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TitleMechanism of bacterial predation via ixotrophy.
Journal, issue, pagesScience, Vol. 386, Issue 6719, Page eadp0614, Year 2024
Publish dateOct 18, 2024
AuthorsYun-Wei Lien / Davide Amendola / Kang Soo Lee / Nina Bartlau / Jingwei Xu / Go Furusawa / Martin F Polz / Roman Stocker / Gregor L Weiss / Martin Pilhofer /
PubMed AbstractIxotrophy is a contact-dependent predatory strategy of filamentous bacteria in aquatic environments for which the molecular mechanism remains unknown. We show that predator-prey contact can be ...Ixotrophy is a contact-dependent predatory strategy of filamentous bacteria in aquatic environments for which the molecular mechanism remains unknown. We show that predator-prey contact can be established by gliding motility or extracellular assemblages we call "grappling hooks." Cryo-electron microscopy identified the grappling hooks as heptamers of a type IX secretion system substrate. After close predator-prey contact is established, cryo-electron tomography and functional assays showed that puncturing by a type VI secretion system mediated killing. Single-cell analyses with stable isotope-labeled prey revealed that prey components are taken up by the attacker. Depending on nutrient availability, insertion sequence elements toggle the activity of ixotrophy. A marine metagenomic time series shows coupled dynamics of ixotrophic bacteria and prey. We found that the mechanism of ixotrophy involves multiple cellular machineries, is conserved, and may shape microbial populations in the environment.
External linksScience / PubMed:39418385
MethodsEM (tomography) / EM (single particle) / EM (subtomogram averaging)
Resolution3.4 - 43.0 Å
Structure data

EMDB-50531: Cryo-electron tomogram of Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (tomography)

EMDB-50533: Cryo-electron tomogram of cryoFIB-milled Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1 mixed with Vibrio campbellii
Method: EM (tomography)

50537

9flp

EMDB-50537, PDB-9flp:
CryoEM structure of the neck (1403-2314) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.8 Å

50538

9fls

EMDB-50538, PDB-9fls:
CryoEM structure of the fragment-3 (2061-2397) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

50539

9flu

EMDB-50539, PDB-9flu:
CryoEM structure of the fragment-1 (3402-3733) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

50540

9flv

EMDB-50540, PDB-9flv:
CryoEM structure of the fragment-5 (2393-2807) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

50541

9flw

EMDB-50541, PDB-9flw:
CryoEM structure of the fragment-6 (3571-4078) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.7 Å

50542

9flx

EMDB-50542, PDB-9flx:
CryoEM structure of the fragment-4 (4074-4421) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.6 Å

50543

9fly

EMDB-50543, PDB-9fly:
CryoEM structure of the base (4151-5009) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.7 Å

EMDB-50544: Cryo-electron tomogram of cryoFIB-milled Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1 and Vibrio campbellii
Method: EM (tomography)

EMDB-50548: cryo-electron tomogram of Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (tomography)

EMDB-50551: Cryo-electron tomogram of cryoFIB-milled Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1 and Vibrio campbellii
Method: EM (tomography)

EMDB-50554: Subtomogram averaging of the extracellular antenna in closed state of a type 6 secretion system in Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 35.0 Å

EMDB-50555: subtomogram averaging of antenna in open state of a type 6 secretion in Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 43.0 Å

EMDB-50556: subtomogram averaging of the baseplate of a type 6 secretion system in Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 30.0 Å

EMDB-50557: subtomogram averaging of the trans-envelope complex of a type 6 secretion system of Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 30.0 Å

EMDB-50558: Subtomogram average of the distal hook region of the extracellular grappling hooks in Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (subtomogram averaging) / Resolution: 35.0 Å

51127

9g8b

EMDB-51127, PDB-9g8b:
CryoEM structure of the fragment-2 (2892-3236) in the grappling hook protein A (GhpA) in the bacterium Aureispira sp. CCB-QB1
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

Source
  • Aureispira sp. (bacteria)
  • aureispira sp. ccb-qb1 (bacteria)
KeywordsCELL ADHESION / ixotrophy / type 9 secretion system / cryoEM / surface protein / predation

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