National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
Citation
Journal: Commun Biol / Year: 2022 Title: Conformational flexibility in neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by naturally elicited anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Authors: Ruofan Li / Michael Mor / Bingting Ma / Alex E Clark / Joel Alter / Michal Werbner / Jamie Casey Lee / Sandra L Leibel / Aaron F Carlin / Moshe Dessau / Meital Gal-Tanamy / Ben A Croker / Ye ...Authors: Ruofan Li / Michael Mor / Bingting Ma / Alex E Clark / Joel Alter / Michal Werbner / Jamie Casey Lee / Sandra L Leibel / Aaron F Carlin / Moshe Dessau / Meital Gal-Tanamy / Ben A Croker / Ye Xiang / Natalia T Freund / Abstract: As new variants of SARS-CoV-2 continue to emerge, it is important to assess the cross-neutralizing capabilities of antibodies naturally elicited during wild type SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present ...As new variants of SARS-CoV-2 continue to emerge, it is important to assess the cross-neutralizing capabilities of antibodies naturally elicited during wild type SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the present study, we evaluate the activity of nine anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), previously isolated from convalescent donors infected with the Wuhan-Hu-1 strain, against the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. By testing an array of mutated spike receptor binding domain (RBD) proteins, cell-expressed spike proteins from VOCs, and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs as pseudoviruses, or as the authentic viruses in culture, we show that mAbs directed against the ACE2 binding site (ACE2bs) are more sensitive to viral evolution compared to anti-RBD non-ACE2bs mAbs, two of which retain their potency against all VOCs tested. At the second part of our study, we reveal the neutralization mechanisms at high molecular resolution of two anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing mAbs by structural characterization. We solve the structures of the Delta-neutralizing ACE2bs mAb TAU-2303 with the SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer and RBD at 4.5 Å and 2.42 Å resolutions, respectively, revealing a similar mode of binding to that between the RBD and ACE2. Furthermore, we provide five additional structures (at resolutions of 4.7 Å, 7.3 Å, 6.4 Å, 3.3 Å, and 6.1 Å) of a second antibody, TAU-2212, complexed with the SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer. TAU-2212 binds an exclusively quaternary epitope, and exhibits a unique, flexible mode of neutralization that involves transitioning between five different conformations, with both arms of the antibody recruited for cross linking intra- and inter-spike RBD subunits. Our study provides additional mechanistic understanding about how antibodies neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants and provides insights on the likelihood of reinfections.
Mass: 27087.492 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
#2: Antibody
TAU-2212Lightchain
Mass: 24892.707 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
Resolution: 2.705→29.746 Å / Cor.coef. Fo:Fc: 0.939 / Cor.coef. Fo:Fc free: 0.919 / SU B: 21.066 / SU ML: 0.336 / Cross valid method: THROUGHOUT / ESU R: 0.184 / ESU R Free: 0.068 Details: Hydrogens have been used if present in the input file
Rfactor
Num. reflection
% reflection
Selection details
Rfree
0.2462
1554
5.052 %
RANDOM
Rwork
0.2015
29204
-
-
all
0.204
-
-
-
obs
-
30758
99.673 %
-
Solvent computation
Ion probe radii: 0.8 Å / Shrinkage radii: 0.8 Å / VDW probe radii: 1.2 Å / Solvent model: MASK BULK SOLVENT
Displacement parameters
Biso mean: 93.79 Å2
Baniso -1
Baniso -2
Baniso -3
1-
2.446 Å2
0 Å2
0 Å2
2-
-
2.446 Å2
0 Å2
3-
-
-
-4.893 Å2
Refinement step
Cycle: LAST / Resolution: 2.705→29.746 Å
Protein
Nucleic acid
Ligand
Solvent
Total
Num. atoms
6293
0
0
333
6626
Refine LS restraints
Refine-ID
Type
Dev ideal
Dev ideal target
Number
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_bond_refined_d
0.008
0.012
6466
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_angle_refined_deg
0.969
1.636
8827
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_dihedral_angle_1_deg
8.463
5
829
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_dihedral_angle_2_deg
35.087
23.227
251
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_dihedral_angle_3_deg
20.884
15
977
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_dihedral_angle_4_deg
19.081
15
17
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_chiral_restr
0.055
0.2
859
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_gen_planes_refined
0.019
0.02
4869
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_nbd_refined
0.265
0.2
2841
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_nbtor_refined
0.303
0.2
4207
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_xyhbond_nbd_refined
0.249
0.2
348
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_symmetry_nbd_refined
0.307
0.2
55
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_symmetry_xyhbond_nbd_refined
0.357
0.2
10
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_mcbond_it
4.282
5.445
3337
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_mcangle_it
6.379
8.157
4159
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_scbond_it
4.084
5.549
3129
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_scangle_it
6.027
8.225
4668
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_lrange_it
11.351
101.643
25289
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_ncsr_local_group_1
0.192
0.05
5240
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
r_ncsr_local_group_2
0.207
0.05
4938
Refine LS restraints NCS
Ens-ID
Dom-ID
Auth asym-ID
Refine-ID
Type
Rms dev position (Å)
Weight position
1
1
H
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Localncs
0.19173
0.05007
1
2
A
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Localncs
0.19173
0.05007
2
3
L
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Localncs
0.2071
0.05007
2
4
B
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Localncs
0.2071
0.05007
LS refinement shell
Resolution (Å)
Rfactor Rfree
Num. reflection Rfree
Rfactor Rwork
Num. reflection Rwork
Refine-ID
% reflection obs (%)
2.705-2.775
0.326
112
0.251
2039
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
96.6307
2.775-2.851
0.345
116
0.271
2123
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
2.851-2.933
0.296
112
0.265
2086
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
2.933-3.024
0.319
100
0.235
1966
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
3.024-3.122
0.283
109
0.231
1929
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
3.122-3.232
0.351
105
0.243
1854
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
3.232-3.354
0.313
103
0.228
1808
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
3.354-3.49
0.336
92
0.231
1722
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
3.49-3.645
0.225
98
0.211
1679
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
3.645-3.822
0.248
63
0.199
1590
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
3.822-4.028
0.298
95
0.192
1523
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
4.028-4.271
0.184
85
0.185
1416
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
4.271-4.565
0.229
63
0.174
1354
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
4.565-4.929
0.158
54
0.163
1246
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
4.929-5.396
0.197
49
0.174
1187
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
5.396-6.028
0.212
48
0.193
1040
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
6.028-6.951
0.261
42
0.223
949
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
6.951-8.489
0.215
47
0.194
776
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
8.489-11.907
0.163
44
0.151
593
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
100
11.907-29.746
0.316
17
0.206
324
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
92.9155
Refinement TLS params.
Method: refined / Refine-ID: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ID
L11 (°2)
L12 (°2)
L13 (°2)
L22 (°2)
L23 (°2)
L33 (°2)
S11 (Å °)
S12 (Å °)
S13 (Å °)
S21 (Å °)
S22 (Å °)
S23 (Å °)
S31 (Å °)
S32 (Å °)
S33 (Å °)
T11 (Å2)
T12 (Å2)
T13 (Å2)
T22 (Å2)
T23 (Å2)
T33 (Å2)
Origin x (Å)
Origin y (Å)
Origin z (Å)
1
2.7024
0.0761
-1.1843
2.0409
0.2154
1.1843
0.0391
-0.091
-0.0194
-0.097
-0.124
-0.0756
-0.0477
0.0533
0.0849
0.5959
0.0755
0.0011
0.54
-0.0316
0.0176
56.203
-27.353
-17.119
2
1.8409
0.9188
-0.3992
3.4318
-0.1622
0.6928
0.0082
0.2618
-0.2442
-0.4283
-0.0992
0.252
0.0382
-0.2749
0.0911
0.6231
0.0605
-0.0454
0.5525
-0.0743
0.1086
34.966
-6.152
2.553
3
1.8385
0.1545
-0.4149
3.0826
0.7791
1.9908
0.0486
-0.17
0.2256
-0.0291
-0.1349
-0.0195
-0.1199
0.091
0.0864
0.5487
0.049
0.0477
0.5278
0.0339
0.0552
59.467
-29.438
19.559
4
1.9247
1.0861
-0.303
3.2128
-0.2056
0.7325
0.0389
-0.1883
0.1772
0.2102
-0.1016
-0.031
0.0009
0.2077
0.0628
0.6339
0.0716
0.0286
0.5377
0.0124
0.0536
88.039
-39.007
0.661
Refinement TLS group
ID
Refine-ID
Refine TLS-ID
Selection
Auth asym-ID
Auth seq-ID
1
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
1
ALL
H
1 - 122
2
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
1
ALL
L
3 - 110
3
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
2
ALL
H
123 - 222
4
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
2
ALL
L
111 - 212
5
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
3
ALL
A
2 - 122
6
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
3
ALL
B
2 - 110
7
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
4
ALL
A
123 - 222
8
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
4
ALL
B
111 - 204
+
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