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- PDB-8vlv: Cryo-EM structure of human HGSNAT in inactive state -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8vlv
TitleCryo-EM structure of human HGSNAT in inactive state
ComponentsHeparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / TRANSFERASE / Lysosome / Transmembrane acetyltransferase
Function / homology
Function and homology information


heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase / heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase activity / MPS IIIC - Sanfilippo syndrome C / heparan sulfate proteoglycan catabolic process / HS-GAG degradation / lysosomal transport / acyltransferase activity / protein complex oligomerization / tertiary granule membrane / specific granule membrane ...heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase / heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase activity / MPS IIIC - Sanfilippo syndrome C / heparan sulfate proteoglycan catabolic process / HS-GAG degradation / lysosomal transport / acyltransferase activity / protein complex oligomerization / tertiary granule membrane / specific granule membrane / lysosomal lumen / lysosomal membrane / Neutrophil degranulation / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase, catalytic domain / Heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase, catalytic
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.49 Å
AuthorsLi, F.
Funding support United States, 2items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Mental Health (NIH/NIMH)K99MH119591 United States
Other private United States
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2024
Title: Structural and mechanistic insights into a lysosomal membrane enzyme HGSNAT involved in Sanfilippo syndrome.
Authors: Boyang Zhao / Zhongzheng Cao / Yi Zheng / Phuong Nguyen / Alisa Bowen / Robert H Edwards / Robert M Stroud / Yi Zhou / Menno Van Lookeren Campagne / Fei Li /
Abstract: Heparan sulfate (HS) is degraded in lysosome by a series of glycosidases. Before the glycosidases can act, the terminal glucosamine of HS must be acetylated by the integral lysosomal membrane enzyme ...Heparan sulfate (HS) is degraded in lysosome by a series of glycosidases. Before the glycosidases can act, the terminal glucosamine of HS must be acetylated by the integral lysosomal membrane enzyme heparan-α-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase (HGSNAT). Mutations of HGSNAT cause HS accumulation and consequently mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC, a devastating lysosomal storage disease characterized by progressive neurological deterioration and early death where no treatment is available. HGSNAT catalyzes a unique transmembrane acetylation reaction where the acetyl group of cytosolic acetyl-CoA is transported across the lysosomal membrane and attached to HS in one reaction. However, the reaction mechanism remains elusive. Here we report six cryo-EM structures of HGSNAT along the reaction pathway. These structures reveal a dimer arrangement and a unique structural fold, which enables the elucidation of the reaction mechanism. We find that a central pore within each monomer traverses the membrane and controls access of cytosolic acetyl-CoA to the active site at its luminal mouth where glucosamine binds. A histidine-aspartic acid catalytic dyad catalyzes the transfer reaction via a ternary complex mechanism. Furthermore, the structures allow the mapping of disease-causing variants and reveal their potential impact on the function, thus creating a framework to guide structure-based drug discovery efforts.
History
DepositionJan 12, 2024Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Jun 26, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Oct 16, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Structure summary
Category: citation / citation_author ...citation / citation_author / em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification
Revision 1.2Oct 23, 2024Group: Data collection / Category: em_admin / Item: _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase
B: Heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)148,70310
Polymers146,7302
Non-polymers1,9738
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase / Transmembrane protein 76


Mass: 73365.039 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: HGSNAT, TMEM76 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: Q68CP4, heparan-alpha-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase
#2: Polysaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#3: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 7
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: purified human HGSNAT / Type: ORGANELLE OR CELLULAR COMPONENT / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.073 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenConc.: 2.9 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 22000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 10000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 54 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.20.1_4487: / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.49 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 134353 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0038495
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.51811634
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d7.3861208
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0411389
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0041426

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