ジャーナル: Nat Chem Biol / 年: 2023 タイトル: Molecular basis for the selective G protein signaling of somatostatin receptors. 著者: Sijia Chen / Xiao Teng / Sanduo Zheng / 要旨: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) modulate every aspect of physiological functions mainly through activating heterotrimeric G proteins. A majority of GPCRs promiscuously couple to multiple G ...G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) modulate every aspect of physiological functions mainly through activating heterotrimeric G proteins. A majority of GPCRs promiscuously couple to multiple G protein subtypes. Here we validate that in addition to the well-known G pathway, somatostatin receptor 2 and 5 (SSTR2 and SSTR5) couple to the G pathway and show that smaller ligands preferentially activate the G pathway. We further determined cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SSTR2‒G and SSTR2‒G complexes bound to octreotide and SST-14. Structural and functional analysis revealed that G protein selectivity of SSTRs is not only determined by structural elements in the receptor-G protein interface, but also by the conformation of the agonist-binding pocket. Accordingly, smaller ligands fail to stabilize a broader agonist-binding pocket of SSTRs that is required for efficient G coupling but not G coupling. Our studies facilitate the design of drugs with selective G protein signaling to improve therapeutic efficacy.
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