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- PDB-9gsz: Human monocarboxylate transporter 10 bound to L-thyroxine -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9gsz
TitleHuman monocarboxylate transporter 10 bound to L-thyroxine
ComponentsMonocarboxylate transporter 10
KeywordsTRANSPORT PROTEIN / L-thyroxine / Thyroid / Transporter
Function / homology
Function and homology information


L-tyrosine transmembrane transporter activity / L-phenylalanine transmembrane transporter activity / aromatic amino acid transport / thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion / L-tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity / aromatic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity / thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter activity / thyroid hormone transport / Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane / amino acid transmembrane transporter activity ...L-tyrosine transmembrane transporter activity / L-phenylalanine transmembrane transporter activity / aromatic amino acid transport / thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion / L-tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity / aromatic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity / thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter activity / thyroid hormone transport / Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane / amino acid transmembrane transporter activity / thyroid hormone generation / amino acid transport / transmembrane transporter activity / cell junction / basolateral plasma membrane / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
: / Major facilitator superfamily / Major Facilitator Superfamily / Major facilitator superfamily domain / Major facilitator superfamily (MFS) profile. / MFS transporter superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
3,5,3',5'-TETRAIODO-L-THYRONINE / Monocarboxylate transporter 10
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.8 Å
AuthorsCoscia, F. / Tassinari, M.
Funding supportEuropean Union, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
European Research Council (ERC)101041298European Union
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Molecular mechanism of thyroxine transport by monocarboxylate transporters.
Authors: Matteo Tassinari / Giorgia Tanzi / Francesco Maggiore / Stefan Groeneweg / Ferdy S van Geest / Matthijs E T Freund / Christiaan J Stavast / Irene Boniardi / Sebastiano Pasqualato / W Edward ...Authors: Matteo Tassinari / Giorgia Tanzi / Francesco Maggiore / Stefan Groeneweg / Ferdy S van Geest / Matthijs E T Freund / Christiaan J Stavast / Irene Boniardi / Sebastiano Pasqualato / W Edward Visser / Francesca Coscia /
Abstract: Thyroid hormones (the common name for prohormone thyroxine and the bioactive form triiodothyronine) control major developmental and metabolic processes. Release of thyroid hormones from the thyroid ...Thyroid hormones (the common name for prohormone thyroxine and the bioactive form triiodothyronine) control major developmental and metabolic processes. Release of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland into the bloodstream and their transport into target cells is facilitated by plasma membrane transporters, including monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)8 and the highly homologous MCT10. However, the molecular mechanism underlying thyroid hormone transport is unknown. The relevance of such transporters is illustrated in patients with MCT8 deficiency, a severe neurodevelopmental and metabolic disorder. Using cryogenic-sample electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we determined the ligand-free and thyroxine-bound human MCT8 structures in the outward-facing state and the thyroxine-bound human MCT10 in the inward-facing state. Our structural analysis revealed a network of conserved gate residues involved in conformational changes upon thyroxine binding, triggering ligand release in the opposite compartment. We then determined the structure of a folded but inactive patient-derived MCT8 mutant, indicating a subtle conformational change which explains its reduced transport activity. Finally, we report a structure of MCT8 bound to its inhibitor silychristin, locked in the outward-facing state, revealing the molecular basis of its action and specificity. Taken together, this study advances mechanistic understanding of normal and disordered thyroid hormone transport.
History
DepositionSep 16, 2024Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0May 21, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 21, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 21, 2025Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 21, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 21, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 21, 2025Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0May 21, 2025Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jun 11, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Monocarboxylate transporter 10
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)54,0192
Polymers53,2421
Non-polymers7771
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Monocarboxylate transporter 10 / MCT 10 / Aromatic amino acid transporter 1 / Solute carrier family 16 member 10 / T-type amino acid ...MCT 10 / Aromatic amino acid transporter 1 / Solute carrier family 16 member 10 / T-type amino acid transporter 1


Mass: 53242.465 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SLC16A10, MCT10, TAT1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q8TF71
#2: Chemical ChemComp-T44 / 3,5,3',5'-TETRAIODO-L-THYRONINE


Mass: 776.870 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C15H11I4NO4 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Monocarboxylate transporter 10 bound to anti-alfa nanobody and L-thyroxine
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.05 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
1150 mMsodium chlorideNaCl1
225 mMHepesC8H18N2O4S1
SpecimenConc.: 0.5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES / Details: This sample was monodisperse
Specimen supportGrid material: COPPER / Grid mesh size: 200 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 279.15 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 6.5 sec. / Electron dose: 70 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: TFS FALCON 4i (4k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 36610

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategoryDetails
1cryoSPARCparticle selection
4cryoSPARCCTF correction
7ISOLDEmodel fitting
11RELION5classificationblush
13PHENIX1.20.1_4487:model refinement
CTF correctionType: NONE
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 9500000
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.8 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 57707 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: AB INITIO MODEL / Space: REAL
Atomic model buildingDetails: model generated from PDB 7YR5 / Source name: ITasser / Type: in silico model
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0033044
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.5214128
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d10.7791050
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.04478
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.004501

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