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- PDB-9lx5: Cryo-EM structure of the P2X1 receptor bound to ATP -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9lx5
TitleCryo-EM structure of the P2X1 receptor bound to ATP
ComponentsP2X purinoceptor 1
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / Ion channel
Function / homology
Function and homology information


regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle contraction / Platelet homeostasis / insemination / positive regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / suramin binding / serotonin secretion by platelet / ligand-gated calcium channel activity / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels ...regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle contraction / Platelet homeostasis / insemination / positive regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / suramin binding / serotonin secretion by platelet / ligand-gated calcium channel activity / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration / ceramide biosynthetic process / response to ATP / regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis / neuronal action potential / specific granule membrane / monoatomic cation channel activity / monoatomic ion transport / presynaptic active zone membrane / secretory granule membrane / synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / calcium ion transmembrane transport / platelet activation / regulation of blood pressure / postsynaptic membrane / membrane raft / external side of plasma membrane / apoptotic process / Neutrophil degranulation / protein-containing complex binding / glutamatergic synapse / signal transduction / protein-containing complex / ATP binding / identical protein binding / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
P2X1 purinoceptor / : / ATP P2X receptors signature. / ATP P2X receptor / P2X purinoreceptor / P2X purinoreceptor extracellular domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE / CHOLESTEROL / P2X purinoceptor 1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.6 Å
AuthorsQiang, Y. / Chen, K.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Chinese Academy of SciencesXDB37030100 China
CitationJournal: Acta Pharmacol Sin / Year: 2025
Title: Structural basis of the multiple ligand binding mechanisms of the P2X1 receptor.
Authors: Yu-Ting Qiang / Peng-Peng Wu / Xin Liu / Li Peng / Li-Ke Zhao / Ya-Ting Chen / Zhao-Bing Gao / Qiang Zhao / Kun Chen /
Abstract: As important modulators of human purinergic signaling, P2X1 receptors form homotrimers to transport calcium, regulating multiple physiological processes, and are long regarded as promising ...As important modulators of human purinergic signaling, P2X1 receptors form homotrimers to transport calcium, regulating multiple physiological processes, and are long regarded as promising therapeutic targets for male contraception and inflammation. However, the development of drugs that target the P2X1 receptor, such as the antagonist NF449, is greatly hindered by the unclear molecular mechanism of ligand binding modes and receptor activation. Here, we report the structures of the P2X1 receptor in complex with the endogenous agonist ATP or the competitive antagonist NF449. The P2X1 receptor displays distinct conformational features when bound to different types of compounds. Despite coupling to the agonist ATP, the receptor adopts a desensitized conformation that arrests the ions in the transmembrane (TM) domain, aligning with the nature of the high desensitization rates of the P2X1 receptor within the P2X family. Interestingly, the antagonist NF449 not only occupies the orthosteric pocket of ATP but also interacts with the dorsal fin, left flipper, and head domains, suggesting a unique binding mode to perform both orthosteric and allosteric mechanisms of NF449 inhibition. Intriguingly, a novel lipid binding site adjacent to the TM helices and lower body of P2X1, which is critical for receptor activation, is identified. Further functional assay results and structural alignments reveal the high conservation of this lipid binding site in P2X receptors, indicating important modulatory roles upon lipid binding. Taken together, these findings greatly increase our understanding of the ligand binding modes and multiple modulatory mechanisms of the P2X1 receptor and shed light on the further development of P2X1-selective antagonists.Keywords: Structural biology; Ligand binding mode; Ion channel; Purinergic P2X1 receptor.
History
DepositionFeb 17, 2025Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
Revision 1.0Apr 16, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: P2X purinoceptor 1
B: P2X purinoceptor 1
C: P2X purinoceptor 1
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)113,5409
Polymers110,8583
Non-polymers2,6826
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein P2X purinoceptor 1 / P2X1 ion channel receptor / P2X1 / ATP receptor / Purinergic receptor


Mass: 36952.723 Da / Num. of mol.: 3
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: P2RX1, P2X1 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P51575
#2: Chemical ChemComp-ATP / ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 507.181 Da / Num. of mol.: 3 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H16N5O13P3 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION / Comment: ATP, energy-carrying molecule*YM
#3: Chemical ChemComp-CLR / CHOLESTEROL


Mass: 386.654 Da / Num. of mol.: 3 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C27H46O / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: the ATP-bound P2X1 receptor / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenConc.: 7 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 70 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 346074 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: AB INITIO MODEL
RefinementHighest resolution: 3.6 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0037724
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.56310559
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d10.6491408
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0481187
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0041336

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