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- EMDB-45368: Cas9 ternary complex, 14-nt sgRNA, State I (linear) -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-45368
TitleCas9 ternary complex, 14-nt sgRNA, State I (linear)
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Cas9-sgRNA-dsDNA complex
    • Protein or peptide: CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1
    • RNA: sgRNA
    • DNA: Target strand
    • DNA: Non-target strand
KeywordsType II-A CRISPR-associated endonuclease RNA-guided DNA targeting Mg2+ dependent / DNA BINDING PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


maintenance of CRISPR repeat elements / 3'-5' exonuclease activity / DNA endonuclease activity / defense response to virus / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds / DNA binding / RNA binding / metal ion binding
Similarity search - Function
CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, bridge helix / Bridge helix of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, PAM-interacting domain / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, REC lobe / REC lobe of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / PAM-interacting domain of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / : / Cas9 RuvC domain / HNH endonuclease / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 ...CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, bridge helix / Bridge helix of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, PAM-interacting domain / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9, REC lobe / REC lobe of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / PAM-interacting domain of CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / : / Cas9 RuvC domain / HNH endonuclease / CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 / Cas9-type HNH domain / Cas9-type HNH domain profile. / HNH nuclease / Ribonuclease H superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesStreptococcus pyogenes (bacteria) / synthetic construct (others)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.1 Å
AuthorsKiernan KA / Simonovic M
Funding support United States, 2 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)GM097042 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)F31GM143822 United States
CitationJournal: Nucleic Acids Res / Year: 2025
Title: Structural basis of Cas9 DNA interrogation with a 5' truncated sgRNA.
Authors: Kaitlyn A Kiernan / Jieun Kwon / Bradley J Merrill / Miljan Simonović /
Abstract: The efficiency and accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 targeting varies considerably across genomic targets and remains a persistent issue for using this system in cells. Studies have shown that the use of 5' ...The efficiency and accuracy of CRISPR-Cas9 targeting varies considerably across genomic targets and remains a persistent issue for using this system in cells. Studies have shown that the use of 5' truncated single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) can reduce the rate of unwanted off-target recognition while still maintaining on-target specificity. However, it is not well-understood how reducing target complementarity enhances specificity or how truncation past 15 nucleotides (nts) prevents full Cas9 activation without compromising on-target binding. Here, we use biochemistry and cryogenic electron microscopy to investigate Cas9 structure and activity when bound to a 14-nt sgRNA. Our structures reveal that the shortened path of the displaced non-target strand (NTS) sterically occludes docking of the HNH L1 linker and prevents proper positioning of the nuclease domains. We show that cleavage inhibition can be alleviated by either artificially melting the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM)-distal duplex or providing a supercoiled substrate. Even though Cas9 forms a stable complex with its target, we find that plasmid cleavage is ∼1000-fold slower with a 14-nt sgRNA than with a full-length 20-nt sgRNA. Our results provide a structural basis for Cas9 target binding with 5' truncated sgRNAs and underline the importance of PAM-distal NTS availability in promoting Cas9 activation.
History
DepositionJun 14, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseDec 4, 2024-
Map releaseDec 4, 2024-
UpdateJan 22, 2025-
Current statusJan 22, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_45368.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_45368.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.12 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 286.72 Å		1.12 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 286.72 Å		1.12 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 286.72 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.12 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.145
Minimum - Maximum-0.47966662 - 1.0206261
Average (Standard dev.)0.00091064314 (±0.024449082)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 286.72 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_45368_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_45368_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Cas9-sgRNA-dsDNA complex

EntireName: Cas9-sgRNA-dsDNA complex
Components
  • Complex: Cas9-sgRNA-dsDNA complex
    • Protein or peptide: CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1
    • RNA: sgRNA
    • DNA: Target strand
    • DNA: Non-target strand

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Supramolecule #1: Cas9-sgRNA-dsDNA complex

SupramoleculeName: Cas9-sgRNA-dsDNA complex / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all / Details: bound to a 14-nt sgRNA, linear conformation
Source (natural)Organism: Streptococcus pyogenes (bacteria)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 213.23 kDa/nm

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Macromolecule #1: CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1

MacromoleculeName: CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds
Source (natural)Organism: Streptococcus pyogenes (bacteria)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 158.699844 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
SequenceString: MDKKYSIGLD IGTNSVGWAV ITDEYKVPSK KFKVLGNTDR HSIKKNLIGA LLFDSGETAE ATRLKRTARR RYTRRKNRIC YLQEIFSNE MAKVDDSFFH RLEESFLVEE DKKHERHPIF GNIVDEVAYH EKYPTIYHLR KKLVDSTDKA DLRLIYLALA H MIKFRGHF ...String:
MDKKYSIGLD IGTNSVGWAV ITDEYKVPSK KFKVLGNTDR HSIKKNLIGA LLFDSGETAE ATRLKRTARR RYTRRKNRIC YLQEIFSNE MAKVDDSFFH RLEESFLVEE DKKHERHPIF GNIVDEVAYH EKYPTIYHLR KKLVDSTDKA DLRLIYLALA H MIKFRGHF LIEGDLNPDN SDVDKLFIQL VQTYNQLFEE NPINASGVDA KAILSARLSK SRRLENLIAQ LPGEKKNGLF GN LIALSLG LTPNFKSNFD LAEDAKLQLS KDTYDDDLDN LLAQIGDQYA DLFLAAKNLS DAILLSDILR VNTEITKAPL SAS MIKRYD EHHQDLTLLK ALVRQQLPEK YKEIFFDQSK NGYAGYIDGG ASQEEFYKFI KPILEKMDGT EELLVKLNRE DLLR KQRTF DNGSIPHQIH LGELHAILRR QEDFYPFLKD NREKIEKILT FRIPYYVGPL ARGNSRFAWM TRKSEETITP WNFEE VVDK GASAQSFIER MTNFDKNLPN EKVLPKHSLL YEYFTVYNEL TKVKYVTEGM RKPAFLSGEQ KKAIVDLLFK TNRKVT VKQ LKEDYFKKIE CFDSVEISGV EDRFNASLGT YHDLLKIIKD KDFLDNEENE DILEDIVLTL TLFEDREMIE ERLKTYA HL FDDKVMKQLK RRRYTGWGRL SRKLINGIRD KQSGKTILDF LKSDGFANRN FMQLIHDDSL TFKEDIQKAQ VSGQGDSL H EHIANLAGSP AIKKGILQTV KVVDELVKVM GRHKPENIVI EMARENQTTQ KGQKNSRERM KRIEEGIKEL GSQILKEHP VENTQLQNEK LYLYYLQNGR DMYVDQELDI NRLSDYDVDH IVPQSFLKDD SIDNKVLTRS DKNRGKSDNV PSEEVVKKMK NYWRQLLNA KLITQRKFDN LTKAERGGLS ELDKAGFIKR QLVETRQITK HVAQILDSRM NTKYDENDKL IREVKVITLK S KLVSDFRK DFQFYKVREI NNYHHAHDAY LNAVVGTALI KKYPKLESEF VYGDYKVYDV RKMIAKSEQE IGKATAKYFF YS NIMNFFK TEITLANGEI RKRPLIETNG ETGEIVWDKG RDFATVRKVL SMPQVNIVKK TEVQTGGFSK ESILPKRNSD KLI ARKKDW DPKKYGGFDS PTVAYSVLVV AKVEKGKSKK LKSVKELLGI TIMERSSFEK NPIDFLEAKG YKEVKKDLII KLPK YSLFE LENGRKRMLA SAGELQKGNE LALPSKYVNF LYLASHYEKL KGSPEDNEQK QLFVEQHKHY LDEIIEQISE FSKRV ILAD ANLDKVLSAY NKHRDKPIRE QAENIIHLFT LTNLGAPAAF KYFDTTIDRK RYTSTKEVLD ATLIHQSITG LYETRI DLS QLGGD

UniProtKB: CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9/Csn1

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Macromolecule #2: sgRNA

MacromoleculeName: sgRNA / type: rna / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1
Source (natural)Organism: synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 30.356051 KDa
SequenceString:
UAAAGAUGAG ACGCGUUUUA GAGCUAGAAA UAGCAAGUUA AAAUAAGGCU AGUCCGUUAU CAACUUGAAA AAGUGGCACC GAGUCGGUG CUUUU

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Macromolecule #3: Target strand

MacromoleculeName: Target strand / type: dna / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)Organism: synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 12.175802 KDa
SequenceString:
(DC)(DT)(DA)(DA)(DT)(DC)(DG)(DC)(DC)(DA) (DG)(DC)(DG)(DT)(DC)(DT)(DC)(DA)(DT)(DC) (DT)(DT)(DT)(DA)(DT)(DG)(DC)(DG)(DC) (DC)(DT)(DA)(DC)(DG)(DC)(DA)(DC)(DT)(DG) (DG)

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Macromolecule #4: Non-target strand

MacromoleculeName: Non-target strand / type: dna / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Classification: DNA
Source (natural)Organism: synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 12.452001 KDa
SequenceString:
(DC)(DC)(DA)(DG)(DT)(DG)(DC)(DG)(DT)(DA) (DG)(DG)(DC)(DG)(DC)(DA)(DT)(DA)(DA)(DA) (DG)(DA)(DT)(DG)(DA)(DG)(DA)(DC)(DG) (DC)(DT)(DG)(DG)(DC)(DG)(DA)(DT)(DT)(DA) (DG)

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Specialist opticsEnergy filter - Slit width: 20 eV
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsC2 aperture diameter: 100.0 µm / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm / Nominal magnification: 81000
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC / Number images used: 236888
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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