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- EMDB-7517: Rhodopsin-Gi -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-7517
TitleRhodopsin-Gi
Map dataprimary map
Sample
  • Complex: Protein complex of Rhodopsin with Galphai
    • Protein or peptide: chimera protein of Soluble cytochrome b562 and Rhodopsin
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Fab light chain
    • Protein or peptide: Fab Heavy chain
KeywordsRhodopsin / G protein / cryo-EM / Structure / SIGNALING PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Opsins / sperm head plasma membrane / rod bipolar cell differentiation / absorption of visible light / G protein-coupled opsin signaling pathway / photoreceptor inner segment membrane / podosome assembly / G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity / 11-cis retinal binding / rod photoreceptor outer segment ...Opsins / sperm head plasma membrane / rod bipolar cell differentiation / absorption of visible light / G protein-coupled opsin signaling pathway / photoreceptor inner segment membrane / podosome assembly / G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity / 11-cis retinal binding / rod photoreceptor outer segment / cellular response to light stimulus / VxPx cargo-targeting to cilium / thermotaxis / Golgi-associated vesicle membrane / detection of temperature stimulus involved in thermoception / response to light intensity / G-protein activation / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / photoreceptor cell maintenance / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Ca2+ pathway / G alpha (z) signalling events / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / G alpha (q) signalling events / G alpha (i) signalling events / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / G-protein activation / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / Ca2+ pathway / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / G alpha (z) signalling events / Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling / G alpha (s) signalling events / ciliary membrane / photoreceptor outer segment membrane / G alpha (q) signalling events / G alpha (i) signalling events / spectrin binding / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / The canonical retinoid cycle in rods (twilight vision) / alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase activity / phototransduction, visible light / photoreceptor outer segment / phototransduction / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / T cell migration / D2 dopamine receptor binding / response to prostaglandin E / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / adenylate cyclase regulator activity / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway / photoreceptor inner segment / cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process / sperm midpiece / visual perception / cellular response to forskolin / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / Regulation of insulin secretion / positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process / G protein-coupled receptor binding / electron transport chain / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G protein-coupled receptor activity / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / response to peptide hormone / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / centriolar satellite / microtubule cytoskeleton organization / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
Similarity search - Function
Rhodopsin, N-terminal / Amino terminal of the G-protein receptor rhodopsin / Rhodopsin / Opsin / Visual pigments (opsins) retinal binding site / Visual pigments (opsins) retinal binding site. / : / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome c/b562 ...Rhodopsin, N-terminal / Amino terminal of the G-protein receptor rhodopsin / Rhodopsin / Opsin / Visual pigments (opsins) retinal binding site / Visual pigments (opsins) retinal binding site. / : / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome c/b562 / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor Srsx / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / WD domain, G-beta repeat / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Rhodopsin / Soluble cytochrome b562 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) / Bos taurus (domestic cattle) / synthetic construct (others)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.5 Å
AuthorsKang Y / Xu HE
Funding support United States, China, 4 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK)DK071662 United States
American Asthma Foundation United States
Jay and Betty Van Andel Foundation United States
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)2012ZX09301001 and 2012CB910403, 2013CB910600, XDB08020303, 2013ZX09507001 China
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2018
Title: Cryo-EM structure of human rhodopsin bound to an inhibitory G protein.
Authors: Yanyong Kang / Oleg Kuybeda / Parker W de Waal / Somnath Mukherjee / Ned Van Eps / Przemyslaw Dutka / X Edward Zhou / Alberto Bartesaghi / Satchal Erramilli / Takefumi Morizumi / Xin Gu / ...Authors: Yanyong Kang / Oleg Kuybeda / Parker W de Waal / Somnath Mukherjee / Ned Van Eps / Przemyslaw Dutka / X Edward Zhou / Alberto Bartesaghi / Satchal Erramilli / Takefumi Morizumi / Xin Gu / Yanting Yin / Ping Liu / Yi Jiang / Xing Meng / Gongpu Zhao / Karsten Melcher / Oliver P Ernst / Anthony A Kossiakoff / Sriram Subramaniam / H Eric Xu /
Abstract: G-protein-coupled receptors comprise the largest family of mammalian transmembrane receptors. They mediate numerous cellular pathways by coupling with downstream signalling transducers, including the ...G-protein-coupled receptors comprise the largest family of mammalian transmembrane receptors. They mediate numerous cellular pathways by coupling with downstream signalling transducers, including the hetrotrimeric G proteins G (stimulatory) and G (inhibitory) and several arrestin proteins. The structural mechanisms that define how G-protein-coupled receptors selectively couple to a specific type of G protein or arrestin remain unknown. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we show that the major interactions between activated rhodopsin and G are mediated by the C-terminal helix of the G α-subunit, which is wedged into the cytoplasmic cavity of the transmembrane helix bundle and directly contacts the amino terminus of helix 8 of rhodopsin. Structural comparisons of inactive, G-bound and arrestin-bound forms of rhodopsin with inactive and G-bound forms of the β-adrenergic receptor provide a foundation to understand the unique structural signatures that are associated with the recognition of G, G and arrestin by activated G-protein-coupled receptors.
History
DepositionMar 5, 2018-
Header (metadata) releaseMar 14, 2018-
Map releaseJun 20, 2018-
UpdateMay 28, 2025-
Current statusMay 28, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.045
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by height
  • Surface level: 0.045
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-6cmo
  • Surface level: 0.045
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_7517.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_7517.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Annotationprimary map
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.09 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 278.528 Å		1.09 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 278.528 Å		1.09 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 278.528 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.088 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy EMDB: 0.063 / Movie #1: 0.045
Minimum - Maximum-0.12783152 - 0.20725927
Average (Standard dev.)0.00056864065 (±0.0054518194)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 278.528 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.0881.0881.088
M x/y/z256256256
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z278.528278.528278.528
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS256256256
D min/max/mean-0.1280.2070.001

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : Protein complex of Rhodopsin with Galphai

EntireName: Protein complex of Rhodopsin with Galphai
Components
  • Complex: Protein complex of Rhodopsin with Galphai
    • Protein or peptide: chimera protein of Soluble cytochrome b562 and Rhodopsin
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Fab light chain
    • Protein or peptide: Fab Heavy chain

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Supramolecule #1: Protein complex of Rhodopsin with Galphai

SupramoleculeName: Protein complex of Rhodopsin with Galphai / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 180 kDa/nm

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Macromolecule #1: chimera protein of Soluble cytochrome b562 and Rhodopsin

MacromoleculeName: chimera protein of Soluble cytochrome b562 and Rhodopsin
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 52.385406 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: FADYKDDDDA KLQTMHHHHH HHHHHENLYF QGGTADLEDN WETLNDNLKV IEKADNAAQV KDALTKMRAA ALDAQKATPP KLEDKSPDS PEMKDFRHGF DILVGQIDDA LKLANEGKVK EAQAAAEQLK TTRNAYIQKY LMCGTEGPNF YVPFSNATGV V RSPFEYPQ ...String:
FADYKDDDDA KLQTMHHHHH HHHHHENLYF QGGTADLEDN WETLNDNLKV IEKADNAAQV KDALTKMRAA ALDAQKATPP KLEDKSPDS PEMKDFRHGF DILVGQIDDA LKLANEGKVK EAQAAAEQLK TTRNAYIQKY LMCGTEGPNF YVPFSNATGV V RSPFEYPQ YYLAEPWQFS MLAAYMFLLI VLGFPINFLT LYVTVQHKKL RTPLNYILLN LAVADLFMVL GGFTSTLYTS LH GYFVFGP TGCNLQGFFA TLGGEIALWS LVVLAIERYV VVCKPMSNFR FGENHAIMGV AFTWVMALAC AAPPLAGWSR YIP EGLQCS CGIDYYTLKP EVNNESFVIY MFVVHFTIPM IIIFFCYGQL VFTVKEAAAQ QQESATTQKA EKEVTRMVII YVIA FLICW VPYASVAFYI FTHQGSCFGP IFMTIPAFFA KSAAIYNPVI YIMMNKQFRN CMLTTICC

UniProtKB: Soluble cytochrome b562, Rhodopsin

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Macromolecule #2: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 40.445059 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKSTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI ...String:
MGCTLSAEDK AAVERSKMID RNLREDGEKA AREVKLLLLG AGESGKSTIV KQMKIIHEAG YSEEECKQYK AVVYSNTIQS IIAIIRAMG RLKIDFGDSA RADDARQLFV LAGAAEEGFM TAELAGVIKR LWKDSGVQAC FNRSREYQLN DSAAYYLNDL D RIAQPNYI PTQQDVLRTR VKTTGIVETH FTFKDLHFKM FDVGAQRSER KKWIHCFEGV TAIIFCVALS DYDLVLAEDE EM NRMHESM KLFDSICNNK WFTDTSIILF LNKKDLFEEK IKKSPLTICY PEYAGSNTYE EAAAYIQCQF EDLNKRKDTK EIY THFTCS TDTKNVQFVF DAVTDVIIKN NLKDCGLF

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

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Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 37.915496 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString: MGSLLQSELD QLRQEAEQLK NQIRDARKAC ADATLSQITN NIDPVGRIQM RTRRTLRGHL AKIYAMHWGT DSRLLVSASQ DGKLIIWDS YTTNKVHAIP LRSSWVMTCA YAPSGNYVAC GGLDNICSIY NLKTREGNVR VSRELAGHTG YLSCCRFLDD N QIVTSSGD ...String:
MGSLLQSELD QLRQEAEQLK NQIRDARKAC ADATLSQITN NIDPVGRIQM RTRRTLRGHL AKIYAMHWGT DSRLLVSASQ DGKLIIWDS YTTNKVHAIP LRSSWVMTCA YAPSGNYVAC GGLDNICSIY NLKTREGNVR VSRELAGHTG YLSCCRFLDD N QIVTSSGD TTCALWDIET GQQTTTFTGH TGDVMSLSLA PDTRLFVSGA CDASAKLWDV REGMCRQTFT GHESDINAIC FF PNGNAFA TGSDDATCRL FDLRADQELM TYSHDNIICG ITSVSFSKSG RLLLAGYDDF NCNVWDALKA DRAGVLAGHD NRV SCLGVT DDGMAVATGS WDSFLKIWN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

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Macromolecule #4: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Bos taurus (domestic cattle)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 7.56375 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)
SequenceString:
MASNNTASIA QARKLVEQLK MEANIDRIKV SKAAADLMAY CEAHAKEDPL LTPVPASENP FREKKFFC

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

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Macromolecule #5: Fab light chain

MacromoleculeName: Fab light chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 23.258783 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Bacteria Latreille et al. 1825 (Bacteria stick insect)
SequenceString: SDIQMTQSPS SLSASVGDRV TITCRASQSV SSAVAWYQQK PGKAPKLLIY SASSLYSGVP SRFSGSRSGT DFTLTISSLQ PEDFATYYC QQSSSSLITF GQGTKVEIKR TVAAPSVFIF PPSDSQLKSG TASVVCLLNN FYPREAKVQW KVDNALQSGN S QESVTEQD ...String:
SDIQMTQSPS SLSASVGDRV TITCRASQSV SSAVAWYQQK PGKAPKLLIY SASSLYSGVP SRFSGSRSGT DFTLTISSLQ PEDFATYYC QQSSSSLITF GQGTKVEIKR TVAAPSVFIF PPSDSQLKSG TASVVCLLNN FYPREAKVQW KVDNALQSGN S QESVTEQD SKDSTYSLSS TLTLSKADYE KHKVYACEVT HQGLSSPVTK SFNRGEC

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Macromolecule #6: Fab Heavy chain

MacromoleculeName: Fab Heavy chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: synthetic construct (others)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 25.788822 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Bacteria Latreille et al. 1825 (Bacteria stick insect)
SequenceString: EISEVQLVES GGGLVQPGGS LRLSCAASGF NFYYSSIHWV RQAPGKGLEW VASIYSYSGS TSYADSVKGR FTISADTSKN TAYLQMNSL RAEDTAVYYC ARYPWYWWME KPYLSLYGMD YWGQGTLVTV SSASTKGPSV FPLAPSSKST SGGTAALGCL V KDYFPEPV ...String:
EISEVQLVES GGGLVQPGGS LRLSCAASGF NFYYSSIHWV RQAPGKGLEW VASIYSYSGS TSYADSVKGR FTISADTSKN TAYLQMNSL RAEDTAVYYC ARYPWYWWME KPYLSLYGMD YWGQGTLVTV SSASTKGPSV FPLAPSSKST SGGTAALGCL V KDYFPEPV TVSWNSGALT SGVHTFPAVL QSSGLYSLSS VVTVPSSSLG TQTYICNVNH KPSNTKVDKK VEPKSCDKTH T

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration9.0 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.2
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 1.92 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: NONE
Startup modelType of model: INSILICO MODEL
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 4.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 227386
Initial angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION
Final angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION

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