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Open data
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Basic information
| Entry | ![]() | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Title | Human GATOR2 complex - Sestrin2 bound state | ||||||||||||||||||
Map data | Consensus Map. C2-symmetric | ||||||||||||||||||
Sample |
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Keywords | Signaling protein / nutrient sensor / mTORC1 pathway / stress-responsive protein | ||||||||||||||||||
| Biological species | Homo sapiens (human) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Method | single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.36 Å | ||||||||||||||||||
Authors | Wranik M / Rogala KB | ||||||||||||||||||
| Funding support | United States, 5 items
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Citation | Journal: Nature / Year: 2025Title: Structural basis for the dynamic regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids. Authors: Max L Valenstein / Maximilian Wranik / Pranav V Lalgudi / Karen Y Linde-Garelli / Yuri Choi / Raghu R Chivukula / David M Sabatini / Kacper B Rogala / ![]() Abstract: The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) anchors a conserved signalling pathway that regulates growth in response to nutrient availability. Amino acids activate mTORC1 through the Rag ...The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) anchors a conserved signalling pathway that regulates growth in response to nutrient availability. Amino acids activate mTORC1 through the Rag GTPases, which are regulated by GATOR, a supercomplex consisting of GATOR1, KICSTOR and the nutrient-sensing hub GATOR2 (refs. ). GATOR2 forms an octagonal cage, with its distinct WD40 domain β-propellers interacting with GATOR1 and the leucine sensors Sestrin1 and Sestrin2 (SESN1 and SESN2) and the arginine sensor CASTOR1 (ref. ). The mechanisms through which these sensors regulate GATOR2 and how they detach from it upon binding their cognate amino acids remain unknown. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy, we determined the structures of a stabilized GATOR2 bound to either Sestrin2 or CASTOR1. The sensors occupy distinct and non-overlapping binding sites, disruption of which selectively impairs the ability of mTORC1 to sense individual amino acids. We also resolved the apo (leucine-free) structure of Sestrin2 and characterized the amino acid-induced structural rearrangements within Sestrin2 and CASTOR1 that trigger their dissociation from GATOR2. Binding of either sensor restricts the dynamic WDR24 β-propeller of GATOR2, a domain essential for nutrient-dependent mTORC1 activation. These findings reveal the allosteric mechanisms that convey amino acid sufficiency to GATOR2 and the ensuing structural changes that lead to mTORC1 activation. | ||||||||||||||||||
| History |
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Structure visualization
| Supplemental images |
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Downloads & links
-EMDB archive
-Related structure data
| Related structure data | ![]() 9dx1MC ![]() 9dx0C ![]() 9dx2C C: citing same article ( M: atomic model generated by this map |
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Links
| EMDB pages | EMDB (EBI/PDBe) / EMDataResource |
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Map
| File | Download / File: emd_47277.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 421.9 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Annotation | Consensus Map. C2-symmetric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Projections & slices | Image control
Images are generated by Spider. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Voxel size | X=Y=Z: 0.8697 Å | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Density |
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| Symmetry | Space group: 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Details | EMDB XML:
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-Supplemental data
+Mask #1
+Mask #2
+Mask #3
+Mask #4
+Additional map: Composite Map. Sharpened. C2-symmetric
+Additional map: Local Map 2. Unsharpened
+Additional map: Local Map 1. Half Map 2
+Additional map: Local Map 1. Half Map 1
+Additional map: Local Map 3. Half Map 2
+Additional map: Local Map 3. Half Map 1
+Additional map: Local Map 3. Sharpened
+Additional map: Local Map 3. Unsharpened
+Additional map: Local Map 4. Half Map 2
+Additional map: Local Map 4. Sharpened
+Additional map: Local Map 4. Half Map 1
+Additional map: Composite Map. Half Map 1
+Additional map: Local Map 4. Unsharpened
+Additional map: Composite Map. Half Map 2
+Additional map: Composite Map. Unsharpened. C2-symmetric
+Additional map: Local Map 2. Unsharpened
+Additional map: Local Map 2. Sharpened
+Additional map: Local Map 2. Half Map 2
+Additional map: Local Map 2. Half Map 1
+Additional map: Local Map 1. Sharpened
+Half map: Consensus Map. Half Map 1
+Half map: Consensus Map. Half Map 1
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Sample components
-Entire : Human GATOR2 complex bound to Sestrin2
| Entire | Name: Human GATOR2 complex bound to Sestrin2 |
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| Components |
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-Supramolecule #1: Human GATOR2 complex bound to Sestrin2
| Supramolecule | Name: Human GATOR2 complex bound to Sestrin2 / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#4 |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 1.25 MDa |
-Macromolecule #1: GATOR2 complex protein MIOS
| Macromolecule | Name: GATOR2 complex protein MIOS / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 2 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 126.193492 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: TKPDILWAPH HVDRFVVCDS ELSLYHVEST VNSELKAGSL RLSEDSAATL LSINSDTPYM KCVAWYLNYD PECLLAVGEA NGRVVLTSL GQDHNSKFKD LIGKEFVPKH ARQCNTLAWN PLDSDWLAAG LDKHRADFSV LIWDICVTKP LYELGQNDAC L SLCWLPRD ...String: TKPDILWAPH HVDRFVVCDS ELSLYHVEST VNSELKAGSL RLSEDSAATL LSINSDTPYM KCVAWYLNYD PECLLAVGEA NGRVVLTSL GQDHNSKFKD LIGKEFVPKH ARQCNTLAWN PLDSDWLAAG LDKHRADFSV LIWDICVTKP LYELGQNDAC L SLCWLPRD QKLLLAGMHR NLAIFDLRNT SQKMFVNTKA VQGVTVDPYF HDRVASFYEG QVAIWDLRKF EKPVLTLTEQ PK PLTKVAW CPTRTGLLAT LTRDSNIIRL YDMQHTPTPI GDETEPTIIE RSVQPCDNYI ASFAWHPTSQ NRMIVVTPNR TMS DFTVFE RISLAWSPIT SLMWACGRHL YECTEMFVAR SIAADHKDLI HDVSFDFHGR RMATCSSDQS VKVWDKSESG DWHC TASWK THSGSVWRVT WAHPEFGQVL ASCSFDRTAA VWEEIVGESN DKLRGQSHWV KRTTLVDSRT SVTDVKFAPK HMGLM LATC SADGIVRIYE APDVMNLSQW SLQHEISCKL SCSCISWNPS SSRAHSPMIA VGSDDSSPNA MAKVQIFEYN ENTRKY AKA ETLMTVTDPV HDIAFAPNLG RSFHILAIAT KDVRIFTLKP VRKELTSSGG PTKFEIHIVA QFDNHNSQVW RVSWNIT GT VLASSGDDGC VRLWKANYMD NWKCTGILKG NGSPVEKDIA TKMRLRALSR YGLDTEQVWR NHILAGNEDP QLKSLWYT L HFMKQYTEDM DQKSPGNKGS LVYAGIKSIV KSSLGMVESS RHNWSGLDKQ SDIQNLNEER ILALQLCGWI KKGTDVDVG PFLNSLVQEG EWERAAAVAL FNLDIRRAIQ ILNEGASSEK GDLNLNVVAM ALSGYTDEKN SLWREMCSTL RLQLNNPYLC VMFAFLTSE TGSYDGVLYE NKVAVRDRVA FACKFLSDTQ LNRYIEKLTN EMKEAGNLEG ILLTGLTKDG VDLMESYVDR T GDVQTASY CMLQGSPLDV LKDERVQYWI ENYRNLLDAW RFWHKRAEFD IHRSKLDPSS KPLAQVFVSC NFCGKSISYS KV TSCPGCR KPLPRCALCL INMGTPVSKD KKLAQFNNWF TWCHNCRHGG HAGHMLSWFR DHAECPVSAC TCKCMQLDT |
-Macromolecule #2: Nucleoporin SEH1
| Macromolecule | Name: Nucleoporin SEH1 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 66.601703 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: ERANPEGLCY GLFGDLAFAA KESLVAEPFA GLASSALSVF ETEPMFVARS IAADHKDLIH DVSFDFHGRR MATCSSDQSV KVWDKSESG DWHCTASWKT HSGSVWRVTW AHPEFGQVLA SCSFDRTAAV WEEIVKLRGQ SHWVKRTTLV DSRTSVTDVK F APKHMGLM ...String: ERANPEGLCY GLFGDLAFAA KESLVAEPFA GLASSALSVF ETEPMFVARS IAADHKDLIH DVSFDFHGRR MATCSSDQSV KVWDKSESG DWHCTASWKT HSGSVWRVTW AHPEFGQVLA SCSFDRTAAV WEEIVKLRGQ SHWVKRTTLV DSRTSVTDVK F APKHMGLM LATCSADGIV RIYEAPDVMN LSQWSLQHEI SCKLSCSCIS WNPSSSRAHS PMIAVGSDDS SPNAMAKVQI FE YNENTRK YAKAETLMTV TDPVHDIAFA PNLGRSFHIL AIATKDVRIF TLKPVRKELT SSGGPTKFEI HIVAQFDNHN SQV WRVSWN ITGTVLASSG DDGCVRLWKA NYMDNWKCTG ILKGNGGMRW FVDTAERYAL AGRPLAELCD HNAKVARELG RNQV AQTWT MLRIIYCSPD SSSFSLLSVS HALYDSRLPP DFFGVLVRDM LHFYAEQGDV QMAVSVLIVL GERVRKDIDE QTQEH WYTS YIDLLQRFRL WNVSNEVVKL STSRAVSCLN QASTTLHVNC SHCKRPMSSR GWVCDRCHRC ASMCAVCHHV VKGLFV WCQ GCSHGGHLQH IMKWLEGSSH CPAGCGHLCE YS |
-Macromolecule #3: Protein SEC13 homolog
| Macromolecule | Name: Protein SEC13 homolog / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 62.980754 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: ARVTTAYGSY QDANIPFPRT SGARFCGAGY LVYFTRPMTM HRAVSPTEPT PRSLSALSAY HTRWKSKREG SDSGNRQIKA AGKVIIQDG SGSGMVSVIN TVDTSHEDMI HDAQMDYYGT RLATCSSDRS VKIFDVRNGG QILIADLRGH EGPVWQVAWA H PMYGNILA ...String: ARVTTAYGSY QDANIPFPRT SGARFCGAGY LVYFTRPMTM HRAVSPTEPT PRSLSALSAY HTRWKSKREG SDSGNRQIKA AGKVIIQDG SGSGMVSVIN TVDTSHEDMI HDAQMDYYGT RLATCSSDRS VKIFDVRNGG QILIADLRGH EGPVWQVAWA H PMYGNILA SCSYDRKVII WREENGTWEK SHEHAGHDSS VNSVCWAPHD YGLILACGSS DGAISLLTYT GEGQWEVKKI NN AHTIGCN AVSWAPAVVP GSLIDHPSGQ KPNYIKRFAS GGCDNLIKLW KEEEDGQWKE EQKLEAHSDW VRDVAWAPSI GLP TSTIAS CSQDGRVFIW TCDDASSNTW SPKLLHKFND VVWHVSWSIT ANILAVSGGD NKVTLWKESV DGQWVCISDA CLLP VHKSL GELYILNVND IQETCQKNAA SALLVGRKDL VQVWSLATVA TDLCLGPKSD PDLETPWARH PFGRQLLESL LAHYC RLRD VQTLAMLCSV FEAQSRPQGL PNLTYSDPRE RERDQHDKNK RLLDPANTQQ FDDFKKCYGE ILYRWGLREK RAEVLK FVS C |
-Macromolecule #4: Sestrin2
| Macromolecule | Name: Sestrin2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 39.005801 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: RARRGPRGPS AFIPVEEVLR DNLAVVMGLH PDYFTSFWRL HYLLLHTDGP LASSWRHYIA IMAAARHQCS YLVGSHMAEF LQTGGDPEW LLGLHRAPEK LRKLSEINKL LAHRPWLITK EHIQALLKTG EHTWSLAELI QALVLLTHCH SLSSFVFGCG I LPEHPDML ...String: RARRGPRGPS AFIPVEEVLR DNLAVVMGLH PDYFTSFWRL HYLLLHTDGP LASSWRHYIA IMAAARHQCS YLVGSHMAEF LQTGGDPEW LLGLHRAPEK LRKLSEINKL LAHRPWLITK EHIQALLKTG EHTWSLAELI QALVLLTHCH SLSSFVFGCG I LPEHPDML CFVEDPTFGY EDFTRRGAQA PPTFRAQDYT WEDHGYSLIQ RLYPEGGQLL DEKFQAAYSL TYNTIAMHSG VD TSVLRRA IWNYIHCVFG IRYDDYDYGE VNQLLERNLK VYIKTVACYP EKTTRRMYNL FWRHFRHSEK VHVNLLLLEA RMQ AALLYA LRAITRYMT |
-Macromolecule #5: GATOR2 complex protein WDR24
| Macromolecule | Name: GATOR2 complex protein WDR24 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO |
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| Source (natural) | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Molecular weight | Theoretical: 82.784359 KDa |
| Recombinant expression | Organism: Homo sapiens (human) |
| Sequence | String: TKPDILWAPH HVDRFVVCDS ELSLYHVEST VNSELKAGSL RLSEDSAATL LSINSDTPYM KCVAWYLNYD PECLLAVGEA NGRVVLTSL GQDHNSKFKD LIGKEFVPKH ARQCNTLAWN PLDSDWLAAG LDKHRADFSV LIWDIPLYEL GQNDACLSLC W LPRDQKLL ...String: TKPDILWAPH HVDRFVVCDS ELSLYHVEST VNSELKAGSL RLSEDSAATL LSINSDTPYM KCVAWYLNYD PECLLAVGEA NGRVVLTSL GQDHNSKFKD LIGKEFVPKH ARQCNTLAWN PLDSDWLAAG LDKHRADFSV LIWDIPLYEL GQNDACLSLC W LPRDQKLL LAGMHRNLAI FDLRNTSQKM FVNTKAVQGV TVDPYFHDRV ASFYEGQVAI WDLRKFEKPV LTLTEQPKPL TK VAWCPTR TGLLATLTRD SNIIRLYDMQ HTPTPIGDET EPTIIERSVQ PCDNYIASFA WHPTSQNRMI VVTPNRTMSD FTV FSVLTG RTMHCHLDAP ANAISVCRDA AQVVVAGRSI FKIYAIEEEQ FVEKLNLRVG RKPSLNLSCA DVVWHQMDEN LLAT AATNG VVVTWNLGRP SRNKQDQLFT EHKRTVNKVC FHPTEAHVLL SGSQDGFMKC FDLRRKDSVS TFSGQSESVR DVQFS IRDY FTFASTFENG NVQLWDIRRP DRCERMFTAH NGPVFCCDWH PEDRGWLATG GRDKMVKVWD MTTHRAKEMH CVQTIA SVA RVKWRPECRH HLATCSMMVD HNIYVWDVRR PFVPAAMFEE HRDVTTGIAW RHPHDPSFLL SGSKDSSLCQ HLFRDAS QP VPPDPHKGIE FGVYCSHCRS EVRGTQCAIC KGFTFQCAIC HVAVRGSSNF CLTCGHGGHT SHMMEWFRTQ EVCPTGCG C HCLLESTF |
-Experimental details
-Structure determination
| Method | cryo EM |
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Processing | single particle reconstruction |
| Aggregation state | particle |
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Sample preparation
| Concentration | 3 mg/mL |
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| Buffer | pH: 7.4 |
| Grid | Model: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 / Mesh: 300 / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE |
| Vitrification | Cryogen name: ETHANE |
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Electron microscopy
| Microscope | TFS KRIOS |
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| Image recording | Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 69.44 e/Å2 |
| Electron beam | Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN |
| Electron optics | Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: 4D-STEM / Nominal defocus max: 2.1 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.7000000000000001 µm |
| Experimental equipment | ![]() Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company |
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About Yorodumi




Keywords
Homo sapiens (human)
Authors
United States, 5 items
Citation





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Processing
FIELD EMISSION GUN

