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- EMDB-61129: Cryo-EM structure of lysosome cholesterol sencing protein complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-61129
TitleCryo-EM structure of lysosome cholesterol sencing protein complex
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein LYCHOS complexed with IS
    • Protein or peptide: G protein-coupled receptor 155,Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein fusion protein
  • Ligand: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate
  • Ligand: 3-SULFOOXY-1H-INDOLE
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: TRYPTOPHAN
Keywordslipid binding protein
Function / homology
Function and homology information


cellular response to cholesterol / cholesterol binding / negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway / positive regulation of TORC1 signaling / cellular response to amino acid starvation / transmembrane transport / cognition / intracellular signal transduction / lysosomal membrane / extracellular exosome
Similarity search - Function
Integral membrane protein GPR155, DEP domain / Membrane transport protein / Membrane transport protein / : / Domain found in Dishevelled, Egl-10, and Pleckstrin (DEP) / DEP domain profile. / Domain found in Dishevelled, Egl-10, and Pleckstrin / DEP domain / Winged helix DNA-binding domain superfamily / Winged helix-like DNA-binding domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
G protein-coupled receptor 155 / Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human) / Nomascus leucogenys (northern white-cheeked gibbon)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.4 Å
AuthorsQian HW / Wang ZH
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Other privateKY9100000034 China
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Structural basis for cholesterol sensing of LYCHOS and its interaction with indoxyl sulfate.
Authors: Zhenhua Wang / Jingjing He / Yufan Yang / Yonglin He / Hongwu Qian /
Abstract: The lysosome serves as an essential nutrient-sensing hub within the cell, where the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is activated. Lysosomal cholesterol signaling (LYCHOS), a ...The lysosome serves as an essential nutrient-sensing hub within the cell, where the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is activated. Lysosomal cholesterol signaling (LYCHOS), a lysosome membrane protein, has been identified as a cholesterol sensor that couples cholesterol concentration to mTORC1 activation. However, the molecular basis is unknown. Here, we determine the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of human LYCHOS at a resolution of 3.1 Å, revealing a cholesterol-like density at the interface between the permease and G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) domains. Advanced 3D classification reveals two distinct states of LYCHOS. Comparative structural analysis between these two states demonstrated a cholesterol-related movement of GPCR domain relative to permease domain, providing structural insights into how LYCHOS senses lysosomal cholesterol levels. Additionally, we identify indoxyl sulfate (IS) as a binding ligand to the permease domain, confirmed by the LYCHOS-IS complex structure. Overall, our study provides a foundation and indicates additional directions for further investigation of the essential role of LYCHOS in the mTORC1 signaling pathway.
History
DepositionAug 8, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseApr 2, 2025-
Map releaseApr 2, 2025-
UpdateJun 18, 2025-
Current statusJun 18, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_61129.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_61129.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 52.7 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.1 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 264. Å		1.1 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 264. Å		1.1 Å/pix.
x 240 pix.
= 264. Å

Surface

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Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.1 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.11
Minimum - Maximum-1.8849118 - 2.586192
Average (Standard dev.)0.00016871709 (±0.04745544)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions240240240
Spacing240240240
CellA=B=C: 264.0 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_61129_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_61129_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein LYCHOS complexed with IS

EntireName: Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein LYCHOS complexed with IS
Components
  • Complex: Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein LYCHOS complexed with IS
    • Protein or peptide: G protein-coupled receptor 155,Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein fusion protein
  • Ligand: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate
  • Ligand: 3-SULFOOXY-1H-INDOLE
  • Ligand: CHOLESTEROL
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: TRYPTOPHAN

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Supramolecule #1: Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein LYCHOS complexed with IS

SupramoleculeName: Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein LYCHOS complexed with IS
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: G protein-coupled receptor 155,Lysosomal cholesterol signaling pr...

MacromoleculeName: G protein-coupled receptor 155,Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein fusion protein
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Nomascus leucogenys (northern white-cheeked gibbon)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 96.994695 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MNSNLPAENL TIAVNMTKTL PTAVTHGFNS TNDPPSMSIT RLFPALLECF GIVLCGYIAG RANVITSTQA KGLGNFVSRF ALPALLFKN MVVLNFSNVD WSFLYSILIA KASVFFIVCV LTLLVASPDS RFSKAGLFPI FATQSNDFAL GYPIVEALYQ T TYPEYLQY ...String:
MNSNLPAENL TIAVNMTKTL PTAVTHGFNS TNDPPSMSIT RLFPALLECF GIVLCGYIAG RANVITSTQA KGLGNFVSRF ALPALLFKN MVVLNFSNVD WSFLYSILIA KASVFFIVCV LTLLVASPDS RFSKAGLFPI FATQSNDFAL GYPIVEALYQ T TYPEYLQY IYLVAPISLM MLNPIGFIFC EIQKWKDTQN ASQNKIKIVG LGLLRVLQNP IVFMVFIGIA FNFILDRKVP VY VENFLDG LGNSFSGSAL FYLGLTMVGK IKRLKKSAFV VLILLITAKL LVLPLLCREM VELLDKGDSV VNHTSLSNYA FLY GVFPVA PGVAIFATQF NMEVEIITSG MVISTFVSAP IMYVSAWLLT FPTMDPKPLA YAIQNVSFDI SIVSLISLIW SLAI LLLSK KYKQLPHMLT TNLLIAQSIV CAGMMIWNFV KEKNFVGQIL VFVLLYSSLY STYLWTGLLA ISLFLLKKRE RVQIP VGII IISGWGIPAL LVGVLLITGK HNGDSIDSAF FYGKEQMITT AVTLFCSILI AGISLMCMNQ TAQAGSYEGF DQSQSH KVV EPGNTAFEES PAPVNEPELF TSSIPETSCC SCSMGNGELH CPSIEPIANT STSEPVIPSF EKNNHCVSRC NSQSCIL AQ EEEQYLQSGD QQLTRHVLLC LLLIIGLFAN LSSCLWWLFN QEPGRLYVEL QFFCAVFNFG QGFISFGIFG LDKHLIIL P FKRRLEFLWN NKDTAENRDS PVSEEIKMTC QQFIHYHRDL CIRNIVKERR CGAKTSAGTF CGCDLVSWLI EVGLASDRG EAVIYGDRLV QGGVIQHITN EYEFRDEYLF YRFLQKSPEQ SPPAINANTL QQERYKEIEH SSPPSHSPKT

UniProtKB: G protein-coupled receptor 155, Lysosomal cholesterol signaling protein, G protein-coupled receptor 155

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Macromolecule #2: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(tri...

MacromoleculeName: (2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate
type: ligand / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 6 / Formula: POV
Molecular weightTheoretical: 760.076 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-POV:
(2S)-3-(hexadecanoyloxy)-2-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyloxy]propyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate / phospholipid*YM

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Macromolecule #3: 3-SULFOOXY-1H-INDOLE

MacromoleculeName: 3-SULFOOXY-1H-INDOLE / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: IOS
Molecular weightTheoretical: 213.21 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-IOS:
3-SULFOOXY-1H-INDOLE / toxin*YM

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Macromolecule #4: CHOLESTEROL

MacromoleculeName: CHOLESTEROL / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: CLR
Molecular weightTheoretical: 386.654 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-CLR:
CHOLESTEROL

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Macromolecule #5: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #6: TRYPTOPHAN

MacromoleculeName: TRYPTOPHAN / type: ligand / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 2 / Formula: TRP
Molecular weightTheoretical: 204.225 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-TRP:
TRYPTOPHAN

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 8
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.0 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.5 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: NONE
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.4 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 295023
Initial angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION
Final angle assignmentType: ANGULAR RECONSTITUTION

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