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- PDB-7k1k: CryoEM structure of inactivated-form DNA-PK (Complex IV) -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7k1k
TitleCryoEM structure of inactivated-form DNA-PK (Complex IV)
Components
  • DNA (5'-D(*AP*AP*GP*CP*AP*GP*TP*AP*GP*AP*GP*CP*A)-3')
  • DNA (5'-D(*GP*CP*AP*TP*GP*CP*TP*CP*TP*AP*CP*TP*GP*CP*TP*TP*CP*GP*AP*TP*AP*TP*CP*G)-3')
  • DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
  • X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5
  • X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6
KeywordsDNA BINDING PROTEIN/DNA / NHEJ / V(D)J recombination / DNA repair / DNA BINDING PROTEIN / DNA BINDING PROTEIN-DNA complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of platelet formation / Ku70:Ku80 complex / negative regulation of t-circle formation / DNA end binding / T cell receptor V(D)J recombination / pro-B cell differentiation / small-subunit processome assembly / positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation / DNA-dependent protein kinase complex / immature B cell differentiation ...positive regulation of platelet formation / Ku70:Ku80 complex / negative regulation of t-circle formation / DNA end binding / T cell receptor V(D)J recombination / pro-B cell differentiation / small-subunit processome assembly / positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation / DNA-dependent protein kinase complex / immature B cell differentiation / DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex / cellular response to X-ray / nonhomologous end joining complex / immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination / regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / nuclear telomere cap complex / double-strand break repair via alternative nonhomologous end joining / telomere capping / double-strand break repair via classical nonhomologous end joining / regulation of epithelial cell proliferation / Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA / IRF3-mediated induction of type I IFN / regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation / regulation of telomere maintenance / recombinational repair / U3 snoRNA binding / protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region / cellular response to fatty acid / cellular hyperosmotic salinity response / positive regulation of neurogenesis / T cell lineage commitment / maturation of 5.8S rRNA / positive regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining / B cell lineage commitment / negative regulation of cGAS/STING signaling pathway / telomeric DNA binding / 2-LTR circle formation / hematopoietic stem cell proliferation / site of DNA damage / Lyases; Carbon-oxygen lyases; Other carbon-oxygen lyases / negative regulation of protein phosphorylation / 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase activity / ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA / positive regulation of protein kinase activity / hematopoietic stem cell differentiation / ectopic germ cell programmed cell death / telomere maintenance via telomerase / somitogenesis / DNA helicase activity / neurogenesis / mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling / peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation / telomere maintenance / activation of innate immune response / cyclin binding / cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor / enzyme activator activity / positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation / positive regulation of translation / response to gamma radiation / Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) / small-subunit processome / regulation of circadian rhythm / cellular response to gamma radiation / protein destabilization / brain development / protein-DNA complex / protein modification process / Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on acid anhydrides to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement / double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining / cellular response to insulin stimulus / intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage / rhythmic process / double-strand break repair / E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiquitinate target proteins / peptidyl-serine phosphorylation / T cell differentiation in thymus / heart development / double-stranded DNA binding / scaffold protein binding / secretory granule lumen / DNA recombination / transcription regulator complex / RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding / ficolin-1-rich granule lumen / damaged DNA binding / eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity / chromosome, telomeric region / 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity / DNA-dependent protein kinase activity / ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity / histone H3S10 kinase activity / histone H2AXS139 kinase activity / histone H3S28 kinase activity / histone H4S1 kinase activity / histone H2BS14 kinase activity / histone H3T3 kinase activity / histone H2AS121 kinase activity / Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity / histone H2BS36 kinase activity
Similarity search - Function
Ku70, bridge and pillars domain superfamily / : / Ku70 / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC3 / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, catalytic domain / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC5 / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC1/2 / DNA-PKcs, N-terminal / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC3 / DNA-PKcs, CC5 ...Ku70, bridge and pillars domain superfamily / : / Ku70 / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC3 / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, catalytic domain / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC5 / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC1/2 / DNA-PKcs, N-terminal / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC3 / DNA-PKcs, CC5 / DNA-PKcs, N-terminal / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, CC1/2 / NUC194 / Ku, C-terminal / Ku, C-terminal domain superfamily / Ku C terminal domain like / Ku80 / Ku70/Ku80 C-terminal arm / Ku70/Ku80 C-terminal arm / Ku70/Ku80, N-terminal alpha/beta / Ku70/Ku80 beta-barrel domain / Ku70/Ku80 N-terminal alpha/beta domain / Ku70 and Ku80 are 70kDa and 80kDa subunits of the Lupus Ku autoantigen / Ku70/Ku80 beta-barrel domain / SPOC-like, C-terminal domain superfamily / SAP domain superfamily / SAP motif profile. / SAP domain / Putative DNA-binding (bihelical) motif predicted to be involved in chromosomal organisation / SAP domain / : / FATC domain / PIK-related kinase, FAT / FAT domain / FATC / FATC domain / PIK-related kinase / FAT domain profile. / FATC domain profile. / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 1. / Phosphatidylinositol 3/4-kinase, conserved site / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 2. / Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic domain superfamily / Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, catalytic domain / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinase / Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases catalytic domain profile. / Phosphatidylinositol 3-/4-kinase, catalytic domain / von Willebrand factor (vWF) type A domain / von Willebrand factor, type A / von Willebrand factor A-like domain superfamily / Armadillo-like helical / Armadillo-type fold / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
DNA / DNA (> 10) / X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 / X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 / DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
synthetic construct (others)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.1 Å
AuthorsChen, X. / Gellert, M. / Yang, W.
Funding support United States, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK) United States
CitationJournal: Mol Cell / Year: 2021
Title: Structure of an activated DNA-PK and its implications for NHEJ.
Authors: Xuemin Chen / Xiang Xu / Yun Chen / Joyce C Cheung / Huaibin Wang / Jiansen Jiang / Natalia de Val / Tara Fox / Martin Gellert / Wei Yang /
Abstract: DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), like all phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases (PIKKs), is composed of conserved FAT and kinase domains (FATKINs) along with solenoid structures made of ...DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), like all phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases (PIKKs), is composed of conserved FAT and kinase domains (FATKINs) along with solenoid structures made of HEAT repeats. These kinases are activated in response to cellular stress signals, but the mechanisms governing activation and regulation remain unresolved. For DNA-PK, all existing structures represent inactive states with resolution limited to 4.3 Å at best. Here, we report the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of DNA-PKcs (DNA-PK catalytic subunit) bound to a DNA end or complexed with Ku70/80 and DNA in both inactive and activated forms at resolutions of 3.7 Å overall and 3.2 Å for FATKINs. These structures reveal the sequential transition of DNA-PK from inactive to activated forms. Most notably, activation of the kinase involves previously unknown stretching and twisting within individual solenoid segments and loosens DNA-end binding. This unprecedented structural plasticity of helical repeats may be a general regulatory mechanism of HEAT-repeat proteins.
History
DepositionSep 7, 2020Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Jan 6, 2021Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jan 13, 2021Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title
Revision 1.2Mar 3, 2021Group: Database references / Category: citation
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.year
Revision 1.3Mar 6, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / database_2
Item: _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession
Revision 1.4May 28, 2025Group: Data collection / Structure summary / Category: em_admin / em_software / pdbx_entry_details / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name
Revision 1.1May 28, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Data processing / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: em_admin / em_software / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit
B: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6
C: X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5
D: DNA (5'-D(*GP*CP*AP*TP*GP*CP*TP*CP*TP*AP*CP*TP*GP*CP*TP*TP*CP*GP*AP*TP*AP*TP*CP*G)-3')
E: DNA (5'-D(*AP*AP*GP*CP*AP*GP*TP*AP*GP*AP*GP*CP*A)-3')
F: DNA (5'-D(*GP*CP*AP*TP*GP*CP*TP*CP*TP*AP*CP*TP*GP*CP*TP*TP*CP*GP*AP*TP*AP*TP*CP*G)-3')
G: DNA (5'-D(*AP*AP*GP*CP*AP*GP*TP*AP*GP*AP*GP*CP*A)-3')


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)646,9677
Polymers646,9677
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit / DNA-PKcs / DNPK1 / p460


Mass: 469673.219 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P78527, non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
#2: Protein X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 / 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase Ku70 / 5'-dRP lyase Ku70 / 70 kDa subunit of Ku antigen / ATP- ...5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase Ku70 / 5'-dRP lyase Ku70 / 70 kDa subunit of Ku antigen / ATP-dependent DNA helicase 2 subunit 1 / ATP-dependent DNA helicase II 70 kDa subunit / CTC box-binding factor 75 kDa subunit / CTCBF / DNA repair protein XRCC6 / Lupus Ku autoantigen protein p70 / Ku70 / Thyroid-lupus autoantigen / TLAA / X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 6


Mass: 69945.039 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: XRCC6, G22P1 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P12956, Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on acid anhydrides to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement, Lyases; Carbon-oxygen lyases; Other carbon-oxygen lyases
#3: Protein X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 / 86 kDa subunit of Ku antigen / ATP-dependent DNA helicase 2 subunit 2 / ATP-dependent DNA helicase ...86 kDa subunit of Ku antigen / ATP-dependent DNA helicase 2 subunit 2 / ATP-dependent DNA helicase II 80 kDa subunit / CTC box-binding factor 85 kDa subunit / CTCBF / DNA repair protein XRCC5 / Ku80 / Ku86 / Lupus Ku autoantigen protein p86 / Nuclear factor IV / Thyroid-lupus autoantigen / TLAA / X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 5 (double-strand-break rejoining)


Mass: 82812.438 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: XRCC5, G22P2 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P13010, Hydrolases; Acting on acid anhydrides; Acting on acid anhydrides to facilitate cellular and subcellular movement
#4: DNA chain DNA (5'-D(*GP*CP*AP*TP*GP*CP*TP*CP*TP*AP*CP*TP*GP*CP*TP*TP*CP*GP*AP*TP*AP*TP*CP*G)-3')


Mass: 7311.714 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)
#5: DNA chain DNA (5'-D(*AP*AP*GP*CP*AP*GP*TP*AP*GP*AP*GP*CP*A)-3')


Mass: 4956.243 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: DNA-PK / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: MULTIPLE SOURCES
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
11Homo sapiens (human)9606
21synthetic construct (others)32630
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.9
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD
Image recordingElectron dose: 45 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k)

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.14_3260: / Classification: refinement
EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 4.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 96299 / Symmetry type: POINT
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00839161
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.11453235
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d17.66523645
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0616062
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0126544

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