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- PDB-11vy: GluA2-STZ open state with partial agonist IW at 25 degrees C (ful... -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 11vy
TitleGluA2-STZ open state with partial agonist IW at 25 degrees C (full-length composite)
ComponentsIsoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2,Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) / iGluR / GluA2 / transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein (TARP) y2 / gamma2 / stargazin (STZ)
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Presynaptic depolarization and calcium channel opening / LGI-ADAM interactions / Trafficking of AMPA receptors / eye blink reflex / positive regulation of protein localization to basolateral plasma membrane / positive regulation of AMPA receptor activity / cerebellar mossy fiber / postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping / membrane hyperpolarization / regulation of AMPA receptor activity ...Presynaptic depolarization and calcium channel opening / LGI-ADAM interactions / Trafficking of AMPA receptors / eye blink reflex / positive regulation of protein localization to basolateral plasma membrane / positive regulation of AMPA receptor activity / cerebellar mossy fiber / postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping / membrane hyperpolarization / regulation of AMPA receptor activity / channel regulator activity / protein targeting to membrane / nervous system process / voltage-gated calcium channel complex / regulation of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance / spine synapse / dendritic spine neck / dendritic spine cytoplasm / dendritic spine head / cellular response to amine stimulus / neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane / Activation of AMPA receptors / ligand-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / perisynaptic space / Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors / response to lithium ion / AMPA glutamate receptor activity / AMPA glutamate receptor clustering / regulation of receptor recycling / neuromuscular junction development / kainate selective glutamate receptor activity / transmission of nerve impulse / AMPA glutamate receptor complex / extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity / ionotropic glutamate receptor complex / membrane depolarization / cellular response to glycine / immunoglobulin binding / asymmetric synapse / Unblocking of NMDA receptors, glutamate binding and activation / glutamate receptor binding / regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels / positive regulation of synaptic transmission / conditioned place preference / regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / response to fungicide / voltage-gated calcium channel activity / cytoskeletal protein binding / extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity / glutamate-gated receptor activity / cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus / positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / regulation of long-term synaptic depression / glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity / somatodendritic compartment / presynaptic active zone membrane / ionotropic glutamate receptor binding / ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway / excitatory synapse / dendrite cytoplasm / ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential / dendrite membrane / hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse / positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential / dendritic shaft / SNARE binding / synaptic membrane / establishment of protein localization / synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / PDZ domain binding / protein tetramerization / long-term synaptic potentiation / receptor internalization / transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential / cerebral cortex development / regulation of membrane potential / response to calcium ion / postsynaptic density membrane / modulation of chemical synaptic transmission / Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse / terminal bouton / synaptic vesicle membrane / presynapse / synaptic vesicle / amyloid-beta binding / signaling receptor activity / growth cone / scaffold protein binding / chemical synaptic transmission / presynaptic membrane / dendritic spine / perikaryon / postsynaptic membrane / neuron projection / postsynaptic density / external side of plasma membrane / axon / neuronal cell body / dendrite / protein kinase binding
Similarity search - Function
Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma-2 subunit / : / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin family / Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma subunit / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin superfamily / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, metazoa / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / Ligand-gated ion channel / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, L-glutamate and glycine-binding domain / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site ...Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma-2 subunit / : / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin family / Voltage-dependent calcium channel, gamma subunit / PMP-22/EMP/MP20/Claudin superfamily / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, metazoa / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / Ligand-gated ion channel / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, L-glutamate and glycine-binding domain / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / : / Ionotropic glutamate receptor / Eukaryotic homologues of bacterial periplasmic substrate binding proteins. / Receptor, ligand binding region / Receptor family ligand binding region / Periplasmic binding protein-like I
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Chem-IWD / Chem-POV / SPERMIDINE / Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit / Glutamate receptor 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
Mus musculus (house mouse)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.47 Å
AuthorsNewton, T.P. / Yen, L.Y. / Gangwar, S.P. / Sobolevsky, A.I.
Funding support United States, 7items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)F31NS147755 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS139087 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)F31NS132554 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS083660 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS107253 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIH/NIAMS)AR078814 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI)CA206573 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Struct Mol Biol / Year: 2026
Title: Pre-activation and gating pathway of AMPA receptors revealed by full and partial agonists.
Authors: Thomas P Newton / Muhammed Aktolun / Maria V Yelshanskaya / Alexey A Alekseev / Laura Y Yen / Shanti Pal Gangwar / Ivan A Sobolevsky / Maria G Kurnikova / Alexander I Sobolevsky /
Abstract: AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission. Gating of AMPARs starts with agonist binding and transition into a non-conducting pre-active state, followed by transition into ...AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission. Gating of AMPARs starts with agonist binding and transition into a non-conducting pre-active state, followed by transition into conducting open or non-conducting desensitized states. While the terminal apo, open and desensitized states have been structurally characterized, the intermediate pre-active state has remained an enigma. Compared to full agonist glutamate, partial agonists reduce the maximal occupancy of the open state and increase the probability of the pre-active state occurrence. Here we use different partial agonists and time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to capture a structural ensemble of GluA2-γ2 AMPAR complexes in the closed apo, pre-active, open and desensitized states. Binding of partial agonists to the ligand-binding domain (LBD) results in different extents of LBD clamshell closure, with closures exceeding a threshold of ~17° resulting in the open and desensitized states and smaller closures stabilizing the pre-active state. The pre-active state has a distinct gate conformation intermediate between the other two discrete states, completely open and closed. Combined with single-channel current recordings and molecular dynamics simulations, our structural results reveal the complete gating pathway of AMPARs and shed light on the molecular mechanisms of partial agonism and pre-activation.
History
DepositionMar 15, 2026Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Sep 23, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Sep 23, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2,Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
B: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2,Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
C: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2,Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
D: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2,Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)486,63230
Polymers469,9624
Non-polymers16,67026
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1

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Components

#1: Protein
Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2,Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit / GluR-2 / AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2 / GluR-B / GluR-K2 / Glutamate receptor ionotropic / ...GluR-2 / AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2 / GluR-B / GluR-K2 / Glutamate receptor ionotropic / AMPA 2 / Neuronal voltage-gated calcium channel gamma-2 subunit / Stargazin / Transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein gamma-2 / TARP gamma-2


Mass: 117490.430 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Details: rat GluA2 covalently fused with mouse STZ
Source: (gene. exp.) Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat), (gene. exp.) Mus musculus (house mouse)
Gene: Gria2, GluA2, Glur2, Cacng2, Stg / Plasmid: pEG BacMam / Cell (production host): epithelial / Cell line (production host): HEK 293S GnTI- / Organ (production host): kidney / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Tissue (production host): kidney / References: UniProt: P19491, UniProt: O88602
#2: Chemical
ChemComp-IWD / 2-AMINO-3-(5-IODO-2,4-DIOXO-3,4-DIHYDRO-2H-PYRIMIDIN-1-YL)-PROPIONIC ACID / IODO-WILLARDIINE


Mass: 325.061 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C7H8IN3O4 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#3: Chemical
ChemComp-POV / (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate / POPC


Mass: 760.076 Da / Num. of mol.: 20 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C42H82NO8P / Comment: phospholipid*YM
#4: Chemical ChemComp-SPD / SPERMIDINE / N-(2-AMINO-PROPYL)-1,4-DIAMINOBUTANE / PA(34)


Mass: 145.246 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C7H19N3
#5: Chemical ChemComp-NA / SODIUM ION


Mass: 22.990 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Na
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: GluA2-STZ open state with partial agonist IW at 25 degrees C (full-length composite)
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.47 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain: HEK 293S GnTI- / Plasmid: pEG BacMam
Buffer solutionpH: 8
Details: 150 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, and 0.05% digitonin, 250 uM IW
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
1150 mMsodium chlorideNaCl1
220 mMTris-HClC4H11NO31
30.05 %digitoninC56H92O291
4250 uM5-iodowillardiine (IW)C7H8IN3O41
SpecimenConc.: 5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES / Details: Monodisperse, multiview particles
Specimen supportDetails: 15 mA / Grid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: HOMEMADE PLUNGER / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 298 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: SPOT SCAN
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 100 µm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
1cryoSPARCparticle selection
2PHENIX1.11.1_2575model refinement
3SerialEMimage acquisition
5cryoSPARCCTF correction
10cryoSPARCinitial Euler assignment
11cryoSPARCfinal Euler assignment
12cryoSPARCclassification
13cryoSPARC3D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 2499622
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C2 (2 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.47 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 209687 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementStereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00832313
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.17443470
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d12.63919033
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.064716
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0075408

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