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- PDB-8p31: Structure of human SIT1:ACE2 complex (closed PD conformation) bou... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8p31
TitleStructure of human SIT1:ACE2 complex (closed PD conformation) bound to L-pipecolate
Components
  • Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
  • Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / amino acid transporter / proline / SLC6A20 / ACE2
Function / homology
Function and homology information


proline:sodium symporter activity / L-isoleucine transmembrane transporter activity / solute:sodium symporter activity / L-isoleucine import across plasma membrane / L-proline import across plasma membrane / Variant SLC6A20 contributes towards hyperglycinuria (HG) and iminoglycinuria (IG) / Variant SLC6A20 contributes towards hyperglycinuria (HG) and iminoglycinuria (IG) / amino-acid betaine transport / proline import across plasma membrane / L-proline transmembrane transporter activity ...proline:sodium symporter activity / L-isoleucine transmembrane transporter activity / solute:sodium symporter activity / L-isoleucine import across plasma membrane / L-proline import across plasma membrane / Variant SLC6A20 contributes towards hyperglycinuria (HG) and iminoglycinuria (IG) / Variant SLC6A20 contributes towards hyperglycinuria (HG) and iminoglycinuria (IG) / amino-acid betaine transport / proline import across plasma membrane / L-proline transmembrane transporter activity / amino-acid betaine transmembrane transporter activity / glycine import across plasma membrane / glycine transport / amino acid import across plasma membrane / proline transport / neutral L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity / amino acid transmembrane transporter activity / Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane / Na+/Cl- dependent neurotransmitter transporters / amino acid transport / positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / regulation of vasoconstriction / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / transport across blood-brain barrier / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / carboxypeptidase activity / angiotensin maturation / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / Attachment and Entry / metallocarboxypeptidase activity / viral life cycle / sodium ion transmembrane transport / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / regulation of cytokine production / regulation of transmembrane transporter activity / blood vessel diameter maintenance / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / brush border membrane / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / metallopeptidase activity / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / endocytic vesicle membrane / regulation of cell population proliferation / virus receptor activity / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / Potential therapeutics for SARS / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / cilium / apical plasma membrane / membrane raft / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / symbiont entry into host cell / cell surface / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / zinc ion binding / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Neutral amino acid SLC6 transporter / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family signature 2. / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family signature 1. / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter superfamily / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family profile. / Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. ...Neutral amino acid SLC6 transporter / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family signature 2. / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family signature 1. / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter superfamily / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family / Sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family profile. / Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature.
Similarity search - Domain/homology
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose / (2S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.24 Å
AuthorsLi, H.Z. / Pike, A.C.W. / Chi, G. / Hansen, J.S. / Lee, S.G. / Rodstrom, K.E.J. / Bushell, S.R. / Speedman, D. / Evans, A. / Wang, D. ...Li, H.Z. / Pike, A.C.W. / Chi, G. / Hansen, J.S. / Lee, S.G. / Rodstrom, K.E.J. / Bushell, S.R. / Speedman, D. / Evans, A. / Wang, D. / He, D. / Shrestha, L. / Nasrallah, C. / Chalk, R. / Moreira, T. / MacLean, E.M. / Marsden, B. / Bountra, C. / Burgess-Brown, N.A. / Dafforn, T.R. / Carpenter, E.P. / Sauer, D.B.
Funding support United Kingdom, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
UK Research and Innovation (UKRI)BB/V018051/1 United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2024
Title: Structure and function of the SIT1 proline transporter in complex with the COVID-19 receptor ACE2.
Authors: Huanyu Z Li / Ashley C W Pike / Irina Lotsaris / Gamma Chi / Jesper S Hansen / Sarah C Lee / Karin E J Rödström / Simon R Bushell / David Speedman / Adam Evans / Dong Wang / Didi He / ...Authors: Huanyu Z Li / Ashley C W Pike / Irina Lotsaris / Gamma Chi / Jesper S Hansen / Sarah C Lee / Karin E J Rödström / Simon R Bushell / David Speedman / Adam Evans / Dong Wang / Didi He / Leela Shrestha / Chady Nasrallah / Nicola A Burgess-Brown / Robert J Vandenberg / Timothy R Dafforn / Elisabeth P Carpenter / David B Sauer /
Abstract: Proline is widely known as the only proteogenic amino acid with a secondary amine. In addition to its crucial role in protein structure, the secondary amino acid modulates neurotransmission and ...Proline is widely known as the only proteogenic amino acid with a secondary amine. In addition to its crucial role in protein structure, the secondary amino acid modulates neurotransmission and regulates the kinetics of signaling proteins. To understand the structural basis of proline import, we solved the structure of the proline transporter SIT1 in complex with the COVID-19 viral receptor ACE2 by cryo-electron microscopy. The structure of pipecolate-bound SIT1 reveals the specific sequence requirements for proline transport in the SLC6 family and how this protein excludes amino acids with extended side chains. By comparing apo and substrate-bound SIT1 states, we also identify the structural changes that link substrate release and opening of the cytoplasmic gate and provide an explanation for how a missense mutation in the transporter causes iminoglycinuria.
History
DepositionMay 16, 2023Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Jun 12, 2024Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jul 10, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.2Nov 20, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
B: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
C: Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3
D: Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)335,11226
Polymers329,6044
Non-polymers5,50822
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area13550 Å2
ΔGint-37 kcal/mol
Surface area113860 Å2

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Components

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Protein , 2 types, 4 molecules ABCD

#1: Protein Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2


Mass: 93425.570 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: ACE2, UNQ868/PRO1885 / Plasmid: pHTBV1.1-CT10H-SIII-LIC / Cell line (production host): HEK293 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9BYF1
#2: Protein Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3 / Sodium/imino-acid transporter 1 / Solute carrier family 6 member 20 / Transporter rB21A homolog


Mass: 71376.258 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SLC6A20, SIT1, XT3, XTRP3 / Plasmid: pHTBV1.1-CT10H-SIII-LIC / Cell line (production host): HEK293 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9NP91

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Sugars , 4 types, 18 molecules

#3: Polysaccharide beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta- ...beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 586.542 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/2,3,2/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5]/1-1-2/a4-b1_b4-c1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#4: Polysaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-ROHGlycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[][D-1-deoxy-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#6: Sugar ChemComp-NDG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / 2-(ACETYLAMINO)-2-DEOXY-A-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE


Type: D-saccharide, alpha linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcaCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-a-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
a-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
#7: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 12 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0

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Non-polymers , 2 types, 4 molecules

#5: Chemical ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn
#8: Chemical ChemComp-YCP / (2S)-piperidine-2-carboxylic acid


Type: L-peptide linking / Mass: 129.157 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C6H11NO2 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: SIT1:ACE2 complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#2 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.34 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
Buffer component
IDConc.NameBuffer-ID
125 mMTris1
2150 mMsodium chloride1
30.02 w/vglyco-diosgenin (GDN)1
410 mMpipecolic acid1
SpecimenConc.: 4 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 200 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K / Details: grid blotted for 4sec after a 20sec wait time

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 105000 X / Nominal defocus max: 2400 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1200 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 50 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 1.77 sec. / Electron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 13194
Details: Images were collected in super-resolution mode EPU bin2
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum / Energyfilter slit width: 20 eV
Image scansMovie frames/image: 50 / Used frames/image: 1-50

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARC3.3.1particle selection
2EPUimage acquisition
4cryoSPARC3.3.1CTF correction
7Coot0.9.6model fitting
9cryoSPARC3.3.1initial Euler assignment
12cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
13PHENIX1.20.1_4487model refinement
CTF correctionDetails: Patch CTF correction / Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 808912
Details: particles from template and TOPAZ trained picking after initial 2D classification to remove junk
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C2 (2 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.24 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 154699 / Algorithm: FOURIER SPACE / Num. of class averages: 1 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingB value: 75 / Protocol: OTHER / Space: REAL
Details: Initial model fitting was peformed in Chimera and model building in COOT
Atomic model buildingPDB-ID: 6M18

6m18


Pdb chain-ID: C / Accession code: 6M18 / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00321304
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.55229072
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d12.4797386
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.043290
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0053668

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