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- PDB-9mc2: Cryo-EM structure of dopaminated Tau fibril -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9mc2
TitleCryo-EM structure of dopaminated Tau fibril
ComponentsMicrotubule-associated protein tau
KeywordsPROTEIN FIBRIL / Amyloid
Function / homology
Function and homology information


plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule / histone-dependent DNA binding / negative regulation of protein localization to mitochondrion / neurofibrillary tangle / microtubule lateral binding / axonal transport / tubulin complex / positive regulation of protein localization to synapse / phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate binding / generation of neurons ...plus-end-directed organelle transport along microtubule / histone-dependent DNA binding / negative regulation of protein localization to mitochondrion / neurofibrillary tangle / microtubule lateral binding / axonal transport / tubulin complex / positive regulation of protein localization to synapse / phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate binding / generation of neurons / rRNA metabolic process / axonal transport of mitochondrion / regulation of mitochondrial fission / axon development / regulation of chromosome organization / regulation of microtubule-based movement / central nervous system neuron development / intracellular distribution of mitochondria / minor groove of adenine-thymine-rich DNA binding / lipoprotein particle binding / microtubule polymerization / negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential / regulation of microtubule polymerization / dynactin binding / apolipoprotein binding / main axon / protein polymerization / axolemma / glial cell projection / Caspase-mediated cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins / regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization / negative regulation of mitochondrial fission / neurofibrillary tangle assembly / positive regulation of axon extension / regulation of cellular response to heat / synapse assembly / Activation of AMPK downstream of NMDARs / regulation of long-term synaptic depression / positive regulation of superoxide anion generation / positive regulation of protein localization / cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus / supramolecular fiber organization / cytoplasmic microtubule organization / regulation of calcium-mediated signaling / somatodendritic compartment / axon cytoplasm / positive regulation of microtubule polymerization / astrocyte activation / phosphatidylinositol binding / enzyme inhibitor activity / nuclear periphery / stress granule assembly / protein phosphatase 2A binding / regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization / cellular response to reactive oxygen species / Hsp90 protein binding / microglial cell activation / cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus / synapse organization / PKR-mediated signaling / regulation of synaptic plasticity / protein homooligomerization / response to lead ion / SH3 domain binding / microtubule cytoskeleton organization / memory / regulation of autophagy / cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule / neuron projection development / cell-cell signaling / single-stranded DNA binding / protein-folding chaperone binding / cellular response to heat / microtubule cytoskeleton / growth cone / actin binding / cell body / double-stranded DNA binding / protein-macromolecule adaptor activity / microtubule binding / sequence-specific DNA binding / dendritic spine / amyloid fibril formation / microtubule / learning or memory / neuron projection / membrane raft / axon / negative regulation of gene expression / neuronal cell body / DNA damage response / dendrite / protein kinase binding / enzyme binding / mitochondrion / DNA binding / RNA binding / extracellular region / identical protein binding / nucleus
Similarity search - Function
Microtubule-associated protein Tau / Microtubule associated protein, tubulin-binding repeat / Tau and MAP protein, tubulin-binding repeat / Tau and MAP proteins tubulin-binding repeat signature. / Tau and MAP proteins tubulin-binding repeat profile. / :
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Microtubule-associated protein tau
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / helical reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.55 Å
AuthorsLiu, Z. / Li, X. / Liu, C.
Funding support1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: J Am Chem Soc / Year: 2026
Title: Dopamine-Induced Tau Modification Prevents Pathological Phosphorylation and Generates a Distinct Fibril Polymorph.
Authors: Zhengtao Liu / Xiang Li / Qianwen Wang / Kaien Liu / Wen Zeng / Danni Li / Kun Zhao / Yeyang Ma / Houfang Long / Shengnan Zhang / Dan Li / Bo Sun / Weidong Le / Chu Wang / Zhuohao He / ...Authors: Zhengtao Liu / Xiang Li / Qianwen Wang / Kaien Liu / Wen Zeng / Danni Li / Kun Zhao / Yeyang Ma / Houfang Long / Shengnan Zhang / Dan Li / Bo Sun / Weidong Le / Chu Wang / Zhuohao He / Wenyan Kang / Weidi Xiao / Cong Liu /
Abstract: Amyloid aggregation of tau is the key pathological event in various tauopathies including Alzheimer's and Pick's disease. Recently, dopamination was identified to modify tau on cysteine, which ...Amyloid aggregation of tau is the key pathological event in various tauopathies including Alzheimer's and Pick's disease. Recently, dopamination was identified to modify tau on cysteine, which protects against tau pathology, yet its structural and functional consequences remain unclear. Here, we show that dopamination of the three-repeat (3R) tau fragment K19 alleviates disease-associated tau phosphorylation and alters the tau fibril structure. Solution NMR analysis reveals that dopamine modification at Cys322 of tau suppresses phosphorylation at several pathogenic sites across the microtubule-binding region. Dopaminated tau also exhibited greatly diminished fibrillization and reduced seeding activity in cells. Finally, we determined the cryo-EM structure of dopaminated tau fibrils at 3.55 Å resolution, revealing a unique fibril polymorph with the smallest core region reported to date for tau. The dopaminated fibril core comprises only 11 residues (centered on the VQIVYK motif) and is stabilized by a minimal hydrophobic interface, explaining its decreased stability compared to that of unmodified tau fibrils. Our results provide atomic-level insight into how dopamine modification imparts a protective effect on tau and underscore the profound influence of post-translational modifications in modulating amyloid protein structure and pathology.
History
DepositionMar 17, 2025Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0Feb 4, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Feb 4, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Feb 4, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Feb 4, 2026Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Feb 4, 2026Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Feb 4, 2026Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Microtubule-associated protein tau
B: Microtubule-associated protein tau
C: Microtubule-associated protein tau
D: Microtubule-associated protein tau
E: Microtubule-associated protein tau
F: Microtubule-associated protein tau


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)82,5056
Polymers82,5056
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein
Microtubule-associated protein tau / Neurofibrillary tangle protein / Paired helical filament-tau / PHF-tau


Mass: 13750.876 Da / Num. of mol.: 6
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MAPT, MAPTL, MTBT1, TAU / Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P10636
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: FILAMENT / 3D reconstruction method: helical reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Cryo-EM structure of dopaminated Tau fibril / Type: ORGANELLE OR CELLULAR COMPONENT / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Buffer solutionpH: 6.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1400 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 55 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.15.2_3472: / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
Helical symmertyAngular rotation/subunit: 176.854 ° / Axial rise/subunit: 2.4007 Å / Axial symmetry: C1
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.55 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 23890 / Symmetry type: HELICAL
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.009504
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.771672
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d3.698300
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0778
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.00278

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