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- PDB-7tzo: The apo structure of human mTORC2 complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7tzo
TitleThe apo structure of human mTORC2 complex
Components
  • Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
  • Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR
  • Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1
  • Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
KeywordsSIGNALING PROTEIN / complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / T-helper 1 cell lineage commitment / positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt / regulation of locomotor rhythm / regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells / TORC2 signaling / TORC2 complex ...RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation / T-helper 1 cell lineage commitment / positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt / regulation of locomotor rhythm / regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells / TORC2 signaling / TORC2 complex / regulation of membrane permeability / cellular response to leucine starvation / heart valve morphogenesis / negative regulation of lysosome organization / TFIIIC-class transcription factor complex binding / TORC1 complex / positive regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I / regulation of cellular response to oxidative stress / calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade / voluntary musculoskeletal movement / regulation of osteoclast differentiation / RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding / positive regulation of keratinocyte migration / regulation of lysosome organization / phosphatidic acid binding / Amino acids regulate mTORC1 / cellular response to L-leucine / MTOR signalling / cellular response to nutrient / regulation of autophagosome assembly / Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK / TORC1 signaling / energy reserve metabolic process / ruffle organization / serine/threonine protein kinase complex / negative regulation of cell size / vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress / negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction / phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding / cellular response to methionine / positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / inositol hexakisphosphate binding / cellular response to osmotic stress / phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding / negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus / anoikis / embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching / enzyme-substrate adaptor activity / cardiac muscle cell development / negative regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade / regulation of myelination / regulation of establishment of cell polarity / positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III / positive regulation of actin filament polymerization / regulation of cell size / negative regulation of macroautophagy / lipid biosynthetic process / Macroautophagy / positive regulation of myotube differentiation / Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer / oligodendrocyte differentiation / germ cell development / behavioral response to pain / phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding / TOR signaling / mTORC1-mediated signalling / CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling / positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation / positive regulation of translational initiation / response to amino acid / positive regulation of TOR signaling / HSF1-dependent transactivation / regulation of macroautophagy / 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process / cellular response to nutrient levels / neuronal action potential / positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process / positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition / heart morphogenesis / regulation of cellular response to heat / cardiac muscle contraction / positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly / negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of stress fiber assembly / phagocytic vesicle / cytoskeleton organization / T cell costimulation / positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation / phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding / substantia nigra development / positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation / endomembrane system / negative regulation of autophagy / cellular response to amino acid starvation / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / positive regulation of glycolytic process / post-embryonic development / cellular response to starvation / Regulation of PTEN gene transcription / regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator
Similarity search - Function
Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-terminal domain / Pianissimo family / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 4 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain ...Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-terminal domain / Pianissimo family / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 4 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR RasGEF_N domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, middle domain / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, N-term / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, phosphorylation-site / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR, domain 5 / Sin1, N-terminal / Stress-activated map kinase interacting protein 1 (SIN1) / TORC2 component Sin1/Avo1 / SAPK-interacting protein 1, Pleckstrin-homology domain / Sin1, middle CRIM domain / SAPK-interacting protein 1 (Sin1), middle CRIM domain / SAPK-interacting protein 1 (Sin1), Pleckstrin-homology / Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 / Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR-like, HEAT repeats / Domain of unknown function DUF3385, target of rapamycin protein / Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR domain / Domain of unknown function / FKBP12-rapamycin binding domain / Serine/threonine-protein kinase TOR / FKBP12-rapamycin binding domain superfamily / FKBP12-rapamycin binding domain / Rapamycin binding domain / Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic domain / Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Catalytic Subunit; Chain A, Domain 5 / : / FATC domain / PIK-related kinase, FAT / FAT domain / FATC / FATC domain / PIK-related kinase / FAT domain profile. / FATC domain profile. / Quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase-like superfamily / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 1. / Phosphatidylinositol 3/4-kinase, conserved site / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 2. / Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic domain superfamily / Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, catalytic domain / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinase / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases catalytic domain profile. / Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic domain / Armadillo-like helical / Tetratricopeptide-like helical domain superfamily / PH-like domain superfamily / Armadillo-type fold / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily / Orthogonal Bundle / Mainly Alpha
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR / Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR / Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 / Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.28 Å
AuthorsYu, Z. / Chen, J. / Pearce, D.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI) United States
CitationJournal: J Biol Chem / Year: 2022
Title: Interactions between mTORC2 core subunits Rictor and mSin1 dictate selective and context-dependent phosphorylation of substrate kinases SGK1 and Akt.
Authors: Zanlin Yu / Junliang Chen / Enzo Takagi / Feng Wang / Bidisha Saha / Xi Liu / Lydia-Marie Joubert / Catherine E Gleason / Mingliang Jin / Chengmin Li / Carlos Nowotny / David Agard / Yifan ...Authors: Zanlin Yu / Junliang Chen / Enzo Takagi / Feng Wang / Bidisha Saha / Xi Liu / Lydia-Marie Joubert / Catherine E Gleason / Mingliang Jin / Chengmin Li / Carlos Nowotny / David Agard / Yifan Cheng / David Pearce /
Abstract: Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) is a multi-subunit kinase complex, central to multiple essential signaling pathways. Two core subunits, Rictor and mSin1, distinguish it from the ...Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) is a multi-subunit kinase complex, central to multiple essential signaling pathways. Two core subunits, Rictor and mSin1, distinguish it from the related mTORC1 and support context-dependent phosphorylation of its substrates. mTORC2 structures have been determined previously; however, important questions remain, particularly regarding the structural determinants mediating substrate specificity and context-dependent activity. Here, we used cryo-EM to obtain high-resolution structures of the human mTORC2 apo-complex in the presence of substrates Akt and SGK1. Using functional assays, we then tested predictions suggested by substrate-induced structural changes in mTORC2. For the first time, we visualized in the apo-state the side chain interactions between Rictor and mTOR that sterically occlude recruitment of mTORC1 substrates and confer resistance to the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin. Also in the apo-state, we observed that mSin1 formed extensive contacts with Rictor via a pair of short α-helices nestled between two Rictor helical repeat clusters, as well as by an extended strand that makes multiple weak contacts with Rictor helical cluster 1. In co-complex structures, we found that SGK1, but not Akt, markedly altered the conformation of the mSin1 N-terminal extended strand, disrupting multiple weak interactions while inducing a large rotation of mSin1 residue Arg-83, which then interacts with a patch of negatively charged residues within Rictor. Finally, we demonstrate mutation of Arg-83 to Ala selectively disrupts mTORC2-dependent phosphorylation of SGK1, but not of Akt, supporting context-dependent substrate selection. These findings provide new structural and functional insights into mTORC2 specificity and context-dependent activity.
History
DepositionFeb 16, 2022Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Jan 11, 2023Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jun 12, 2024Group: Data collection / Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR
B: Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR
C: Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
D: Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
E: Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
F: Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR
G: Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1
H: Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)1,189,8158
Polymers1,189,8158
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR / FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1 / FKBP12-rapamycin complex- ...FK506-binding protein 12-rapamycin complex-associated protein 1 / FKBP12-rapamycin complex-associated protein / Mammalian target of rapamycin / mTOR / Mechanistic target of rapamycin / Rapamycin and FKBP12 target 1 / Rapamycin target protein 1


Mass: 302330.406 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MTOR, FRAP, FRAP1, FRAP2, RAFT1, RAPT1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P42345, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
#2: Protein Target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 / TORC subunit LST8 / G protein beta subunit-like / Gable / Protein GbetaL / Mammalian lethal with ...TORC subunit LST8 / G protein beta subunit-like / Gable / Protein GbetaL / Mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8 / mLST8


Mass: 37998.254 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MLST8, GBL, LST8 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9BVC4
#3: Protein Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR / AVO3 homolog / hAVO3


Mass: 193846.328 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RICTOR, KIAA1999 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q6R327
#4: Protein Target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 / TORC2 subunit MAPKAP1 / Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2-associated protein 1 / Stress-activated ...TORC2 subunit MAPKAP1 / Mitogen-activated protein kinase 2-associated protein 1 / Stress-activated map kinase-interacting protein 1 / SAPK-interacting protein 1 / mSIN1


Mass: 60732.328 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: MAPKAP1, MIP1, SIN1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q9BPZ7

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: 3D ARRAY / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: apostate of mTORC2 complex, composed of mTOR, Rictor, mLST8 and mSin1
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenConc.: 1 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Homemade
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 22 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 60 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k)

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Processing

CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.28 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 288538 / Symmetry type: POINT

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