+Open data
-Basic information
Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 7qhs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Title | S. cerevisiae CMGE nucleating origin DNA melting | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components |
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Keywords | REPLICATION / DNA replication / helicase / initiation / DNA origin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Function / homology | Function and homology information DNA-templated DNA replication maintenance of fidelity / gene conversion / Unwinding of DNA / DNA replication initiation / epsilon DNA polymerase complex / MCM core complex / Assembly of the pre-replicative complex / Switching of origins to a post-replicative state / nuclear DNA replication / MCM complex binding ...DNA-templated DNA replication maintenance of fidelity / gene conversion / Unwinding of DNA / DNA replication initiation / epsilon DNA polymerase complex / MCM core complex / Assembly of the pre-replicative complex / Switching of origins to a post-replicative state / nuclear DNA replication / MCM complex binding / GINS complex / mitotic DNA replication preinitiation complex assembly / premeiotic DNA replication / pre-replicative complex assembly involved in nuclear cell cycle DNA replication / nucleotide-excision repair, DNA gap filling / SUMO binding / mitotic DNA replication / DNA replication proofreading / Activation of the pre-replicative complex / CMG complex / single-stranded DNA 3'-5' DNA exonuclease activity / nuclear pre-replicative complex / Activation of ATR in response to replication stress / MCM complex / DNA replication preinitiation complex / double-strand break repair via break-induced replication / single-stranded DNA helicase activity / mitotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling / replication fork protection complex / mitotic DNA replication initiation / mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling / silent mating-type cassette heterochromatin formation / Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters / regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication initiation / DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication / mitotic sister chromatid cohesion / leading strand elongation / nuclear chromosome / DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication / nuclear replication fork / DNA replication origin binding / subtelomeric heterochromatin formation / DNA replication initiation / error-prone translesion synthesis / base-excision repair, gap-filling / DNA helicase activity / replication fork / helicase activity / protein-DNA complex / base-excision repair / DNA-templated DNA replication / double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining / double-strand break repair / single-stranded DNA binding / mitotic cell cycle / 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding / double-stranded DNA binding / DNA helicase / DNA replication / chromosome, telomeric region / DNA-directed DNA polymerase / DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity / hydrolase activity / cell cycle / nucleotide binding / mRNA binding / chromatin binding / ATP hydrolysis activity / DNA binding / zinc ion binding / nucleoplasm / ATP binding / metal ion binding / nucleus / cytoplasm Similarity search - Function | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Biological species | Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) DNA molecule (others) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.3 Å | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Lewis, J.S. / Sousa, J.S. / Costa, A. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Funding support | European Union, 10items
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Citation | Journal: Nature / Year: 2022 Title: Mechanism of replication origin melting nucleated by CMG helicase assembly. Authors: Jacob S Lewis / Marta H Gross / Joana Sousa / Sarah S Henrikus / Julia F Greiwe / Andrea Nans / John F X Diffley / Alessandro Costa / Abstract: The activation of eukaryotic origins of replication occurs in temporally separated steps to ensure that chromosomes are copied only once per cell cycle. First, the MCM helicase is loaded onto duplex ...The activation of eukaryotic origins of replication occurs in temporally separated steps to ensure that chromosomes are copied only once per cell cycle. First, the MCM helicase is loaded onto duplex DNA as an inactive double hexamer. Activation occurs after the recruitment of a set of firing factors that assemble two Cdc45-MCM-GINS (CMG) holo-helicases. CMG formation leads to the underwinding of DNA on the path to the establishment of the replication fork, but whether DNA becomes melted at this stage is unknown. Here we use cryo-electron microscopy to image ATP-dependent CMG assembly on a chromatinized origin, reconstituted in vitro with purified yeast proteins. We find that CMG formation disrupts the double hexamer interface and thereby exposes duplex DNA in between the two CMGs. The two helicases remain tethered, which gives rise to a splayed dimer, with implications for origin activation and replisome integrity. Inside each MCM ring, the double helix becomes untwisted and base pairing is broken. This comes as the result of ATP-triggered conformational changes in MCM that involve DNA stretching and protein-mediated stabilization of three orphan bases. Mcm2 pore-loop residues that engage DNA in our structure are dispensable for double hexamer loading and CMG formation, but are essential to untwist the DNA and promote replication. Our results explain how ATP binding nucleates origin DNA melting by the CMG and maintains replisome stability at initiation. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
History |
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-Structure visualization
Structure viewer | Molecule: MolmilJmol/JSmol |
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-Downloads & links
-Download
PDBx/mmCIF format | 7qhs.cif.gz | 1.2 MB | Display | PDBx/mmCIF format |
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PDB format | pdb7qhs.ent.gz | Display | PDB format | |
PDBx/mmJSON format | 7qhs.json.gz | Tree view | PDBx/mmJSON format | |
Others | Other downloads |
-Validation report
Arichive directory | https://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/qh/7qhs ftp://data.pdbj.org/pub/pdb/validation_reports/qh/7qhs | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
Related structure data | 13978MC 7z13C M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article (ref.) |
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Similar structure data | Similarity search - Function & homologyF&H Search |
-Links
-Assembly
Deposited unit |
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1 |
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-Components
-DNA replication licensing factor ... , 6 types, 6 molecules 234675
#1: Protein | Mass: 98911.539 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Gene: PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS187, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS193, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS195, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS196, SCNYR20_0007007400, SCP684_0007007100 Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: A0A6A5Q1S9, DNA helicase |
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#2: Protein | Mass: 111720.242 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: MCM3, YEL032W, SYGP-ORF23 / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: P24279, DNA helicase |
#3: Protein | Mass: 105138.375 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: MCM4, CDC54, HCD21, YPR019W, YP9531.13 / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: P30665, DNA helicase |
#4: Protein | Mass: 113110.211 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: MCM6, YGL201C / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: P53091, DNA helicase |
#5: Protein | Mass: 95049.875 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: MCM7, CDC47, YBR202W, YBR1441 / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: P38132, DNA helicase |
#15: Protein | Mass: 86505.734 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Gene: PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS4112, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS4129, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS4153, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS4202, SCNYR20_0004029000, SCP684_0004028600 Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: A0A6A5PUY8, DNA helicase |
-DNA replication complex GINS protein ... , 4 types, 4 molecules HICD
#6: Protein | Mass: 24230.576 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Gene: PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS944, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS956, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS958, SCNYR20_0001022500, SCP684_0001022000 Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: A0A6A5Q203 |
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#7: Protein | Mass: 25096.807 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Gene: PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS3163, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS3191, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS3224, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS3231, PACBIOSEQ_LOCUS3255, SCNYR20_0009012300, SCP684_0009011800 Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: A0A6A5PX40 |
#8: Protein | Mass: 25718.070 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: PSF3, YOL146W / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: Q12146 |
#9: Protein | Mass: 33983.617 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: SLD5, YDR489W / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: Q03406 |
-Protein , 1 types, 1 molecules E
#10: Protein | Mass: 75154.703 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: CDC45, SLD4, YLR103C, L8004.11 / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: Q08032 |
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-DNA polymerase epsilon ... , 2 types, 2 molecules FG
#11: Protein | Mass: 78425.852 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: DPB2, YPR175W, P9705.7 / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) / References: UniProt: P24482 |
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#12: Protein | Mass: 255992.484 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c / Gene: POL2, DUN2, YNL262W, N0825 / Production host: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) References: UniProt: P21951, DNA-directed DNA polymerase, Hydrolases; Acting on ester bonds; Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters |
-DNA chain , 2 types, 2 molecules AB
#13: DNA chain | Mass: 8098.421 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) DNA molecule (others) |
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#14: DNA chain | Mass: 7864.056 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) DNA molecule (others) |
-Non-polymers , 4 types, 16 molecules
#16: Chemical | ChemComp-ATP / #17: Chemical | ChemComp-ZN / #18: Chemical | #19: Chemical | |
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-Details
Has ligand of interest | Y |
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-Experimental details
-Experiment
Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
-Sample preparation
Component | Name: S. cerevisiae CMG helicase nucleating origin DNA melting Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#15 / Source: RECOMBINANT |
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Molecular weight | Experimental value: NO |
Source (natural) | Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) |
Source (recombinant) | Organism: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast) |
Buffer solution | pH: 7.5 |
Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES Details: four microlitres of sample was applied on a grid and incubated for 2 min at room temperature before blotting with filter paper for 5.5 s and plunge-freezing in liquid ethane. |
Vitrification | Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE |
-Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment | Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Microscopy | Model: FEI TITAN KRIOS |
Electron gun | Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: OTHER |
Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy / Nominal magnification: 130000 X / Nominal defocus max: 4400 nm / Nominal defocus min: 2000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 50 µm |
Specimen holder | Cryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER |
Image recording | Average exposure time: 10 sec. / Electron dose: 1.6 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 2 / Num. of real images: 65286 |
Image scans | Movie frames/image: 32 |
-Processing
Software | Name: PHENIX / Version: 1.19.2_4158: / Classification: refinement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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EM software |
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CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Particle selection | Num. of particles selected: 927109 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Symmetry | Point symmetry: C1 (asymmetric) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D reconstruction | Resolution: 3.3 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 71348 Details: Reported resolution after PHENIX resolve cryoEM density modification. Input were half maps generated in RELION 3.1 Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic model building | Protocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Space: REAL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic model building |
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Refine LS restraints |
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