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- PDB-9c9p: Cas9 ternary complex, 14-nt sgRNA, State I (linear) -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9c9p
TitleCas9 ternary complex, 14-nt sgRNA, State I (linear)
Components
  • CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1
  • Non-target strand
  • Target strand
  • sgRNA
KeywordsDNA BINDING PROTEIN / Type II-A CRISPR-associated endonuclease RNA-guided DNA targeting Mg2+ dependent
Function / homology
Function and homology information


maintenance of CRISPR repeat elements / 3'-5' exonuclease activity / DNA endonuclease activity / defense response to virus / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds / DNA binding / RNA binding / metal ion binding
Similarity search - Function
CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, PAM-interacting domain / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, bridge helix / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, REC lobe / REC lobe of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / Bridge helix of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / PAM-interacting domain of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / : / Cas9 RuvC domain / HNH endonuclease / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 ...CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, PAM-interacting domain / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, bridge helix / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, REC lobe / REC lobe of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / Bridge helix of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / PAM-interacting domain of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / : / Cas9 RuvC domain / HNH endonuclease / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / Cas9-type HNH domain / Cas9-type HNH domain profile. / HNH nuclease / Ribonuclease H superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
DNA / DNA (> 10) / RNA / RNA (> 10) / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesStreptococcus pyogenes (bacteria)
synthetic construct (others)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.1 Å
AuthorsKiernan, K.A. / Simonovic, M.
Funding support United States, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)GM097042 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)F31GM143822 United States
CitationJournal: Nucleic Acids Res / Year: 2024
Title: Structural basis of Cas9 DNA interrogation with a 5' truncated sgRNA.
Authors: Kaitlyn A Kiernan / Jieun Kwon / Bradley J Merrill / Miljan Simonović /
Abstract: The efficiency and accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 targeting varies considerably across genomic targets and remains a persistent issue for using this system in cells. Studies have shown that the use of 5' ...The efficiency and accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 targeting varies considerably across genomic targets and remains a persistent issue for using this system in cells. Studies have shown that the use of 5' truncated single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) can reduce the rate of unwanted off-target recognition while still maintaining on-target specificity. However, it is not well-understood how reducing target complementarity enhances specificity or how truncation past 15 nucleotides (nts) prevents full Cas9 activation without compromising on-target binding. Here, we use biochemistry and cryogenic electron microscopy to investigate Cas9 structure and activity when bound to a 14-nt sgRNA. Our structures reveal that the shortened path of the displaced non-target strand (NTS) sterically occludes docking of the HNH L1 linker and prevents proper positioning of the nuclease domains. We show that cleavage inhibition can be alleviated by either artificially melting the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM)-distal duplex or providing a supercoiled substrate. Even though Cas9 forms a stable complex with its target, we find that plasmid cleavage is ∼1000-fold slower with a 14-nt sgRNA than with a full-length 20-nt sgRNA. Our results provide a structural basis for Cas9 target binding with 5' truncated sgRNAs and underline the importance of PAM-distal NTS availability in promoting Cas9 activation.
History
DepositionJun 14, 2024Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Dec 4, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Dec 25, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title ..._citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _citation_author.name / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1
B: sgRNA
C: Target strand
D: Non-target strand


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)213,6844
Polymers213,6844
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1 / SpCas9 / SpyCas9


Mass: 158699.844 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Streptococcus pyogenes (bacteria) / Gene: cas9, csn1, SPy_1046 / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
References: UniProt: Q99ZW2, Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds
#2: RNA chain sgRNA


Mass: 30356.051 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)
#3: DNA chain Target strand


Mass: 12175.802 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)
#4: DNA chain Non-target strand


Mass: 12452.001 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Cas9-sgRNA-dsDNA complex / Type: COMPLEX / Details: bound to a 14-nt sgRNA, linear conformation / Entity ID: all / Source: MULTIPLE SOURCES
Molecular weightValue: 213.23 kDa/nm / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Streptococcus pyogenes (bacteria)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 81000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 100 µm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter slit width: 20 eV

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
2PHENIX1.21_5207model refinement
5cryoSPARCCTF correction
10cryoSPARCinitial Euler assignment
11cryoSPARCfinal Euler assignment
13cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 236888 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementCross valid method: NONE
Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 158.51 Å2
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.003813124
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.690418458
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.04192212
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.00491866
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d19.02213238

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