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- EMDB-64134: SARM1 senses DNA to promote NAD degradation -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-64134
TitleSARM1 senses DNA to promote NAD degradation
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: SARM1 octamer
    • Protein or peptide: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
KeywordsDNA BINDING PROTEIN / OCTAMER / HYDROLASE
Function / homology
Function and homology information


extrinsic component of synaptic membrane / negative regulation of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway / MyD88-independent TLR4 cascade / NADP+ nucleosidase activity / Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Cascade / NAD+ catabolic process / NAD+ nucleosidase activity / regulation of synapse pruning / modification of postsynaptic structure / ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase ...extrinsic component of synaptic membrane / negative regulation of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway / MyD88-independent TLR4 cascade / NADP+ nucleosidase activity / Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Cascade / NAD+ catabolic process / NAD+ nucleosidase activity / regulation of synapse pruning / modification of postsynaptic structure / ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase / protein localization to mitochondrion / NAD+ nucleosidase activity, cyclic ADP-ribose generating / nervous system process / Hydrolases; Glycosylases; Hydrolysing N-glycosyl compounds / regulation of dendrite morphogenesis / response to glucose / response to axon injury / regulation of neuron apoptotic process / signaling adaptor activity / TRAF6-mediated induction of TAK1 complex within TLR4 complex / Activation of IRF3, IRF7 mediated by TBK1, IKKε (IKBKE) / IKK complex recruitment mediated by RIP1 / neuromuscular junction / nervous system development / microtubule / mitochondrial outer membrane / cell differentiation / axon / innate immune response / dendrite / synapse / glutamatergic synapse / cell surface / signal transduction / protein-containing complex / mitochondrion / identical protein binding / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 / TIR domain / Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance / TIR domain profile. / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain superfamily / SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif) / SAM domain profile. / Sterile alpha motif. / Sterile alpha motif domain ...Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 / TIR domain / Toll - interleukin 1 - resistance / TIR domain profile. / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain / Toll/interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain superfamily / SAM domain (Sterile alpha motif) / SAM domain profile. / Sterile alpha motif. / Sterile alpha motif domain / Sterile alpha motif/pointed domain superfamily / Armadillo-like helical / Armadillo-type fold
Similarity search - Domain/homology
NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.06 Å
AuthorsWang LN / Yang QK
Funding support China, 3 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)82325040 China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)82472840 China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)82173072 China
CitationJournal: Cell / Year: 2025
Title: SARM1 senses dsDNA to promote NAD degradation and cell death.
Authors: Lina Wang / Qiaoling Liu / Siru Li / Na Wang / Yan Chen / Junren Chen / Li Wang / Yuelin Huang / Zhen Sun / Ling Dong / Shao Li / Quentin Liu / Song Gao / Xiaochi Ma / Chengli Song / Qingkai Yang /
Abstract: Detection of DNA is a fundamental strategy for life to recognize non-self or abnormal-self to subsequently trigger the downstream responses. However, the mechanism underlying DNA sensing is ...Detection of DNA is a fundamental strategy for life to recognize non-self or abnormal-self to subsequently trigger the downstream responses. However, the mechanism underlying DNA sensing is incompletely understood. Here, we show that a key neural executioner, sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) motif containing 1 (SARM1), senses double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) to promote cell death. dsDNA-bound and -activated SARM1 to degrade nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in a sequence-independent manner. SARM1 bound dsDNA via the TIR domain, and lysine residues in the TIR domain contributed to dsDNA binding. In the cellular context, cytosolic dsDNA from dsDNA transfection or chemotherapy treatment was colocalized with SARM1 and activated SARM1 to elicit NAD degradation and cell death, which was abrogated by SARM1 knockout or DNA-binding residue mutation. Consistently, SARM1 knockout blocked chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIN) in mice. Our results reveal SARM1 as a DNA sensor, which might be targetable for therapeutic interventions.
History
DepositionApr 11, 2025-
Header (metadata) releaseNov 5, 2025-
Map releaseNov 5, 2025-
UpdateNov 5, 2025-
Current statusNov 5, 2025Processing site: PDBc / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_64134.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_64134.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 512 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.74 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 380.416 Å		0.74 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 380.416 Å		0.74 Å/pix.
x 512 pix.
= 380.416 Å

Surface

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.743 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.105
Minimum - Maximum-0.29081842 - 0.5840507
Average (Standard dev.)-0.00003161226 (±0.016709814)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions512512512
Spacing512512512
CellA=B=C: 380.416 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_64134_msk_1.map
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Half map: #2

Fileemd_64134_half_map_1.map
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Half map: #1

Fileemd_64134_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : SARM1 octamer

EntireName: SARM1 octamer
Components
  • Complex: SARM1 octamer
    • Protein or peptide: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1

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Supramolecule #1: SARM1 octamer

SupramoleculeName: SARM1 octamer / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1

MacromoleculeName: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 8 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 76.471469 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)
SequenceString: LAVPGPDGGG GTGPWWAAGG RGPREVSPGA GTEVQDALER ALPELQQALS ALKQAGGARA VGAGLAEVFQ LVEEAWLLPA VGREVAQGL CDAIRLDGGL DLLLRLLQAP ELETRVQAAR LLEQILVAEN RDRVARIGLG VILNLAKERE PVELARSVAG I LEHMFKHS ...String:
LAVPGPDGGG GTGPWWAAGG RGPREVSPGA GTEVQDALER ALPELQQALS ALKQAGGARA VGAGLAEVFQ LVEEAWLLPA VGREVAQGL CDAIRLDGGL DLLLRLLQAP ELETRVQAAR LLEQILVAEN RDRVARIGLG VILNLAKERE PVELARSVAG I LEHMFKHS EETCQRLVAA GGLDAVLYWC RRTDPALLRH CALALGNCAL HGGQAVQRRM VEKRAAEWLF PLAFSKEDEL LR LHACLAV AVLATNKEVE REVERSGTLA LVEPLVASLD PGRFARCLVD ASDTSQGRGP DDLQRLVPLL DSNRLEAQCI GAF YLCAEA AIKSLQGKTK VFSDIGAIQS LKRLVSYSTN GTKSALAKRA LRLLGEEVPR PILPSVPSWK EAEVQTWLQQ IGFS KYCES FREQQVDGDL LLRLTEEELQ TDLGMKSGIT RKRFFRELTE LKTFANYSTC DRSNLADWLG SLDPRFRQYT YGLVS CGLD RSLLHRVSEQ QLLEDCGIHL GVHRARILTA AREMLHSPLP CTGGKPSGDT PDVFISYRRN SGSQLASLLK VHLQLH GFS VFIDVEKLEA GKFEDKLIQS VMGARNFVLV LSPGALDKCM QDHDCKDWVH KEIVTALSCG KNIVPIIDGF EWPEPQV LP EDMQAVLTFN GIKWSHEYQE ATIEKIIRFL QGRSSRDSSA GSDTSLEGAA PMGPT

UniProtKB: NAD(+) hydrolase SARM1

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 %

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeTFS KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: FEI FALCON IV (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.2 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: INSILICO MODEL
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.06 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 24688
Initial angle assignmentType: RANDOM ASSIGNMENT
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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