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TitleStepwise activation mechanism of the scramblase nhTMEM16 revealed by cryo-EM.
Journal, issue, pagesElife, Vol. 8, Year 2019
Publish dateFeb 21, 2019
AuthorsValeria Kalienkova / Vanessa Clerico Mosina / Laura Bryner / Gert T Oostergetel / Raimund Dutzler / Cristina Paulino /
PubMed AbstractScramblases catalyze the movement of lipids between both leaflets of a bilayer. Whereas the X-ray structure of the protein nhTMEM16 has previously revealed the architecture of a Ca-dependent lipid ...Scramblases catalyze the movement of lipids between both leaflets of a bilayer. Whereas the X-ray structure of the protein nhTMEM16 has previously revealed the architecture of a Ca-dependent lipid scramblase, its regulation mechanism has remained elusive. Here, we have used cryo-electron microscopy and functional assays to address this question. Ca-bound and Ca-free conformations of nhTMEM16 in detergent and lipid nanodiscs illustrate the interactions with its environment and they reveal the conformational changes underlying its activation. In this process, Ca binding induces a stepwise transition of the catalytic subunit cavity, converting a closed cavity that is shielded from the membrane in the absence of ligand, into a polar furrow that becomes accessible to lipid headgroups in the Ca-bound state. Additionally, our structures demonstrate how nhTMEM16 distorts the membrane at both entrances of the subunit cavity, thereby decreasing the energy barrier for lipid movement.
External linksElife / PubMed:30785398 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution3.6 - 3.8 Å
Structure data

4587

6qm4

EMDB-4587, PDB-6qm4:
Cryo-EM structure of calcium-free nhTMEM16 lipid scramblase in nanodisc
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.8 Å

4588

6qm5

EMDB-4588, PDB-6qm5:
Cryo-EM structure of calcium-bound nhTMEM16 lipid scramblase in DDM
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

4589

6qm6

EMDB-4589, PDB-6qm6:
Cryo-EM structure of calcium-free nhTMEM16 lipid scramblase in DDM
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.7 Å

4592

6qm9

EMDB-4592, PDB-6qm9:
Cryo-EM structure of calcium-bound nhTMEM16 lipid scramblase in nanodisc (open state)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

4593

6qma

EMDB-4593, PDB-6qma:
Cryo-EM structure of calcium-bound nhTMEM16 lipid scramblase in nanodisc (intermediate state)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.7 Å

4594

6qmb

EMDB-4594, PDB-6qmb:
Cryo-EM structure of calcium-bound nhTMEM16 lipid scramblase in nanodisc (closed state)
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

Source
  • Nectria haematococca mpVI 77-13-4 (fungus)
  • nectria haematococca (fungus)
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / lipid scrambles / TMEM16

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