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Structure paper

TitleStructural basis for membrane attack complex inhibition by CD59.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Commun, Vol. 14, Issue 1, Page 890, Year 2023
Publish dateFeb 16, 2023
AuthorsEmma C Couves / Scott Gardner / Tomas B Voisin / Jasmine K Bickel / Phillip J Stansfeld / Edward W Tate / Doryen Bubeck /
PubMed AbstractCD59 is an abundant immuno-regulatory receptor that protects human cells from damage during complement activation. Here we show how the receptor binds complement proteins C8 and C9 at the membrane to ...CD59 is an abundant immuno-regulatory receptor that protects human cells from damage during complement activation. Here we show how the receptor binds complement proteins C8 and C9 at the membrane to prevent insertion and polymerization of membrane attack complex (MAC) pores. We present cryo-electron microscopy structures of two inhibited MAC precursors known as C5b8 and C5b9. We discover that in both complexes, CD59 binds the pore-forming β-hairpins of C8 to form an intermolecular β-sheet that prevents membrane perforation. While bound to C8, CD59 deflects the cascading C9 β-hairpins, rerouting their trajectory into the membrane. Preventing insertion of C9 restricts structural transitions of subsequent monomers and indirectly halts MAC polymerization. We combine our structural data with cellular assays and molecular dynamics simulations to explain how the membrane environment impacts the dual roles of CD59 in controlling pore formation of MAC, and as a target of bacterial virulence factors which hijack CD59 to lyse human cells.
External linksNat Commun / PubMed:36797260 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.9 - 3.4 Å
Structure data

15779

8b0f

EMDB-15779, PDB-8b0f:
CryoEM structure of C5b8-CD59
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.0 Å

15780

8b0g

EMDB-15780, PDB-8b0g:
2C9, C5b9-CD59 structure
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.3 Å

15781

8b0h

EMDB-15781, PDB-8b0h:
2C9, C5b9-CD59 cryoEM structure
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.3 Å

EMDB-15782: 2C9, C5b9-CD59 cryoEM structure; focus refinement map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.4 Å

EMDB-15783: 3C9, C5b9-CD59 cryoEM structure; focus refinement map
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.1 Å

EMDB-15800: CryoEM reconstruction of C5b8-CD59, density subtracted
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.9 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-CA:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-Acetylglucosamine

Source
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • escherichia coli (E. coli)
  • human (human)
KeywordsIMMUNE SYSTEM / Complement / inhibitor / complex / pore-forming / MEMBRANE PROTEIN / CD59 / MAC

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