotics, such as members of the oxazolidinone family, of which linezolid is the first member to see regular use in the clinic. Here, we report a short time scale selection experiment in which strains of MRSA were subjected to linezolid treatment. Clonal isolates which had evolved a linezolid-resistant phenotype were characterized by whole-genome sequencing. Linezolid-resistant mutants were identified which had accumulated mutations in the ribosomal protein uL3. Multiple clones which had two mutations in uL3 exhibited resistance to linezolid, 2-fold higher than the clinical breakpoint. Ribosomes from this strain were isolated and subjected to single-particle cryo-electron microscopic analysis and compared to the ribosomes from the parent strain. We found that the mutations in uL3 lead to a rearrangement of a loop that makes contact with Helix 90, propagating a structural change over 15 Å away. This distal change swings nucleotide U2504 into the binding site of the antibiotic, causing linezolid resistance. Antibiotic resistance poses a critical problem to human health and decreases the utility of these lifesaving drugs. Of particular concern is the "superbug" methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), for which treatment of infection requires the use of last-line antibiotics, including linezolid. In this paper, we characterize the atomic rearrangements which the ribosome, the target of linezolid, undergoes during its evolutionary journey toward becoming drug resistant. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we describe a particular molecular mechanism which MRSA uses to become resistant to linezolid.
External linksMicrobiol Spectr / PubMed:35736238 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.9 - 3.0 Å
Structure data

26124

7ttu

EMDB-26124, PDB-7ttu:
50S ribosomal subunit from Staphylococcus aureus (Strain ATCC43300)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

26125

7ttw

EMDB-26125, PDB-7ttw:
50S ribosomal subunit from Staphylococcus aureus containing double mutation in uL3 imparting linezolid resistance
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.9 Å

Source
  • staphylococcus aureus (bacteria)
KeywordsRIBOSOME / 50S subunit / antibiotic resistance / linezolid

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