National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)
1196951
Australia
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)
138448
Australia
Australian Research Council (ARC)
LP180100560
Australia
Citation
Journal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025 Title: Molecular basis of ligand binding and receptor activation at the human A adenosine receptor. Authors: Liudi Zhang / Jesse I Mobbs / Felix M Bennetts / Hariprasad Venugopal / Anh T N Nguyen / Arthur Christopoulos / Daan van der Es / Laura H Heitman / Lauren T May / Alisa Glukhova / David M Thal / Abstract: Adenosine receptors (ARs: AAR, AAR, AAR, and AAR) are crucial therapeutic targets; however, developing selective, efficacious drugs for them remains a significant challenge. Here, we present high- ...Adenosine receptors (ARs: AAR, AAR, AAR, and AAR) are crucial therapeutic targets; however, developing selective, efficacious drugs for them remains a significant challenge. Here, we present high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the human AAR in three distinct functional states: bound to the endogenous agonist adenosine, the clinically relevant agonist Piclidenoson, and the covalent antagonist LUF7602. These structures, complemented by mutagenesis and pharmacological studies, reveal an AAR activation mechanism that involves an extensive hydrogen bond network from the extracellular surface down to the orthosteric binding site. In addition, we identify a cryptic pocket that accommodates the N-iodobenzyl group of Piclidenoson through a ligand-dependent conformational change of M174. Our comprehensive structural and functional characterisation of AAR advances our understanding of adenosine receptor pharmacology and establishes a foundation for developing more selective therapeutics for various disorders, including inflammatory diseases, cancer, and glaucoma.
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