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- PDB-8xzi: Cryo-EM structure of the CMF-019-bound human APLNR-Gi complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8xzi
TitleCryo-EM structure of the CMF-019-bound human APLNR-Gi complex
Components
  • (Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ...) x 3
  • Apelin receptor
  • scFv16
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / APLNR / CMF-019 / Class A GPCR / G-protein-biased small molecule agonist
Function / homology
Function and homology information


apelin receptor activity / apelin receptor signaling pathway / mechanoreceptor activity / regulation of gap junction assembly / vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation / atrioventricular valve development / regulation of body fluid levels / positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization / venous blood vessel development / positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress ...apelin receptor activity / apelin receptor signaling pathway / mechanoreceptor activity / regulation of gap junction assembly / vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation / atrioventricular valve development / regulation of body fluid levels / positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization / venous blood vessel development / positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress / coronary vasculature development / endocardial cushion formation / positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis / adult heart development / aorta development / vasculature development / G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity / ventricular septum morphogenesis / negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress / blood vessel development / heart looping / vasculogenesis / gastrulation / regulation of eating behavior / adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity / T cell migration / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / positive regulation of relaxation of smooth muscle / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / D2 dopamine receptor binding / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / cellular response to forskolin / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / Peptide ligand-binding receptors / mast cell degranulation / chemokine-mediated signaling pathway / neuropeptide signaling pathway / Regulation of insulin secretion / response to prostaglandin E / positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process / G protein-coupled receptor binding / response to peptide hormone / G protein-coupled receptor activity / positive regulation of angiogenesis / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / heart development / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / GDP binding / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / photoreceptor disc membrane / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / G-protein beta-subunit binding / extracellular vesicle / regulation of gene expression / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / signaling receptor activity / angiogenesis / GTPase binding / G protein activity / midbody / Ca2+ pathway / cell cortex / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / ciliary basal body
Similarity search - Function
Apelin receptor / : / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G protein alpha subunit / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. ...Apelin receptor / : / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G protein alpha subunit / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
: / Apelin receptor / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
synthetic construct (others)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 2.7 Å
AuthorsWang, W. / Ji, S. / Zhang, Y.
Funding support China, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China) China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: Cell / Year: 2024
Title: Structure-based design of non-hypertrophic apelin receptor modulator.
Authors: Wei-Wei Wang / Su-Yu Ji / Wenjia Zhang / Junxia Zhang / Chenxi Cai / Rubi Hu / Shao-Kun Zang / Luwei Miao / Haomang Xu / Li-Nan Chen / Zongkuai Yang / Jia Guo / Jiao Qin / Dan-Dan Shen / ...Authors: Wei-Wei Wang / Su-Yu Ji / Wenjia Zhang / Junxia Zhang / Chenxi Cai / Rubi Hu / Shao-Kun Zang / Luwei Miao / Haomang Xu / Li-Nan Chen / Zongkuai Yang / Jia Guo / Jiao Qin / Dan-Dan Shen / Ping Liang / Yan Zhang / Yan Zhang /
Abstract: Apelin is a key hormone in cardiovascular homeostasis that activates the apelin receptor (APLNR), which is regarded as a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. However, adverse ...Apelin is a key hormone in cardiovascular homeostasis that activates the apelin receptor (APLNR), which is regarded as a promising therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. However, adverse effects through the β-arrestin pathway limit its pharmacological use. Here, we report cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of APLNR-G complexes bound to three agonists with divergent signaling profiles. Combined with functional assays, we have identified "twin hotspots" in APLNR as key determinants for signaling bias, guiding the rational design of two exclusive G-protein-biased agonists WN353 and WN561. Cryo-EM structures of WN353- and WN561-stimulated APLNR-G protein complexes further confirm that the designed ligands adopt the desired poses. Pathophysiological experiments have provided evidence that WN561 demonstrates superior therapeutic effects against cardiac hypertrophy and reduced adverse effects compared with the established APLNR agonists. In summary, our designed APLNR modulator may facilitate the development of next-generation cardiovascular medications.
History
DepositionJan 21, 2024Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBC
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Revision 1.2Oct 16, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
R: Apelin receptor
A: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
B: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
G: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
S: scFv16
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)155,3236
Polymers154,8685
Non-polymers4561
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Guanine nucleotide-binding protein ... , 3 types, 3 molecules ABG

#2: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 / Adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein


Mass: 40414.047 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNAI1 / Cell (production host): Sf9 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P63096
#3: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1


Mass: 37285.734 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Cell (production host): Sf9 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P62873
#4: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 7861.143 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Cell (production host): Sf9 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P59768

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Protein / Antibody / Non-polymers , 3 types, 3 molecules RS

#1: Protein Apelin receptor / Angiotensin receptor-like 1 / G-protein coupled receptor APJ / G-protein coupled receptor HG11


Mass: 42696.301 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: APLNR, AGTRL1, APJ / Cell (production host): Sf9 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P35414
#5: Antibody scFv16


Mass: 26610.615 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) synthetic construct (others) / Cell (production host): Hi5 / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
#6: Chemical ChemComp-A1D5N / (3~{S})-5-methyl-3-[[1-pentan-3-yl-2-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)benzimidazol-5-yl]carbonylamino]hexanoic acid / CMF019


Mass: 455.613 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C25H33N3O3S

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Cryo-EM structure of the CMF-019-bound human APLNR-Gi complex
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#5 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenConc.: 15 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 1800 nm / Nominal defocus min: 800 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 2.7 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 75660 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.029269
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.70812583
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d7.9885456
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0931408
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0091573

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