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- PDB-8q7s: Crystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD (Wuhan) with neutralizing... -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8q7s
TitleCrystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD (Wuhan) with neutralizing VHHs Ma6F06 and Re21H01
Components
  • (VHH Antibody ...) x 2
  • Spike protein S1
KeywordsANTIVIRAL PROTEIN / SARS-CoV-2 / VHH Antibody / Nanobody
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell ...Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor ligand activity / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
1-ETHOXY-2-(2-ETHOXYETHOXY)ETHANE / Spike glycoprotein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vicugna pacos (alpaca)
MethodX-RAY DIFFRACTION / SYNCHROTRON / MOLECULAR REPLACEMENT / Resolution: 2.7 Å
AuthorsGuttler, T. / Aksu, M. / Gorlich, D.
Funding support Germany, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Max Planck Society Germany
Citation
Journal: Antiviral Res / Year: 2024
Title: Nanobodies to multiple spike variants and inhalation of nanobody-containing aerosols neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture and hamsters.
Authors: Metin Aksu / Priya Kumar / Thomas Güttler / Waltraud Taxer / Kathrin Gregor / Bianka Mußil / Oleh Rymarenko / Kim M Stegmann / Antje Dickmanns / Sabrina Gerber / Wencke Reineking / Claudia ...Authors: Metin Aksu / Priya Kumar / Thomas Güttler / Waltraud Taxer / Kathrin Gregor / Bianka Mußil / Oleh Rymarenko / Kim M Stegmann / Antje Dickmanns / Sabrina Gerber / Wencke Reineking / Claudia Schulz / Timo Henneck / Ahmed Mohamed / Gerhard Pohlmann / Mehmet Ramazanoglu / Kemal Mese / Uwe Groß / Tamar Ben-Yedidia / Oded Ovadia / Dalit Weinstein Fischer / Merav Kamensky / Amir Reichman / Wolfgang Baumgärtner / Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede / Matthias Dobbelstein / Dirk Görlich /
Abstract: The ongoing threat of COVID-19 has highlighted the need for effective prophylaxis and convenient therapies, especially for outpatient settings. We have previously developed highly potent single- ...The ongoing threat of COVID-19 has highlighted the need for effective prophylaxis and convenient therapies, especially for outpatient settings. We have previously developed highly potent single-domain (VHH) antibodies, also known as nanobodies, that target the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and neutralize the Wuhan strain of the virus. In this study, we present a new generation of anti-RBD nanobodies with superior properties. The primary representative of this group, Re32D03, neutralizes Alpha to Delta as well as Omicron BA.2.75; other members neutralize, in addition, Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, and XBB.1. Crystal structures of RBD-nanobody complexes reveal how ACE2-binding is blocked and also explain the nanobodies' tolerance to immune escape mutations. Through the cryo-EM structure of the Ma16B06-BA.1 Spike complex, we demonstrated how a single nanobody molecule can neutralize a trimeric spike. We also describe a method for large-scale production of these nanobodies in Pichia pastoris, and for formulating them into aerosols. Exposing hamsters to these aerosols, before or even 24 h after infection with SARS-CoV-2, significantly reduced virus load, weight loss and pathogenicity. These results show the potential of aerosolized nanobodies for prophylaxis and therapy of coronavirus infections.
#1: Journal: Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol / Year: 2019
Title: Macromolecular structure determination using X-rays, neutrons and electrons: recent developments in Phenix.
Authors: Dorothee Liebschner / Pavel V Afonine / Matthew L Baker / Gábor Bunkóczi / Vincent B Chen / Tristan I Croll / Bradley Hintze / Li Wei Hung / Swati Jain / Airlie J McCoy / Nigel W Moriarty ...Authors: Dorothee Liebschner / Pavel V Afonine / Matthew L Baker / Gábor Bunkóczi / Vincent B Chen / Tristan I Croll / Bradley Hintze / Li Wei Hung / Swati Jain / Airlie J McCoy / Nigel W Moriarty / Robert D Oeffner / Billy K Poon / Michael G Prisant / Randy J Read / Jane S Richardson / David C Richardson / Massimo D Sammito / Oleg V Sobolev / Duncan H Stockwell / Thomas C Terwilliger / Alexandre G Urzhumtsev / Lizbeth L Videau / Christopher J Williams / Paul D Adams /
Abstract: Diffraction (X-ray, neutron and electron) and electron cryo-microscopy are powerful methods to determine three-dimensional macromolecular structures, which are required to understand biological ...Diffraction (X-ray, neutron and electron) and electron cryo-microscopy are powerful methods to determine three-dimensional macromolecular structures, which are required to understand biological processes and to develop new therapeutics against diseases. The overall structure-solution workflow is similar for these techniques, but nuances exist because the properties of the reduced experimental data are different. Software tools for structure determination should therefore be tailored for each method. Phenix is a comprehensive software package for macromolecular structure determination that handles data from any of these techniques. Tasks performed with Phenix include data-quality assessment, map improvement, model building, the validation/rebuilding/refinement cycle and deposition. Each tool caters to the type of experimental data. The design of Phenix emphasizes the automation of procedures, where possible, to minimize repetitive and time-consuming manual tasks, while default parameters are chosen to encourage best practice. A graphical user interface provides access to many command-line features of Phenix and streamlines the transition between programs, project tracking and re-running of previous tasks.
#2: Journal: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr / Year: 2012
Title: Towards automated crystallographic structure refinement with phenix.refine.
Authors: Afonine, P.V. / Grosse-Kunstleve, R.W. / Echols, N. / Headd, J.J. / Moriarty, N.W. / Mustyakimov, M. / Terwilliger, T.C. / Urzhumtsev, A. / Zwart, P.H. / Adams, P.D.
#3: Journal: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr / Year: 2010
Title: XDS
Authors: Kabsch, W.
#4: Journal: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr / Year: 2007
Title: Solving structures of protein complexes by molecular replacement with Phaser.
Authors: McCoy, A.J.
#5: Journal: Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr / Year: 2010
Title: Features and development of Coot.
Authors: P Emsley / B Lohkamp / W G Scott / K Cowtan /
Abstract: Coot is a molecular-graphics application for model building and validation of biological macromolecules. The program displays electron-density maps and atomic models and allows model manipulations ...Coot is a molecular-graphics application for model building and validation of biological macromolecules. The program displays electron-density maps and atomic models and allows model manipulations such as idealization, real-space refinement, manual rotation/translation, rigid-body fitting, ligand search, solvation, mutations, rotamers and Ramachandran idealization. Furthermore, tools are provided for model validation as well as interfaces to external programs for refinement, validation and graphics. The software is designed to be easy to learn for novice users, which is achieved by ensuring that tools for common tasks are 'discoverable' through familiar user-interface elements (menus and toolbars) or by intuitive behaviour (mouse controls). Recent developments have focused on providing tools for expert users, with customisable key bindings, extensions and an extensive scripting interface. The software is under rapid development, but has already achieved very widespread use within the crystallographic community. The current state of the software is presented, with a description of the facilities available and of some of the underlying methods employed.
History
DepositionAug 16, 2023Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Dec 20, 2023Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Dec 27, 2023Group: Database references / Category: citation / Item: _citation.journal_volume
Revision 1.2Jan 17, 2024Group: Database references / Category: struct_ref / struct_ref_seq_dif
Item: _struct_ref.pdbx_align_begin / _struct_ref_seq_dif.details
Revision 1.3Nov 20, 2024Group: Structure summary / Category: pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature / Item: _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Spike protein S1
B: VHH Antibody Re21H01
C: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
D: Spike protein S1
E: VHH Antibody Re21H01
F: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
G: Spike protein S1
H: VHH Antibody Re21H01
I: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
J: Spike protein S1
K: VHH Antibody Re21H01
L: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
M: Spike protein S1
N: VHH Antibody Re21H01
O: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)242,45123
Polymers241,76415
Non-polymers6878
Water3,963220
1
A: Spike protein S1
B: VHH Antibody Re21H01
C: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)48,6396
Polymers48,3533
Non-polymers2863
Water543
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area3850 Å2
ΔGint-18 kcal/mol
Surface area19030 Å2
MethodPISA
2
D: Spike protein S1
E: VHH Antibody Re21H01
F: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)48,4154
Polymers48,3533
Non-polymers621
Water543
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area3820 Å2
ΔGint-18 kcal/mol
Surface area18940 Å2
MethodPISA
3
G: Spike protein S1
H: VHH Antibody Re21H01
I: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)48,5375
Polymers48,3533
Non-polymers1842
Water543
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area4140 Å2
ΔGint-21 kcal/mol
Surface area18950 Å2
MethodPISA
4
J: Spike protein S1
K: VHH Antibody Re21H01
L: VHH Antibody Ma6F06


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)48,3533
Polymers48,3533
Non-polymers00
Water543
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area3700 Å2
ΔGint-20 kcal/mol
Surface area18600 Å2
MethodPISA
5
M: Spike protein S1
N: VHH Antibody Re21H01
O: VHH Antibody Ma6F06
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)48,5075
Polymers48,3533
Non-polymers1542
Water543
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area4120 Å2
ΔGint-16 kcal/mol
Surface area19440 Å2
MethodPISA
Unit cell
Length a, b, c (Å)66.235, 100.836, 192.173
Angle α, β, γ (deg.)90.000, 95.630, 90.000
Int Tables number4
Space group name H-MP1211
Space group name HallP2yb
Symmetry operation#1: x,y,z
#2: -x,y+1/2,-z

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Components

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Protein , 1 types, 5 molecules ADGJM

#1: Protein
Spike protein S1


Mass: 21949.504 Da / Num. of mol.: 5
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Gene: S, 2 / Production host: Komagataella pastoris (fungus) / References: UniProt: P0DTC2

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Antibody , 2 types, 10 molecules BEHKNCFILO

#2: Antibody
VHH Antibody Re21H01


Mass: 12350.703 Da / Num. of mol.: 5
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Vicugna pacos (alpaca) / Production host: Komagataella pastoris (fungus)
#3: Antibody
VHH Antibody Ma6F06


Mass: 14052.618 Da / Num. of mol.: 5
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Vicugna pacos (alpaca) / Production host: Komagataella pastoris (fungus)

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Non-polymers , 4 types, 228 molecules

#4: Chemical ChemComp-P4G / 1-ETHOXY-2-(2-ETHOXYETHOXY)ETHANE


Mass: 162.227 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H18O3
#5: Chemical
ChemComp-EDO / 1,2-ETHANEDIOL / ETHYLENE GLYCOL


Mass: 62.068 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: C2H6O2
#6: Chemical ChemComp-GOL / GLYCEROL / GLYCERIN / PROPANE-1,2,3-TRIOL


Mass: 92.094 Da / Num. of mol.: 3 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C3H8O3
#7: Water ChemComp-HOH / water


Mass: 18.015 Da / Num. of mol.: 220 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: H2O

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Details

Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: X-RAY DIFFRACTION / Number of used crystals: 1

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Sample preparation

CrystalDensity Matthews: 2.64 Å3/Da / Density % sol: 53.44 %
Crystal growTemperature: 293.15 K / Method: vapor diffusion, sitting drop / pH: 4.5 / Details: 0.1 M Sodium Citrate pH 4.5 20% (w/v) PEG 4000

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Data collection

DiffractionMean temperature: 100 K / Serial crystal experiment: N
Diffraction sourceSource: SYNCHROTRON / Site: SLS / Beamline: X10SA / Wavelength: 1 Å
DetectorType: DECTRIS EIGER X 16M / Detector: PIXEL / Date: Apr 4, 2022
RadiationProtocol: SINGLE WAVELENGTH / Monochromatic (M) / Laue (L): M / Scattering type: x-ray
Radiation wavelengthWavelength: 1 Å / Relative weight: 1
ReflectionResolution: 2.48→48.25 Å / Num. obs: 161468 / % possible obs: 91.6 % / Redundancy: 3 % / Biso Wilson estimate: 56.79 Å2 / CC1/2: 0.989 / Rmerge(I) obs: 0.14 / Rrim(I) all: 0.169 / Net I/σ(I): 6.02
Reflection shell
Resolution (Å)Rmerge(I) obsNum. unique obsCC1/2Rrim(I) allDiffraction-ID
2.48-2.631.204222930.4961.5161
2.63-2.810.918237800.6241.1171
2.81-3.030.573228990.7530.6971
3.03-3.320.313213970.8940.3831
3.32-3.710.176197050.9660.2121
3.71-4.280.117177610.9880.1391
4.28-5.230.087151070.9850.1041
5.23-7.350.087118950.9860.1031

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Processing

Software
NameVersionClassification
PHENIX1.20.1_4487refinement
XDSVERSION Jan 10, 2022 BUILT=20220110data scaling
XDSVERSION Jan 10, 2022 BUILT=20220110data reduction
PHASER2.8.2phasing
RefinementMethod to determine structure: MOLECULAR REPLACEMENT / Resolution: 2.7→48.25 Å / SU ML: 0.5562 / Cross valid method: FREE R-VALUE / σ(F): 1.34 / Phase error: 34.9673
Stereochemistry target values: GeoStd + Monomer Library + CDL v1.2
RfactorNum. reflection% reflection
Rfree0.2827 1594 2.32 %
Rwork0.2325 66999 -
obs0.2336 68593 98.91 %
Solvent computationShrinkage radii: 0.9 Å / VDW probe radii: 1.11 Å / Solvent model: FLAT BULK SOLVENT MODEL
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 60.59 Å2
Refinement stepCycle: LAST / Resolution: 2.7→48.25 Å
ProteinNucleic acidLigandSolventTotal
Num. atoms16442 0 45 220 16707
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONf_bond_d0.001716911
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONf_angle_d0.461622964
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONf_chiral_restr0.0422432
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONf_plane_restr0.00363012
X-RAY DIFFRACTIONf_dihedral_angle_d9.98236039
LS refinement shell
Resolution (Å)Rfactor RfreeNum. reflection RfreeRfactor RworkNum. reflection RworkRefine-ID% reflection obs (%)
2.7-2.790.51711500.43166061X-RAY DIFFRACTION98.49
2.79-2.890.47191430.37646045X-RAY DIFFRACTION98.52
2.89-30.39851470.34866018X-RAY DIFFRACTION98.45
3-3.140.38471360.32486050X-RAY DIFFRACTION98.61
3.14-3.30.31941390.28866043X-RAY DIFFRACTION98.61
3.3-3.510.3551500.25586028X-RAY DIFFRACTION98.72
3.51-3.780.29971400.22966087X-RAY DIFFRACTION99.06
3.78-4.160.23851450.20746142X-RAY DIFFRACTION99.12
4.16-4.760.20061440.17316111X-RAY DIFFRACTION99.46
4.76-60.23861510.1926176X-RAY DIFFRACTION99.5
6-48.250.2421490.18846238X-RAY DIFFRACTION99.42

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