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基本情報
登録情報 | データベース: PDB / ID: 1brd | |||||||||
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タイトル | Model for the structure of Bacteriorhodopsin based on high-resolution Electron Cryo-microscopy | |||||||||
![]() | BACTERIORHODOPSIN PRECURSOR | |||||||||
![]() | PHOTORECEPTOR | |||||||||
機能・相同性 | ![]() light-driven active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity / monoatomic ion channel activity / photoreceptor activity / phototransduction / proton transmembrane transport / plasma membrane 類似検索 - 分子機能 | |||||||||
生物種 | ![]() | |||||||||
手法 | 電子線結晶学 / クライオ電子顕微鏡法 / 解像度: 3.5 Å | |||||||||
![]() | Henderson, R. / Baldwin, J.M. / Ceska, T.A. / Zemlin, F. / Beckmann, E. / Downing, K.H. | |||||||||
![]() | ![]() タイトル: Model for the structure of bacteriorhodopsin based on high-resolution electron cryo-microscopy. 著者: R Henderson / J M Baldwin / T A Ceska / F Zemlin / E Beckmann / K H Downing / ![]() 要旨: The light-driven proton pump bacteriorhodopsin occurs naturally as two-dimensional crystals. A three-dimensional density map of the structure, at near-atomic resolution, has been obtained by studying ...The light-driven proton pump bacteriorhodopsin occurs naturally as two-dimensional crystals. A three-dimensional density map of the structure, at near-atomic resolution, has been obtained by studying the crystals using electron cryo-microscopy to obtain electron diffraction patterns and high-resolution micrographs. New methods were developed for analysing micrographs from tilted specimens, incorporating methods previously developed for untilted specimens that enable large areas to be analysed and corrected for distortions. Data from 72 images, from both tilted and untilted specimens, were analysed to produce the phases of 2700 independent Fourier components of the structure. The amplitudes of these components were accurately measured from 150 diffraction patterns. Together, these data represent about half of the full three-dimensional transform to 3.5 A. The map of the structure has a resolution of 3.5 A in a direction parallel to the membrane plane but lower than this in the perpendicular direction. It shows many features in the density that are resolved from the main density of the seven alpha-helices. We interpret these features as the bulky aromatic side-chains of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan residues. There is also a very dense feature, which is the beta-ionone ring of the retinal chromophore. Using these bulky side-chains as guide points and taking account of bulges in the helices that indicate smaller side-chains such as leucine, a complete atomic model for bacteriorhodopsin between amino acid residues 8 and 225 has been built. There are 21 amino acid residues, contributed by all seven helices, surrounding the retinal and 26 residues, contributed by five helices, forming the proton pathway or channel. Ten of the amino acid residues in the middle of the proton channel are also part of the retinal binding site. The model also provides a useful basis for consideration of the mechanism of proton pumping and allows a consistent interpretation of a great deal of other experimental data. In particular, the structure suggests that pK changes in the Schiff base must act as the means by which light energy is converted into proton pumping pressure in the channel. Asp96 is on the pathway from the cytoplasm to the Schiff base and Asp85 is on the pathway from the Schiff base to the extracellular surface. #1: ![]() タイトル: Specific Labelling of the Protein and Lipid on the Extracellular Surface of Purple Membrane 著者: Henderson, R. / Jubb, J.S. / Whytock, S. #2: ![]() タイトル: Three-Dimensional Model of Purple Membrane Obtained by Electron Microscopy 著者: Henderson, R. / Unwin, P.N.T. | |||||||||
履歴 |
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Remark 650 | HELIX THE ENDS OF THE HELICES ARE UNCERTAIN BY AT LEAST ONE RESIDUE. IN ADDITION, PRO 50, PRO 91, ...HELIX THE ENDS OF THE HELICES ARE UNCERTAIN BY AT LEAST ONE RESIDUE. IN ADDITION, PRO 50, PRO 91, AND PRO 186 ARE IN THE MIDDLE OF HELICAL SEGMENTS BUT IN EACH CASE THE HELICES ARE BENT NEAR THE PROLINE RESIDUES. |
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構造の表示
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構造ビューア | 分子: ![]() ![]() |
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-検証レポート
文書・要旨 | ![]() | 466 KB | 表示 | ![]() |
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文書・詳細版 | ![]() | 483.1 KB | 表示 | |
XML形式データ | ![]() | 10.9 KB | 表示 | |
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-関連構造データ
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リンク
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集合体
登録構造単位 | ![]()
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1 | ![]()
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単位格子 |
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Atom site foot note | 1: A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 99.0 DENOTES SIDE CHAINS WITH NO CLEAR DENSITY IN THE EXPERIMENTAL MAP OR WITH OTHER AMBIGUITY. A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 20.0 DENOTES GOOD SIDE CHAINS OR THE POLYPEPTIDE ...1: A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 99.0 DENOTES SIDE CHAINS WITH NO CLEAR DENSITY IN THE EXPERIMENTAL MAP OR WITH OTHER AMBIGUITY. A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 20.0 DENOTES GOOD SIDE CHAINS OR THE POLYPEPTIDE BACKBONE IN THE MAIN HELICAL SEGMENTS. SOME SIDE CHAINS OF INTERMEDIATE QUALITY HAVE TEMPERATURE FACTORS OF 40.0. |
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要素
#1: タンパク質 | 分子量: 26797.381 Da / 分子数: 1 / 由来タイプ: 組換発現 / 由来: (組換発現) ![]() |
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#2: 化合物 | ChemComp-RET / |
Has protein modification | Y |
-実験情報
-実験
実験 | 手法: 電子線結晶学 |
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EM実験 | 試料の集合状態: 2D ARRAY / 3次元再構成法: 電子線結晶学 |
結晶の対称性 | ∠γ: 120 ° / C sampling length: 100 Å / A: 62.45 Å / B: 62.45 Å / C: 100 Å / Space group name H-M: P3 |
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試料調製
構成要素 | 名称: Bacteriorhodopsin from purple membrane / タイプ: COMPLEX |
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緩衝液 | pH: 5.2 詳細: 0.1 mM potassium phosphate, 6 mM octyl glucoside, 0.2 mM trimethylammonium chloride |
試料 | 濃度: 3 mg/ml / 包埋: YES / シャドウイング: NO / 染色: NO / 凍結: YES |
試料支持 | 詳細: carbon aged several days to optimize hydrophobicity / グリッドの材料: COPPER |
EM embedding | 詳細: 0.8% (w/v) glucose / Material: glucose |
-データ収集
EM imaging | Specimen-ID: 1
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撮影 |
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放射 | 散乱光タイプ: electron | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
放射波長 | 相対比: 1 |
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解析
結晶の対称性 | ∠γ: 120 ° / C sampling length: 100 Å / A: 62.45 Å / B: 62.45 Å / C: 100 Å / Space group name H-M: P3 | ||||||||||||
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3次元再構成 | 解像度: 3.5 Å / 解像度の算出法: DIFFRACTION PATTERN/LAYERLINES / 対称性のタイプ: 2D CRYSTAL | ||||||||||||
精密化 | 最高解像度: 3.5 Å 詳細: A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 99.0 DENOTES SIDE CHAINS WITH NO CLEAR DENSITY IN THE EXPERIMENTAL MAP OR WITH OTHER AMBIGUITY. A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 20.0 DENOTES GOOD SIDE CHAINS OR THE ...詳細: A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 99.0 DENOTES SIDE CHAINS WITH NO CLEAR DENSITY IN THE EXPERIMENTAL MAP OR WITH OTHER AMBIGUITY. A TEMPERATURE FACTOR OF 20.0 DENOTES GOOD SIDE CHAINS OR THE POLYPEPTIDE BACKBONE IN THE MAIN HELICAL SEGMENTS. SOME SIDE CHAINS OF INTERMEDIATE QUALITY HAVE TEMPERATURE FACTORS OF 40.0. THIS STRUCTURE WAS REFINED WITH RESIDUE 111 SPECIFIED AS ILE. GENE SEQUENCING HAS SHOWN THAT THIS RESIDUE SHOULD BE LEU. THIS HAS BEEN CORRECTED IN THIS ENTRY BY RENAMING RESIDUE 111 AS LEU AND REMOVING THE SIDE CHAIN ATOMS BEYOND CB. THIS WILL BE CORRECTED IN FUTURE MORE ACCURATE COORDINATE SETS. THE DATA WAS COLLECTED ON 2-DIMENSIONAL CRYSTALS AND HENCE THE C-AXIS REPEAT DOES NOT CORRESPOND TO A REAL REPEAT, BUT INSTEAD REFERS TO THE SAMPLING THAT IS USED TO DESCRIBE THE CONTINUOUS TRANSFORM. THE C VALUE OF 100.0 IS THEREFORE THE VALUE WHICH SHOULD BE USED IN INTERPRETING THE MEANING OF THE L INDEX. | ||||||||||||
精密化ステップ | サイクル: LAST / 最高解像度: 3.5 Å
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