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Yorodumi- PDB-9zoh: Cryo-EM structure of the complete Sulfolobus acidocaldarius RNA p... -
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Open data
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Basic information
| Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 9zoh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Title | Cryo-EM structure of the complete Sulfolobus acidocaldarius RNA polymerase in open clamp conformation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components | (DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ...) x 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Keywords | TRANSCRIPTION / RNA polymerase / Conformations / Promoter loading / Crenarchaea | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology informationDNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I / tRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III / transcription by RNA polymerase I / iron-sulfur cluster binding / DNA-templated transcription initiation / transcription by RNA polymerase II / ribonucleoside binding / DNA-directed RNA polymerase / DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity ...DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I / tRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III / transcription by RNA polymerase I / iron-sulfur cluster binding / DNA-templated transcription initiation / transcription by RNA polymerase II / ribonucleoside binding / DNA-directed RNA polymerase / DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity / protein dimerization activity / nucleotide binding / magnesium ion binding / DNA-templated transcription / DNA binding / zinc ion binding / cytoplasm Similarity search - Function | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biological species | ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.87 Å | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Fordjour, G.N.R. / Armache, J.-P. / Murakami, K.S. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Funding support | United States, 1items
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Citation | Journal: J Biol Chem / Year: 2026Title: Clamp conformational flexibility and dynamics in archaeal and eukaryotic RNA polymerases revealed by cryo-EM. Authors: George N R Fordjour / Leon Palao / Kenji Murakami / Jean-Paul Armache / Katsuhiko S Murakami / ![]() Abstract: All cellular RNA polymerases (RNAPs) across Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya share a conserved catalytic core, yet bacterial and archaeal-eukaryotic RNAPs diverged after separation from the last ...All cellular RNA polymerases (RNAPs) across Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya share a conserved catalytic core, yet bacterial and archaeal-eukaryotic RNAPs diverged after separation from the last universal common ancestor. This evolutionary split produced distinct subunit compositions and fundamentally different requirements for external factors during transcription initiation. Bacterial RNAP relies on a σ factor, whereas archaeal-eukaryotic RNAPs require a more extensive set of general transcription factors (GTFs) to bind promoter DNA, unwind the duplex, and position the template strand within the active site cleft. Notably, despite the close structural similarity between archaeal and eukaryotic RNAPs, the requirement for GTFs became further specialized after the emergence of Eukarya. This divergence raises the question of whether differences in intrinsic conformational flexibility and dynamics of these RNAPs contribute to distinct promoter-loading pathways. In this study, we addressed this question using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to examine archaeal RNAPs from Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota alongside yeast RNAP II. Archaeal RNAP displays a highly dynamic DNA binding clamp domain that samples a broad spectrum of open and closed states, whereas RNAP II predominantly adopts a closed clamp state. Both archaeal and eukaryotic RNAPs can be found in stalk-bound and stalk-less forms. Comparative structural analyses further reveal a unique conformational transition in crenarchaeal RNAP associated with clamp opening. Together, these findings define the intrinsic clamp-conformational landscapes across the archaeal-eukaryotic lineage and suggest that evolutionary tuning of clamp flexibility and dynamics contributes to distinct GTF-dependent promoter-loading mechanisms. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Structure visualization
| Structure viewer | Molecule: Molmil Jmol/JSmol |
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Downloads & links
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Download
| PDBx/mmCIF format | 9zoh.cif.gz | 733 KB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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| PDB format | pdb9zoh.ent.gz | 494.9 KB | Display | PDB format |
| PDBx/mmJSON format | 9zoh.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
| Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
| Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/zo/9zoh ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/zo/9zoh | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 74496MC ![]() 36roC ![]() 36rpC ![]() 36rsC ![]() 9zo4C ![]() 9zo5C ![]() 9zofC ![]() 9zpkC ![]() 9zplC M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
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Assembly
| Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
-DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ... , 13 types, 13 molecules ABCEGHKLNYDPF
| #1: Protein | Mass: 99929.055 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P11512, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
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| #2: Protein | Mass: 126647.102 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P11513, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #3: Protein | Mass: 44507.430 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P11514, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #4: Protein | Mass: 20496.750 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P39466, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #5: Protein | Mass: 14463.877 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: Q4JAY4, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #6: Protein | Mass: 9477.059 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P11521, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #7: Protein | Mass: 10251.990 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P39463, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #8: Protein | Mass: 10061.791 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P46217, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #9: Protein | Mass: 7673.108 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P39472, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #10: Protein | Mass: 12331.662 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: Q4JAJ6, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #11: Protein | Mass: 29858.752 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: P39471, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #12: Protein/peptide | Mass: 5662.912 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: Q4JAE8, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
| #13: Protein | Mass: 13070.987 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source Source: (natural) ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)References: UniProt: Q4JB12, DNA-directed RNA polymerase |
-Non-polymers , 2 types, 6 molecules 


| #14: Chemical | ChemComp-ZN / #15: Chemical | ChemComp-SF4 / | |
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-Details
| Has ligand of interest | N |
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| Has protein modification | Y |
-Experimental details
-Experiment
| Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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| EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
| Component | Name: RNA polymerase / Type: ORGANELLE OR CELLULAR COMPONENT / Entity ID: #1-#13 / Source: NATURAL |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: ![]() Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic) |
| Buffer solution | pH: 8 |
| Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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| Microscopy | Model: FEI TALOS ARCTICA |
| Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 200 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
| Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: -2400 nm / Nominal defocus min: -1000 nm |
| Image recording | Electron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) |
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Processing
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| CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.87 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 81025 / Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refinement | Cross valid method: NONE Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Displacement parameters | Biso mean: 118.68 Å2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (acidophilic)
United States, 1items
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FIELD EMISSION GUN