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Open data
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Basic information
Entry | Database: PDB / ID: 7a97 | |||||||||
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Title | SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein with 2 ACE2 Bound | |||||||||
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![]() | VIRAL PROTEIN / SARS-CoV-2 / Spike / Virus Glycoprotein / Coronavirus / ACE2 | |||||||||
Function / homology | ![]() positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of vasoconstriction / regulation of cardiac conduction ...positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of vasoconstriction / regulation of cardiac conduction / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / angiotensin maturation / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / metallocarboxypeptidase activity / carboxypeptidase activity / negative regulation of signaling receptor activity / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / regulation of cytokine production / viral life cycle / blood vessel diameter maintenance / brush border membrane / regulation of transmembrane transporter activity / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / cilium / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / metallopeptidase activity / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / endocytic vesicle membrane / virus receptor activity / regulation of cell population proliferation / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Potential therapeutics for SARS / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / Attachment and Entry / membrane fusion / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor ligand activity / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont entry into host cell / apical plasma membrane / membrane raft / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / cell surface / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / zinc ion binding / extracellular region / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane Similarity search - Function | |||||||||
Biological species | ![]() ![]() ![]() | |||||||||
Method | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.4 Å | |||||||||
![]() | Benton, D.J. / Wrobel, A.G. / Rosenthal, P.B. / Gamblin, S.J. | |||||||||
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![]() | ![]() Title: Receptor binding and priming of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 for membrane fusion. Authors: Donald J Benton / Antoni G Wrobel / Pengqi Xu / Chloë Roustan / Stephen R Martin / Peter B Rosenthal / John J Skehel / Steven J Gamblin / ![]() ![]() Abstract: Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is initiated by virus binding to the ACE2 cell-surface receptors, followed by fusion of the virus and cell membranes to ...Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is initiated by virus binding to the ACE2 cell-surface receptors, followed by fusion of the virus and cell membranes to release the virus genome into the cell. Both receptor binding and membrane fusion activities are mediated by the virus spike glycoprotein. As with other class-I membrane-fusion proteins, the spike protein is post-translationally cleaved, in this case by furin, into the S1 and S2 components that remain associated after cleavage. Fusion activation after receptor binding is proposed to involve the exposure of a second proteolytic site (S2'), cleavage of which is required for the release of the fusion peptide. Here we analyse the binding of ACE2 to the furin-cleaved form of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using cryo-electron microscopy. We classify ten different molecular species, including the unbound, closed spike trimer, the fully open ACE2-bound trimer and dissociated monomeric S1 bound to ACE2. The ten structures describe ACE2-binding events that destabilize the spike trimer, progressively opening up, and out, the individual S1 components. The opening process reduces S1 contacts and unshields the trimeric S2 core, priming the protein for fusion activation and dissociation of ACE2-bound S1 monomers. The structures also reveal refolding of an S1 subdomain after ACE2 binding that disrupts interactions with S2, which involves Asp614 and leads to the destabilization of the structure of S2 proximal to the secondary (S2') cleavage site. | |||||||||
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Structure visualization
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Structure viewer | Molecule: ![]() ![]() |
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PDBx/mmCIF format | ![]() | 773.1 KB | Display | ![]() |
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PDB format | ![]() | 637 KB | Display | ![]() |
PDBx/mmJSON format | ![]() | Tree view | ![]() | |
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-Validation report
Arichive directory | ![]() ![]() | HTTPS FTP |
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-Related structure data
Related structure data | ![]() 11687MC ![]() 7a91C ![]() 7a92C ![]() 7a93C ![]() 7a94C ![]() 7a95C ![]() 7a96C ![]() 7a98C M: map data used to model this data C: citing same article ( |
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Similar structure data |
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Assembly
Deposited unit | ![]()
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Components
#1: Protein | Mass: 142410.078 Da / Num. of mol.: 3 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) ![]() ![]() Gene: S, 2 / Production host: ![]() #2: Protein | Mass: 75337.422 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source Source: (gene. exp.) ![]() ![]() References: UniProt: Q9BYF1, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases |
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-Experimental details
-Experiment
Experiment | Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY |
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EM experiment | Aggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction |
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Sample preparation
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Molecular weight | Experimental value: NO | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Buffer solution | pH: 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specimen | Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vitrification | Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK III / Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy imaging
Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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Microscopy | Model: FEI TITAN KRIOS |
Electron gun | Electron source: ![]() |
Electron lens | Mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1500 nm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE |
Specimen holder | Cryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER |
Image recording | Average exposure time: 8 sec. / Electron dose: 54.4 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k) |
EM imaging optics | Energyfilter name: GIF Quantum LS / Energyfilter slit width: 20 eV |
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Processing
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CTF correction | Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Symmetry | Point symmetry: C1 (asymmetric) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D reconstruction | Resolution: 4.4 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 40000 / Symmetry type: POINT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic model building | Protocol: OTHER / Space: REAL |