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Structure paper

TitleMolecular basis of CXC chemokine receptor 3 ligand multispecificity.
Journal, issue, pagesSci Adv, Vol. 12, Issue 16, Page eadz3767, Year 2026
Publish dateApr 17, 2026
AuthorsAlexandre Bouyssou / Dawei Sun / Tricia Zhou / Shannon Smith / Hoangdung Ho / Matthew Johnson / Caleigh Azumaya / Sigrid Noreng / Peter Liu / Shu Ti / Prajakta Joshi / Christine Tam / Ying Yang / Eric Janezic / Laëtitia Comps-Agrar / Matthieu Masureel /
PubMed AbstractC-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) is essential for immune cell functions and pivotal in T helper 1 cell infiltration in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases and in tumor proliferation ...C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) is essential for immune cell functions and pivotal in T helper 1 cell infiltration in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases and in tumor proliferation and metastasis, but the mechanisms by which the endogenous ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 differentially recognize and activate CXCR3 are not fully understood. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of all three chemokine-CXCR3-G complexes, complemented by cell binding studies and functional mutagenesis data. We systematically compare the pharmacological and interaction profiles of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 to rationalize their varying efficacies and potencies and to reveal the critical role of the membrane-distal CXCR3 N terminus in ligand binding and signaling. Using chimeric chemokines and molecular dynamics, we reveal the signaling plasticity of chemokine ligands and signaling determinants. Together, these insights enable us to propose a multimodal binding and activation framework that explains CXCR3 chemokine ligand multispecificity and signaling versatility and offer tools to interrogate and modulate CXCR3 biology.
External linksSci Adv / PubMed:41996512 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.95 - 3.5 Å
Structure data

EMDB-71075: Consensus map of CXCL9-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.13 Å

EMDB-71077: Focused map of CXCL9-CXCR3
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

EMDB-71078: Focused map of Gi-scFv16 (components of CXCL9-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.08 Å

71079

9p0k

EMDB-71079, PDB-9p0k:
Composite map of CXCL9-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

71080

9p0l

EMDB-71080, PDB-9p0l:
Composite map of CXCL10-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

71081

9p0m

EMDB-71081, PDB-9p0m:
Composite map of CXCL11-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.95 Å

EMDB-71082: consensus map of CXCL11-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.22 Å

EMDB-71083: Focused map of CXCL11-CXCR3 (components of CXCL11-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.29 Å

EMDB-71084: Focused map of Gi_scFv16 (components of CXCL11-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.99 Å

EMDB-71085: consensus map of CXCL10-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.17 Å

EMDB-71086: Focused map of CXCL10-CXCR3 (components of CXCL10-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.27 Å

EMDB-71087: Focused map of Gi-scFv16 (components of CXCL10-CXCR3-Gi-scFv16)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.03 Å

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • mus musculus (house mouse)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / GPCR / chemokine receptor / IMMUNE SYSTEM

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