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- PDB-8hj0: GPR21(m5) and G15 complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 8hj0
TitleGPR21(m5) and G15 complex
Components
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
  • Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
  • Nb35
  • Probable G-protein coupled receptor 21
KeywordsSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN / GPCR / orphan receptor
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of multicellular organism growth / PKA activation in glucagon signalling / developmental growth / hair follicle placode formation / D1 dopamine receptor binding / intracellular transport / vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress / renal water homeostasis / activation of adenylate cyclase activity / Hedgehog 'off' state ...positive regulation of multicellular organism growth / PKA activation in glucagon signalling / developmental growth / hair follicle placode formation / D1 dopamine receptor binding / intracellular transport / vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress / renal water homeostasis / activation of adenylate cyclase activity / Hedgehog 'off' state / adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway / cellular response to glucagon stimulus / regulation of insulin secretion / negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway / adenylate cyclase activator activity / trans-Golgi network membrane / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / G protein-coupled receptor activity / bone development / platelet aggregation / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / cognition / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / sensory perception of smell / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / insulin receptor signaling pathway / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / glucose homeostasis / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis / retina development in camera-type eye / G protein activity / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / fibroblast proliferation / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / G alpha (i) signalling events / G alpha (s) signalling events / phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G alpha (q) signalling events / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on GTP to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / Ras protein signal transduction / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / cell population proliferation / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / lysosomal membrane / GTPase activity / synapse / GTP binding / protein-containing complex binding / signal transduction / extracellular exosome / metal ion binding / membrane / plasma membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
: / Rhopdopsin 7-helix transmembrane proteins / Rhodopsin 7-helix transmembrane proteins / G-protein alpha subunit, group S / YVTN repeat-like/Quinoprotein amine dehydrogenase / 7 Propeller / Methylamine Dehydrogenase; Chain H / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit ...: / Rhopdopsin 7-helix transmembrane proteins / Rhodopsin 7-helix transmembrane proteins / G-protein alpha subunit, group S / YVTN repeat-like/Quinoprotein amine dehydrogenase / 7 Propeller / Methylamine Dehydrogenase; Chain H / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / P-loop containing nucleotide triphosphate hydrolases / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / Up-down Bundle / Rossmann fold / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase / 3-Layer(aba) Sandwich / Mainly Beta / Mainly Alpha / Alpha Beta
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short / Probable G-protein coupled receptor 21
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.12 Å
AuthorsChen, B. / Lin, X.
Funding support China, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) China
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2023
Title: Cryo-EM structures of orphan GPR21 signaling complexes.
Authors: Xi Lin / Bo Chen / Yiran Wu / Yingqi Han / Ao Qi / Junyan Wang / Zhao Yang / Xiaohu Wei / Tingting Zhao / Lijie Wu / Xin Xie / Jinpeng Sun / Jie Zheng / Suwen Zhao / Fei Xu /
Abstract: GPR21 is a class-A orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders. This receptor shows high basal activity in coupling ...GPR21 is a class-A orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders. This receptor shows high basal activity in coupling to multiple G proteins in the absence of any known endogenous agonist or synthetic ligand. Here, we present the structures of ligand-free human GPR21 bound to heterotrimeric miniGs and miniG15 proteins, respectively. We identified an agonist-like motif in extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) that occupies the orthosteric pocket and promotes receptor activation. A side pocket that may be employed as a new ligand binding site was also uncovered. Remarkably, G protein binding is accommodated by a flexible cytoplasmic portion of transmembrane helix 6 (TM6) which adopts little or undetectable outward movement. These findings will enable the design of modulators for GPR21 for understanding its signal transduction and exploring opportunity for deorphanization.
History
DepositionNov 22, 2022Deposition site: PDBJ / Processing site: PDBJ
Revision 1.0Mar 15, 2023Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Oct 30, 2024Group: Data collection / Structure summary
Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond ...chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Revision 1.2Jul 2, 2025Group: Data collection / Category: em_software / Item: _em_software.name

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short
B: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
G: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
N: Nb35
R: Probable G-protein coupled receptor 21


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)130,9675
Polymers130,9675
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short / Adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein


Mass: 28768.418 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: G49D,E50N,A249D,S252D,I372A,V375I
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNAS, GNAS1, GSP / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: P63092
#2: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Transducin beta chain 1 / G protein beta subunit


Mass: 37416.930 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNB1 / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) / References: UniProt: P62873
#3: Protein Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / G gamma-I


Mass: 10366.764 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: C68S
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GNG2 / Production host: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) / References: UniProt: P59768
#4: Protein Nb35


Mass: 16054.232 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
#5: Protein Probable G-protein coupled receptor 21


Mass: 38360.680 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GPR21 / Production host: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) / References: UniProt: Q99679
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: GPR21(m5) and G15 complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2200 nm / Nominal defocus min: 700 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.18.2_3874: / Classification: refinement
EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.12 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 119479 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.0068443
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.98111449
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d8.3321136
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0581287
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0081457

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