National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK)
Citation
Journal: Mol Cell / Year: 2021 Title: The large bat Helitron DNA transposase forms a compact monomeric assembly that buries and protects its covalently bound 5'-transposon end. Authors: Dalibor Kosek / Ivana Grabundzija / Haotian Lei / Ilija Bilic / Huaibin Wang / Yukun Jin / Graham F Peaslee / Alison B Hickman / Fred Dyda / Abstract: Helitrons are widespread eukaryotic DNA transposons that have significantly contributed to genome variability and evolution, in part because of their distinctive, replicative rolling-circle ...Helitrons are widespread eukaryotic DNA transposons that have significantly contributed to genome variability and evolution, in part because of their distinctive, replicative rolling-circle mechanism, which often mobilizes adjacent genes. Although most eukaryotic transposases form oligomers and use RNase H-like domains to break and rejoin double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), Helitron transposases contain a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-specific HUH endonuclease domain. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a Helitron transposase bound to the 5'-transposon end, providing insight into its multidomain architecture and function. The monomeric transposase forms a tightly packed assembly that buries the covalently attached cleaved end, protecting it until the second end becomes available. The structure reveals unexpected architectural similarity to TraI, a bacterial relaxase that also catalyzes ssDNA movement. The HUH active site suggests how two juxtaposed tyrosines, a feature of many replication initiators that use HUH nucleases, couple the conformational shift of an α-helix to control strand cleavage and ligation reactions.
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