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- PDB-9bih: SARS-CoV-2 endoribonuclease Nsp15 bound to dsRNA with 1 nucleotid... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9bih
TitleSARS-CoV-2 endoribonuclease Nsp15 bound to dsRNA with 1 nucleotide bulge
Components
  • RNA (34-mer)
  • RNA (35-mer)
  • Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15
KeywordsVIRAL PROTEIN / Uridine-specific endonuclease / bulged dsRNA / unpaired nucleotide / coronavirus
Function / homology
Function and homology information


protein guanylyltransferase activity / RNA endonuclease activity producing 3'-phosphomonoesters, hydrolytic mechanism / mRNA guanylyltransferase activity / 5'-3' RNA helicase activity / Lyases; Phosphorus-oxygen lyases / Assembly of the SARS-CoV-2 Replication-Transcription Complex (RTC) / Maturation of replicase proteins / symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of TBK1 activity / ISG15-specific peptidase activity / TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway ...protein guanylyltransferase activity / RNA endonuclease activity producing 3'-phosphomonoesters, hydrolytic mechanism / mRNA guanylyltransferase activity / 5'-3' RNA helicase activity / Lyases; Phosphorus-oxygen lyases / Assembly of the SARS-CoV-2 Replication-Transcription Complex (RTC) / Maturation of replicase proteins / symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of TBK1 activity / ISG15-specific peptidase activity / TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway / Transcription of SARS-CoV-2 sgRNAs / Translation of Replicase and Assembly of the Replication Transcription Complex / snRNP Assembly / Replication of the SARS-CoV-2 genome / double membrane vesicle viral factory outer membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment / SARS coronavirus main proteinase / 3'-5'-RNA exonuclease activity / 5'-3' DNA helicase activity / host cell endosome / symbiont-mediated degradation of host mRNA / mRNA guanylyltransferase / symbiont-mediated suppression of host ISG15-protein conjugation / G-quadruplex RNA binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host toll-like receptor signaling pathway / symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of IRF3 activity / omega peptidase activity / SARS-CoV-2 modulates host translation machinery / mRNA (guanine-N7)-methyltransferase / host cell Golgi apparatus / methyltransferase cap1 / symbiont-mediated perturbation of host ubiquitin-like protein modification / symbiont-mediated suppression of host NF-kappaB cascade / DNA helicase / methyltransferase cap1 activity / ubiquitinyl hydrolase 1 / cysteine-type deubiquitinase activity / mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity / forked DNA-dependent helicase activity / single-stranded 3'-5' DNA helicase activity / four-way junction helicase activity / double-stranded DNA helicase activity / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Cysteine endopeptidases / single-stranded RNA binding / regulation of autophagy / host cell perinuclear region of cytoplasm / viral protein processing / lyase activity / host cell endoplasmic reticulum membrane / RNA helicase / symbiont-mediated suppression of host type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway / symbiont-mediated suppression of host gene expression / copper ion binding / viral translational frameshifting / symbiont-mediated activation of host autophagy / RNA-directed RNA polymerase / cysteine-type endopeptidase activity / viral RNA genome replication / RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity / DNA-templated transcription / lipid binding / host cell nucleus / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / ATP hydrolysis activity / proteolysis / RNA binding / zinc ion binding / ATP binding / membrane
Similarity search - Function
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, SARS-CoV-like / Nonstructural protein 14, betacoronavirus / NSP15, NendoU domain, coronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal domain, alpha/beta-coronavirus / NSP14, guanine-N7-methyltransferase domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) guanine-N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 N-terminal oligomerization domain profile. / NSP12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, coronavirus / : ...RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, SARS-CoV-like / Nonstructural protein 14, betacoronavirus / NSP15, NendoU domain, coronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal domain, alpha/beta-coronavirus / NSP14, guanine-N7-methyltransferase domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) guanine-N7-methyltransferase (N7-MTase) domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp15 N-terminal oligomerization domain profile. / NSP12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, coronavirus / : / Coronavirus Nsp12 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp12 Interface domain profile. / : / : / Coronavirus Nonstructural protein 13, 1B domain / Coronavirus Non-structural protein 13, zinc-binding domain / Coronavirus Nonstructural protein 13, stalk domain / Nidovirus 2-O-methyltransferase / Nidovirus 2'-O-methyltransferase (2'-O-MTase) domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP15, N-terminal domain superfamily, coronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP15, middle domain superfamily / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, N-terminal oligomerization / Nonstructural protein 15, middle domain, coronavirus / Nonstructural protein 13, 1B domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, middle domain / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, N-terminal oligomerisation / Nidovirus 3'-5' exoribonuclease domain / Nidovirus 3'-5' exoribonuclease (ExoN) domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP16, coronavirus-like / Non-structural protein 14, coronavirus / RNA polymerase, N-terminal, coronavirus / Coronavirus 2'-O-methyltransferase / Coronavirus proofreading exoribonuclease / Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, N-terminal / Nonstructural protein 13, zinc-binding domain, coronavirus-like / Coronaviridae zinc-binding (CV ZBD) domain profile. / Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/Coronavirus NSP15 middle domain / Arterivirus Nsp11 N-terminal/coronavirus NSP15 middle (AV-Nsp11N/CoV-Nsp15M) domain profile. / Nidoviral uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU) domain profile. / Nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyl transferase (NiRAN) domain / Nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyl transferase (NiRAN) domain profile. / Endoribonuclease EndoU-like / NendoU domain, nidovirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP15, uridylate-specific endoribonuclease / : / Lipocalin signature. / DNA2/NAM7 helicase-like, C-terminal / AAA domain / (+) RNA virus helicase core domain / (+)RNA virus helicase core domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-N (Mac2) domain, betacoronavirus / Sarbecovirus Nsp3c-N domain profile. / Non-structural protein NSP3, N-terminal, betacoronavirus / Polyprotein cleavage domain PL2pro superfamily, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-N (Mac2) domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus SUD-C domain / Betacoronavirus replicase NSP3, N-terminal / NSP1 globular domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein 2, SARS-CoV-like / Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase subdomain signature 2. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3c-M domain profile. / NSP1, globular domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-M domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, SUD-M domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus replicase NSP1 / Betacoronavirus single-stranded poly(A) binding domain / NSP1, C-terminal domain, betacoronavirus / : / Betacoronavirus (BetaCoV) Nsp1 C-terminal domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3e group 2-specific marker (G2M) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3c-C domain profile. / Betacoronavirus Nsp3e nucleic acid-binding (NAB) domain profile. / DPUP/SUD, C-terminal, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3, nucleic acid-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein NSP3A domain-like superfamily / Non-structural protein NSP3, nucleic acid-binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Non-structural protein 6, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus nucleic acid-binding (NAB) / Papain-like viral protease, palm and finger domains, coronavirus / Papain-like protease, N-terminal domain superfamily, coronavirus / Coronavirus replicase NSP2, N-terminal / : / Coronavirus replicase NSP2, C-terminal / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 middle domain profile. / NSP1, globular domain, alpha/betacoronavirus / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp1 globular domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 N-terminal domain profile. / Coronavirus (CoV) Nsp2 C-terminal domain profile. / Nonstructural protein 2, N-terminal domain, coronavirus / Non-structural protein 2, C-terminal domain, coronavirus / NSP3, second ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain, coronavirus / Coronavirus Nsp3a Ubl domain profile. / Coronavirus Nsp3d Ubl domain profile. / NSP3, first ubiquitin-like (Ubl) domain, coronavirus / Peptidase family C16 domain profile. / : / : / Coronavirus replicase NSP7 / Coronavirus 3Ecto domain profile. / Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) Nsp7 cofactor domain profile.
Similarity search - Domain/homology
RNA / RNA (> 10) / Replicase polyprotein 1ab
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.24 Å
AuthorsWright, Z.M. / Butay, K.J. / Krahn, J.M. / Borgnia, M.J. / Stanley, R.E.
Funding support United States, 3items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS)ZIA ES103247 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS)ZIC ES103326 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute Of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID)1ZIAES103340 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Spontaneous base flipping helps drive Nsp15's preferences in double stranded RNA substrates.
Authors: Zoe M Wright / Kevin John Butay / Juno M Krahn / Isha M Wilson / Scott A Gabel / Eugene F DeRose / Israa S Hissein / Jason G Williams / Mario J Borgnia / Meredith N Frazier / Geoffrey A ...Authors: Zoe M Wright / Kevin John Butay / Juno M Krahn / Isha M Wilson / Scott A Gabel / Eugene F DeRose / Israa S Hissein / Jason G Williams / Mario J Borgnia / Meredith N Frazier / Geoffrey A Mueller / Robin E Stanley /
Abstract: Coronaviruses evade detection by the host immune system with the help of the endoribonuclease Nsp15, which regulates levels of viral double stranded RNA by cleaving 3' of uridine (U). While prior ...Coronaviruses evade detection by the host immune system with the help of the endoribonuclease Nsp15, which regulates levels of viral double stranded RNA by cleaving 3' of uridine (U). While prior structural data shows that to cleave double stranded RNA, Nsp15's target U must be flipped out of the helix, it is not yet understood whether Nsp15 initiates flipping or captures spontaneously flipped bases. We address this gap by designing fluorinated double stranded RNA substrates that allow us to directly relate a U's sequence context to both its tendency to spontaneously flip and its susceptibility to cleavage by Nsp15. Through a combination of nuclease assays, F NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and single particle cryo-EM, we determine that Nsp15 acts most efficiently on unpaired Us, particularly those that are already flipped. Across sequence contexts, we find Nsp15's cleavage efficiency to be directly related to that U's tendency to spontaneously flip. Overall, our findings unify previous characterizations of Nsp15's cleavage preferences, and suggest that activity of Nsp15 during infection is partially driven by bulged or otherwise relatively accessible Us that appear at strategic positions in the viral RNA.
History
DepositionApr 23, 2024Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Dec 18, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jan 15, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15
B: Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15
C: Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15
D: Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15
E: Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15
F: Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15
G: RNA (35-mer)
H: RNA (34-mer)


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)257,4348
Polymers257,4348
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein
Uridylate-specific endoribonuclease nsp15 / NendoU / Non-structural protein 15 / nsp15


Mass: 39246.684 Da / Num. of mol.: 6 / Mutation: H235A
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Gene: rep, 1a-1b / Variant: GenBank NC_045512.2 / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
References: UniProt: P0DTD1, Lyases; Phosphorus-oxygen lyases
#2: RNA chain RNA (35-mer)


Mass: 11127.660 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Variant: GenBank NC_045512.2 / Production host: synthetic construct (others)
#3: RNA chain RNA (34-mer)


Mass: 10826.366 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Variant: GenBank NC_045512.2 / Production host: synthetic construct (others)
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: SARS-CoV-2 endoribonuclease Nsp15 bound to dsRNA with 1 nucleotide bulge
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.24 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 217900 / Symmetry type: POINT

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