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- PDB-9yck: Cryo-EM structure of MERS-CoV nsp10-nsp14 (E191A) in complex with... -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9yck
TitleCryo-EM structure of MERS-CoV nsp10-nsp14 (E191A) in complex with T20P15 RNA, monomeric form
Components
  • Guanine-N7 methyltransferase nsp14
  • RNA (39-MER)
  • Replicase polyprotein 1ab
KeywordsViral Protein/RNA / MERS-CoV / exoribonuclease / proofreading / coronavirus / RNA / VIRAL PROTEIN / Viral Protein-RNA complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


host cell membrane / Lyases; Phosphorus-oxygen lyases / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment / 5'-3' DNA helicase activity / endonuclease activity / 3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activity / symbiont-mediated degradation of host mRNA / mRNA guanylyltransferase / symbiont-mediated suppression of host ISG15-protein conjugation ...host cell membrane / Lyases; Phosphorus-oxygen lyases / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment / 5'-3' DNA helicase activity / endonuclease activity / 3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activity / symbiont-mediated degradation of host mRNA / mRNA guanylyltransferase / symbiont-mediated suppression of host ISG15-protein conjugation / G-quadruplex RNA binding / omega peptidase activity / mRNA (guanine-N7)-methyltransferase / methyltransferase cap1 / symbiont-mediated suppression of host NF-kappaB cascade / DNA helicase / symbiont-mediated perturbation of host ubiquitin-like protein modification / methyltransferase cap1 activity / ubiquitinyl hydrolase 1 / cysteine-type deubiquitinase activity / mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Cysteine endopeptidases / RNA helicase activity / single-stranded RNA binding / regulation of autophagy / viral protein processing / lyase activity / host cell perinuclear region of cytoplasm / RNA helicase / symbiont-mediated suppression of host type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway / symbiont-mediated suppression of host gene expression / viral translational frameshifting / symbiont-mediated activation of host autophagy / RNA-directed RNA polymerase / cysteine-type endopeptidase activity / viral RNA genome replication / RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity / DNA-templated transcription / ATP hydrolysis activity / proteolysis / zinc ion binding / ATP binding / membrane
Similarity search - Function
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Non-structural protein 2, MERS-CoV-like / NSP3, SUD-C domain, MERS-CoV-like / AAA domain / Nonstructural protein 14, betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal domain, alpha/beta-coronavirus / NSP14, guanine-N7-methyltransferase domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) guanine-N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 N-terminal oligomerization domain profile. ...RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Non-structural protein 2, MERS-CoV-like / NSP3, SUD-C domain, MERS-CoV-like / AAA domain / Nonstructural protein 14, betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal domain, alpha/beta-coronavirus / NSP14, guanine-N7-methyltransferase domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) guanine-N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 N-terminal oligomerization domain profile. / NSP12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, coronavirus / : / Coronavirus Nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp12 Interface domain profile. / : / : / Coronavirus Nonstructural protein 13, 1B domain / Coronavirus Non-structural protein 13, zinc-binding domain / Coronavirus Nonstructural protein 13, stalk domain / Nidovirus 2-O-methyltransferase / Nidovirus 2'-O-methyltransferase (2'-O-MTase) domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP15, N-terminal domain superfamily, coronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP15, middle domain superfamily / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, N-terminal oligomerization / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, coronavirus / Nonstructural protein 13, 1B domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, middle domain / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, N-terminal oligomerisation / Nidovirus 3'-5' exoribonuclease domain / Nidovirus 3'-5' exoribonuclease (ExoN) domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP16, coronavirus-like / Non-structural protein 14, coronavirus / RNA polymerase, N-terminal, coronavirus / Coronavirus 2'-O-methyltransferase / Coronavirus proofreading exoribonuclease / Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, N-terminal / Nonstructural protein 13, zinc-binding domain, coronavirus-like / Coronaviridae zinc-binding (CV ZBD) domain profile. / Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/Coronavirus NSP15 middle domain / Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/coronavirus NSP15 middle (AV-Nsp11N/CoV-Nsp15M) domain profile. / Nidoviral uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU) domain profile. / Nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyl transferase (NiRAN) domain / Nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyl transferase (NiRAN) domain profile. / Endoribonuclease EndoU-like / NendoU domain, nidovirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, uridylate-specific endoribonuclease / : / DNA2/NAM7 helicase-like, C-terminal / AAA domain / (+) RNA virus helicase core domain / (+)RNA virus helicase core domain profile. / Betacoronavirus single-stranded poly(A) binding domain / Betacoronavirus Nsp3c-M domain profile. / NSP1, globular domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-M domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-M domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus replicase NSP1 / NSP1, C-terminal domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus (BetaCoV) Nsp1 C-terminal domain profile. / : / Betacoronavirus Nsp3e group 2-specific marker (G2M) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3c-C domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3e nucleic acid-binding (NAB) domain profile. / DPUP/SUD, C-terminal, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, nucleic acid-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3A domain-like superfamily / Non-structural protein NSP3, nucleic acid-binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein 6, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus nucleic acid-binding (NAB) / Papain-like viral protease, palm and finger domains, coronavirus / Papain-like protease, N-terminal domain superfamily, coronavirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP2, N-terminal / : / Coronavirus replicase NSP2, C-terminal / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 middle domain profile. / NSP1, globular domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp1 globular domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 N-terminal domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 C-terminal domain profile. / Nonstructural protein 2, N-terminal domain, coronavirus / Non-structural protein 2, C-terminal domain, coronavirus / NSP3, second ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus Nsp3a Ubl domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp3d Ubl domain profile. / NSP3, first ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain, coronavirus / Peptidase family C16 domain profile. / Coronavirus replicase NSP7 / : / : / Coronavirus 3Ecto domain profile. / Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) Nsp7 cofactor domain profile. / Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) Nsp8 cofactor domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp9 single-stranded RNA (ssRNA)-binding domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) ExoN/MTase coactivator domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp3 Y domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp4 C-terminal (Nsp4C) domain profile. / Coronavirus main protease (M-pro) domain profile. / Peptidase C30, coronavirus / Peptidase C16, coronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP9, coronavirus
Similarity search - Domain/homology
RNA / RNA (> 10) / Replicase polyprotein 1ab
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesMiddle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.8 Å
AuthorsYang, Y. / Liu, C.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)R35GM150607 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Structural and catalytic diversity of coronavirus proofreading exoribonuclease.
Authors: Yu Li / Xiaocong Cao / Lauren M Recker / Yang Yang / Chang Liu /
Abstract: The coronavirus proofreading exoribonuclease (ExoN) is essential for genome fidelity and immune evasion of the viruses. Despite its critical roles in the viral life cycle, it is unclear how ExoNs ...The coronavirus proofreading exoribonuclease (ExoN) is essential for genome fidelity and immune evasion of the viruses. Despite its critical roles in the viral life cycle, it is unclear how ExoNs across different coronaviruses diverge in their structures and catalytic properties, which may lead to differences in viral genome mutation rates and, consequently, viral fitness, immune evasion, and resistance to antiviral drugs. Here, we present comparative structural and biochemical analyses of ExoNs between two most representative human coronaviruses, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) from the merbecovirus subgenus and SARS-CoV-2 from the sarbecovirus subgenus. Our results reveal a markedly lower catalytic activity of ExoN from MERS-CoV than that from SARS-CoV-2. The molecular basis of such a divergence across the two coronaviruses is unveiled by the cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV ExoN in complex with RNA substrates bearing different 3'-end base pairs or mismatch, which represent the first set of ExoN structures from a coronavirus outside the sarbecovirus subgenus. Our findings also identify two highly conserved structural determinants that dictate efficient excision of different nucleotides at the 3' terminus of RNA substrates by coronavirus ExoNs, a property that is pivotal for their roles in both viral RNA proofreading and immune evasion.
History
DepositionSep 19, 2025Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Dec 24, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Dec 24, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Dec 24, 2025Data content type: Additional map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Additional map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
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Revision 1.0Dec 24, 2025Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Dec 24, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Replicase polyprotein 1ab
B: Guanine-N7 methyltransferase nsp14
C: RNA (39-MER)
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)86,9239
Polymers86,5713
Non-polymers3516
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein Replicase polyprotein 1ab / pp1ab / ORF1ab polyprotein


Mass: 14902.897 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
Gene: rep, 1a-1b / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: K9N7C7
#2: Protein Guanine-N7 methyltransferase nsp14 / ExoN / nsp14


Mass: 59190.184 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: E191A
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
Gene: rep, 1a-1b / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
References: UniProt: K9N7C7, mRNA (guanine-N7)-methyltransferase, Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
#3: RNA chain RNA (39-MER)


Mass: 12478.403 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically
Source: (synth.) Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
#4: Chemical
ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn
#5: Chemical ChemComp-MG / MAGNESIUM ION


Mass: 24.305 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Mg
Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: MERS-CoV nsp10-nsp14 (E191A) in complex with T20P15 RNA, monomeric form
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#3 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid mesh size: 200 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 296 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 130000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingElectron dose: 51.59 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter slit width: 20 eV

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARCparticle selection
2EPUimage acquisition
7ISOLDEmodel fitting
9cryoSPARCinitial Euler assignment
10cryoSPARCfinal Euler assignment
12cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
13PHENIX1.21_5207:model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.8 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 141301 / Num. of class averages: 1 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Space: REAL
Atomic model buildingPDB-ID: 7N0C

7n0c


Accession code: 7N0C / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0035874
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.5748141
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d11.5861127
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.042913
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.005934

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