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Open data
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Basic information
| Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 9ed4 | |||||||||||||||
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| Title | A composite map of mTORC1-Rag-Ragultor-4EBP1 on membrane | |||||||||||||||
Components |
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Keywords | SIGNALING PROTEIN / mTORC1 / 4EBP1 / cell growth / singaling protein / membrane | |||||||||||||||
| Function / homology | Function and homology informationregulation of cholesterol import / positive regulation of protein localization to lysosome / regulation of cell-substrate junction organization / regulation of cholesterol efflux / Gtr1-Gtr2 GTPase complex / FNIP-folliculin RagC/D GAP / Ragulator complex / protein localization to cell junction / regulation of type B pancreatic cell development / RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding ...regulation of cholesterol import / positive regulation of protein localization to lysosome / regulation of cell-substrate junction organization / regulation of cholesterol efflux / Gtr1-Gtr2 GTPase complex / FNIP-folliculin RagC/D GAP / Ragulator complex / protein localization to cell junction / regulation of type B pancreatic cell development / RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / regulation of locomotor rhythm / Activation of the mRNA upon binding of the cap-binding complex and eIFs, and subsequent binding to 43S / T-helper 1 cell lineage commitment / positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt / positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells / eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding / TORC2 signaling / TORC2 complex / regulation of membrane permeability / regulation of TORC1 signaling / cellular response to leucine starvation / negative regulation of lysosome organization / heart valve morphogenesis / TFIIIC-class transcription factor complex binding / protein localization to lysosome / TORC1 complex / voluntary musculoskeletal movement / positive regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I / positive regulation of odontoblast differentiation / calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade / RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of keratinocyte migration / regulation of osteoclast differentiation / regulation of TOR signaling / regulation of lysosome organization / MTOR signalling / fibroblast migration / cellular response to nutrient / cellular response to L-leucine / Amino acids regulate mTORC1 / energy reserve metabolic process / lysosome localization / regulation of autophagosome assembly / Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK / endosome organization / TORC1 signaling / ruffle organization / serine/threonine protein kinase complex / cellular response to methionine / positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation / negative regulation of cell size / positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / kinase activator activity / cellular response to osmotic stress / negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus / anoikis / protein localization to membrane / inositol hexakisphosphate binding / cardiac muscle cell development / negative regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade / negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis / regulation of myelination / endosomal transport / positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III / azurophil granule membrane / lysosome organization / small GTPase-mediated signal transduction / negative regulation of macroautophagy / Macroautophagy / positive regulation of myotube differentiation / regulation of cell size / RHOJ GTPase cycle / Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer / positive regulation of actin filament polymerization / RHOQ GTPase cycle / germ cell development / TOR signaling / behavioral response to pain / mTORC1-mediated signalling / oligodendrocyte differentiation / positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation / CDC42 GTPase cycle / positive regulation of translational initiation / tertiary granule membrane / RHOH GTPase cycle / ficolin-1-rich granule membrane / RHOG GTPase cycle / protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity / regulation of receptor recycling / social behavior / protein kinase activator activity / CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling / RAC2 GTPase cycle / HSF1-dependent transactivation / RAC3 GTPase cycle / positive regulation of TOR signaling / regulation of macroautophagy / enzyme-substrate adaptor activity Similarity search - Function | |||||||||||||||
| Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | |||||||||||||||
| Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.23 Å | |||||||||||||||
Authors | Cui, Z. / Hurley, J. | |||||||||||||||
| Funding support | United States, 1items
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Citation | Journal: Nature / Year: 2025Title: Structural basis for mTORC1 activation on the lysosomal membrane. Authors: Zhicheng Cui / Alessandra Esposito / Gennaro Napolitano / Andrea Ballabio / James H Hurley / ![]() Abstract: The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) integrates growth factor (GF) and nutrient signals to stimulate anabolic processes connected to cell growth and inhibit catabolic processes such ...The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) integrates growth factor (GF) and nutrient signals to stimulate anabolic processes connected to cell growth and inhibit catabolic processes such as autophagy. GF signalling through the tuberous sclerosis complex regulates the lysosomally localized small GTPase RAS homologue enriched in brain (RHEB). Direct binding of RHEB-GTP to the mTOR kinase subunit of mTORC1 allosterically activates the kinase by inducing a large-scale conformational change. Here we reconstituted mTORC1 activation on membranes by RHEB, RAGs and Ragulator. Cryo-electron microscopy showed that RAPTOR and mTOR interact directly with the membrane. Full engagement of the membrane anchors is required for optimal alignment of the catalytic residues in the mTOR kinase active site. Converging signals from GFs and nutrients drive mTORC1 recruitment to and activation on lysosomal membrane in a four-step process, consisting of (1) RAG-Ragulator-driven recruitment to within ~100 Å of the lysosomal membrane; (2) RHEB-driven recruitment to within ~40 Å; (3) RAPTOR-membrane engagement and intermediate enzyme activation; and (4) mTOR-membrane engagement and full enzyme activation. RHEB and membrane engagement combined leads to full catalytic activation and structurally explains GF and nutrient signal integration at the lysosome. | |||||||||||||||
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Structure visualization
| Structure viewer | Molecule: Molmil Jmol/JSmol |
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Downloads & links
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Download
| PDBx/mmCIF format | 9ed4.cif.gz | 4.6 MB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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| PDB format | pdb9ed4.ent.gz | Display | PDB format | |
| PDBx/mmJSON format | 9ed4.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
| Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
| Summary document | 9ed4_validation.pdf.gz | 1.8 MB | Display | wwPDB validaton report |
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| Full document | 9ed4_full_validation.pdf.gz | 1.9 MB | Display | |
| Data in XML | 9ed4_validation.xml.gz | 240.1 KB | Display | |
| Data in CIF | 9ed4_validation.cif.gz | 376.1 KB | Display | |
| Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/ed/9ed4 ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/ed/9ed4 | HTTPS FTP |
-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 47932MC ![]() 9ed6C ![]() 9ed7C ![]() 9ed8C M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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| Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homology F&H Search |
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Links
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Assembly
| Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
-Protein , 5 types, 10 molecules BMLNAOKTCU
| #1: Protein | Mass: 35910.090 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MLST8, GBL, LST8 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q9BVC4#2: Protein | Mass: 20519.449 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RHEB, RHEB2 / Production host: ![]() References: UniProt: Q15382, Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement #3: Protein | Mass: 289257.969 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MTOR, FRAP, FRAP1, FRAP2, RAFT1, RAPT1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti-References: UniProt: P42345, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase #8: Protein | Mass: 12592.968 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: EIF4EBP1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q13541#9: Protein | Mass: 149200.016 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RPTOR, KIAA1303, RAPTOR / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q8N122 |
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-Ras-related GTP-binding protein ... , 2 types, 4 molecules DPEV
| #4: Protein | Mass: 36600.195 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RRAGA / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti-References: UniProt: Q7L523, Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement #10: Protein | Mass: 44298.859 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RRAGC / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q9HB90 |
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-Ragulator complex protein ... , 5 types, 10 molecules GQHRJSFWIX
| #5: Protein | Mass: 13517.450 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: LAMTOR2, MAPBPIP, ROBLD3, HSPC003 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q9Y2Q5#6: Protein | Mass: 13637.678 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: LAMTOR3, MAP2K1IP1, MAPKSP1, PRO2783 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q9UHA4#7: Protein | Mass: 9622.900 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: LAMTOR5, HBXIP, XIP / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: O43504#11: Protein | Mass: 17762.775 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: LAMTOR1, C11orf59, PDRO, PP7157 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q6IAA8#12: Protein | Mass: 10753.236 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: LAMTOR4, C7orf59 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain (production host): HEK 293F gnti- / References: UniProt: Q0VGL1 |
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-Non-polymers , 6 types, 18 molecules 










| #13: Chemical | | #14: Chemical | ChemComp-MG / #15: Chemical | #16: Chemical | #17: Chemical | #18: Chemical | |
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-Details
| Has ligand of interest | N |
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| Has protein modification | N |
-Experimental details
-Experiment
| Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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| EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
| Component | Name: The mTORC1-Rag-Ragulator-4EBP1 complex on membrane / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#12 / Source: RECOMBINANT |
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| Molecular weight | Experimental value: NO |
| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Source (recombinant) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain: HEK 293F gnti- |
| Buffer solution | pH: 7.4 |
| Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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| Microscopy | Model: TFS KRIOS |
| Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM |
| Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 900 nm |
| Image recording | Electron dose: 30 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) |
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Processing
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| CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.23 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 359012 / Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refinement | Cross valid method: NONE Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Displacement parameters | Biso mean: 83.04 Å2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Refine LS restraints |
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About Yorodumi




Homo sapiens (human)
United States, 1items
Citation












PDBj

































FIELD EMISSION GUN