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- EMDB-76285: Structural insights into the exosite-mediated activation of Facto... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-76285
TitleStructural insights into the exosite-mediated activation of Factor IX by Factor XIa using cryoEM
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Complex of Factor XIa (FXIa) with Factor IX (FIX).
    • Complex: Activated coagulation Factor XI (FXIa)
    • Complex: Coagulation Factor IX (FIX)
KeywordsCoagulation / Intrinsic Pathway / Complex / Hemophilia / Factor IX / Factor XIa / BLOOD CLOTTING
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.42 Å
AuthorsMohammed BM
Funding support United States, 5 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Other privateDoisy Fund of the Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology United States
Childrens Discovery Institute of Washington University and St. Louis Childrens HospitalCDI-CORE-2015-505 and CDI-CORE-2019-813 United States
The Foundation for Barnes-Jewish Hospital3770 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK)DK020579 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI)CA091842 United States
CitationJournal: J Thromb Haemost / Year: 2026
Title: Structural insights into the exosite-mediated activation of Factor IX by Factor XIa using cryo-EM.
Authors: Bassem M Mohammed / Samantha Deavila / Tristan Friet / Isabella Dattilio /
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Factor XI (FXI) occupies a unique and clinically significant niche, bridging the tissue factor-driven and contact-driven coagulation pathways. Irrespective of the trigger, activated ...BACKGROUND: Factor XI (FXI) occupies a unique and clinically significant niche, bridging the tissue factor-driven and contact-driven coagulation pathways. Irrespective of the trigger, activated factor XI (FXIa) contributes to clotting by activating factor IX (FIX). Biochemical studies established that this reaction requires the membrane-binding FIX-Gla domain to engage an exosite on the FXIa Apple 3 (A3) domain, that only become available upon FXI activation. Structural data for FXIa, FIX, FIXaβ, and the FXIa:FIX complex are lacking; current understanding relies on zymogen FXI crystal structures and homology modeling of FXIa after kallikrein.
OBJECTIVES: Elucidate the high-resolution structure of FXIa in functionally relevant conformation in complex with FIX.
METHODS: We utilized cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the structures of human FXIa in complex with its full-length substrate, FIX, and activated product, FIXaβ.
RESULTS: We report the first cryo-EM structures of FXIa in complex with its substrate, FIX, and activated FIX (FIXaβ). The structures capture a functionally relevant conformational change in the ...RESULTS: We report the first cryo-EM structures of FXIa in complex with its substrate, FIX, and activated FIX (FIXaβ). The structures capture a functionally relevant conformational change in the FXIa catalytic domain and reveals the first view of the entire FIX and FIXaβ. Critically, we visualize the FIX-Gla domain precisely docked to the FXIa-A3 exosite on both subunits of the FXIa dimer. We also define the first step of proteolysis, visualizing the FIX Arg145 inserted into the primary specificity pocket of FXIa.
CONCLUSIONS: The structures define the full FXIa:FIX interface providing a structural template for understanding the sequential activation of FIX and for developing a new class of selective ...CONCLUSIONS: The structures define the full FXIa:FIX interface providing a structural template for understanding the sequential activation of FIX and for developing a new class of selective allosteric antithrombotic agents.
History
DepositionMar 25, 2026-
Header (metadata) releaseSep 9, 2026-
Map releaseSep 9, 2026-
UpdateSep 9, 2026-
Current statusSep 9, 2026Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_76285.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_76285.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 274.6 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.93 Å/pix.
x 416 pix.
= 386.048 Å		0.93 Å/pix.
x 416 pix.
= 386.048 Å		0.93 Å/pix.
x 416 pix.
= 386.048 Å

Surface

Projections

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Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.928 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.0785
Minimum - Maximum-0.2962405 - 0.6892349
Average (Standard dev.)-0.000042784894 (±0.010098807)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions416416416
Spacing416416416
CellA=B=C: 386.04797 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_76285_msk_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_76285_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_76285_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Sample components

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Entire : Complex of Factor XIa (FXIa) with Factor IX (FIX).

EntireName: Complex of Factor XIa (FXIa) with Factor IX (FIX).
Components
  • Complex: Complex of Factor XIa (FXIa) with Factor IX (FIX).
    • Complex: Activated coagulation Factor XI (FXIa)
    • Complex: Coagulation Factor IX (FIX)

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Supramolecule #1: Complex of Factor XIa (FXIa) with Factor IX (FIX).

SupramoleculeName: Complex of Factor XIa (FXIa) with Factor IX (FIX). / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0
Details: FXIa is a dimer and binds 2 FIX molecules. Factor XIa used in this preparation is recombinant FXIa with a Ser557Ala mutation (mature protein numbering). recombinant protein is made as a ...Details: FXIa is a dimer and binds 2 FIX molecules. Factor XIa used in this preparation is recombinant FXIa with a Ser557Ala mutation (mature protein numbering). recombinant protein is made as a zymogen that is then activated. The activation involves cleavage after residue Arg369 of FXI to give FXIa
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Organ: liver / Tissue: Plasma
Molecular weightTheoretical: 57 KDa

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Supramolecule #2: Activated coagulation Factor XI (FXIa)

SupramoleculeName: Activated coagulation Factor XI (FXIa) / type: complex / ID: 2 / Parent: 1
Details: Made from recombinant FXI that was activated to give FXIa. Has a Ser557Ala mutation to render it catalytically dead.
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Organ: liver / Tissue: Plasma

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Supramolecule #3: Coagulation Factor IX (FIX)

SupramoleculeName: Coagulation Factor IX (FIX) / type: complex / ID: 3 / Parent: 1 / Details: Purified from human plasma
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Organ: liver / Tissue: Plasma

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation #1

Preparation ID1
Concentration0.1 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4
Component:
ConcentrationNameFormula
20.0 mMHEPES
150.0 mMSodium ChlorideNaCl
5.0 mMCalcium chlorideCaCl2
GridModel: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: COPPER / Mesh: 300 / Support film - Film type ID: 1 / Support film - Material: CARBON / Support film - topology: HOLEY / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 20 sec. / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: AIR
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 277.15 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Sample preparation #2

Preparation ID2
Concentration0.1 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4
Component:
ConcentrationNameFormula
20.0 mMHEPES
150.0 mMSodium ChlorideNaCl
5.0 mMCalcium chlorideCaCl2
GridModel: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: COPPER / Mesh: 300 / Support film - Film type ID: 1 / Support film - Material: CARBON / Support film - topology: HOLEY / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 20 sec. / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: AIR
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 95 % / Chamber temperature: 277.15 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS GLACIOS
Image recording#0 - Image recording ID: 1 / #0 - Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) / #0 - Digitization - Dimensions - Width: 4096 pixel / #0 - Digitization - Dimensions - Height: 4096 pixel / #0 - Number grids imaged: 1 / #0 - Number real images: 3622 / #0 - Average electron dose: 56.0 e/Å2 / #0 - Details: UltrAufoil gird / #1 - Image recording ID: 2 / #1 - Film or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) / #1 - Digitization - Dimensions - Width: 4096 pixel / #1 - Digitization - Dimensions - Height: 4096 pixel / #1 - Number grids imaged: 1 / #1 - Number real images: 7566 / #1 - Average electron dose: 57.2 e/Å2 / #1 - Details: Cu/C grid
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 200 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.4 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm / Nominal magnification: 150000
Sample stageCooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN

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Image processing #1

Image processing ID1
Image recording ID1
Particle selectionNumber selected: 1544517
CTF correctionSoftware - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 5.0.2) / Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup model#0 - Type of model: NONE / #1 - Type of model: NONE / #2 - Type of model: NONE
Final reconstructionNumber classes used: 1 / Applied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Algorithm: BACK PROJECTION / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.42 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 5.0.2) / Number images used: 87309
Initial angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final 3D classificationNumber classes: 3 / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 5.0.2)
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Image processing #2

Image processing ID2
Image recording ID2
Particle selectionNumber selected: 1544517
CTF correctionSoftware - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 5.0.2) / Type: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup model#0 - Type of model: NONE / #1 - Type of model: NONE / #2 - Type of model: NONE
Final reconstructionNumber classes used: 1 / Algorithm: BACK PROJECTION / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.42 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 5.0.2) / Number images used: 87309
Initial angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final 3D classificationNumber classes: 3 / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 4.7.1)
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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