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- PDB-8v54: Engaged conformation of the human mitochondrial DNA polymerase ga... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8v54
TitleEngaged conformation of the human mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma bound to DNA
Components
  • DNA (25-MER)
  • DNA (44-MER)
  • DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1
  • DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2, mitochondrial
KeywordsDNA BINDING PROTEIN/DNA / Mitochondria DNA polymerase / DNA polymerase gamma / Mitochondrial DNA replication / DNA binding protein / DNA BINDING PROTEIN-DNA complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


gamma DNA polymerase complex / mitochondrial DNA replication / positive regulation of DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity / single-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters / DNA replication proofreading / DNA metabolic process / DNA polymerase processivity factor activity / mitochondrial nucleoid / Lyases; Carbon-oxygen lyases; Other carbon-oxygen lyases ...gamma DNA polymerase complex / mitochondrial DNA replication / positive regulation of DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity / single-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters / DNA replication proofreading / DNA metabolic process / DNA polymerase processivity factor activity / mitochondrial nucleoid / Lyases; Carbon-oxygen lyases; Other carbon-oxygen lyases / 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity / DNA polymerase binding / 3'-5' exonuclease activity / base-excision repair, gap-filling / Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis / base-excision repair / DNA-templated DNA replication / double-stranded DNA binding / protease binding / in utero embryonic development / DNA-directed DNA polymerase / DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity / mitochondrial matrix / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / chromatin binding / protein-containing complex / mitochondrion / DNA binding / identical protein binding / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
DNA-directed DNA-polymerase, family A, mitochondria / DNA mitochondrial polymerase, exonuclease domain / : / DNA mitochondrial polymerase exonuclease domain / POLG2, C-terminal / Glycyl-tRNA synthetase/DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2 / Anticodon-binding / Anticodon binding domain / Anticodon-binding domain superfamily / DNA-directed DNA polymerase, family A, conserved site ...DNA-directed DNA-polymerase, family A, mitochondria / DNA mitochondrial polymerase, exonuclease domain / : / DNA mitochondrial polymerase exonuclease domain / POLG2, C-terminal / Glycyl-tRNA synthetase/DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2 / Anticodon-binding / Anticodon binding domain / Anticodon-binding domain superfamily / DNA-directed DNA polymerase, family A, conserved site / DNA polymerase family A signature. / DNA-directed DNA polymerase, family A, palm domain / DNA polymerase A domain / Class II Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/Biotinyl protein ligase (BPL) and lipoyl protein ligase (LPL) / Ribonuclease H-like superfamily / DNA/RNA polymerase superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
DNA / DNA (> 10) / DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1 / DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.1 Å
AuthorsRiccio, A.A. / Krahn, J.M. / Bouvette, J. / Borgnia, J.M. / Copeland, W.C.
Funding support United States, 3items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS)Z01 ES065078 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS)Z01 ES065078 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS)ZIC ES 103326 United States
CitationJournal: Nucleic Acids Res / Year: 2024
Title: Coordinated DNA polymerization by Polγ and the region of LonP1 regulated proteolysis.
Authors: Amanda A Riccio / Asia J Brannon / Juno M Krahn / Jonathan Bouvette / Jason G Williams / Mario J Borgnia / William C Copeland /
Abstract: The replicative mitochondrial DNA polymerase, Polγ, and its protein regulation are essential for the integrity of the mitochondrial genome. The intricacies of Polγ regulation and its interactions ...The replicative mitochondrial DNA polymerase, Polγ, and its protein regulation are essential for the integrity of the mitochondrial genome. The intricacies of Polγ regulation and its interactions with regulatory proteins, which are essential for fine-tuning polymerase function, remain poorly understood. Misregulation of the Polγ heterotrimer, consisting of (i) PolG, the polymerase catalytic subunit and (ii) PolG2, the accessory subunit, ultimately results in mitochondrial diseases. Here, we used single particle cryo-electron microscopy to resolve the structure of PolG in its apoprotein state and we captured Polγ at three intermediates within the catalytic cycle: DNA bound, engaged, and an active polymerization state. Chemical crosslinking mass spectrometry, and site-directed mutagenesis uncovered the region of LonP1 engagement of PolG, which promoted proteolysis and regulation of PolG protein levels. PolG2 clinical variants, which disrupted a stable Polγ complex, led to enhanced LonP1-mediated PolG degradation. Overall, this insight into Polγ aids in an understanding of mitochondrial DNA replication and characterizes how machinery of the replication fork may be targeted for proteolytic degradation when improperly functioning.
History
DepositionNov 30, 2023Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Jul 10, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1
B: DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2, mitochondrial
C: DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2, mitochondrial
P: DNA (25-MER)
T: DNA (44-MER)


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)267,4925
Polymers267,4925
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1


Mass: 138723.438 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: D198A, E200A
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLG / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: P54098
#2: Protein DNA polymerase subunit gamma-2, mitochondrial / DNA polymerase gamma accessory 55 kDa subunit / p55 / Mitochondrial DNA polymerase accessory ...DNA polymerase gamma accessory 55 kDa subunit / p55 / Mitochondrial DNA polymerase accessory subunit / MtPolB / PolG-beta


Mass: 53787.281 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: POLG2, MTPOLB / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / Strain (production host): bl21DE3 / References: UniProt: Q9UHN1
#3: DNA chain DNA (25-MER)


Mass: 7595.886 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Homo sapiens (human)
#4: DNA chain DNA (44-MER)


Mass: 13597.686 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Homo sapiens (human)

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Complex of the human mitochondrial DNA Polymerase Gamma (POLG/POLG2 heterotrimer) bound to a DNA fork in an engaged conformation
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: MULTIPLE SOURCES
Molecular weightValue: 0.220 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / Strain: BL21 (De3)
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenConc.: 0.22 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TALOS ARCTICA
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 200 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)
Image scansWidth: 3708 / Height: 3838

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Processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 4.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 43451 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00415836
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.89821653
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d14.8592395
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0452357
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0072620

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