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- EMDB-44628: Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 S 6P trimer complex with the human ne... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-44628
TitleStructure of the SARS-CoV-2 S 6P trimer complex with the human neutralizing antibody Fab fragment, C1596
Map datasharpened map
Sample
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 S 6P + C1596 Fab fragments
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: C1596 Fab Heavy Chain
    • Protein or peptide: C1596 Light Chain
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsAntiviral protein / SARS-CoV-2 / Antibody / VIRAL PROTEIN-IMMUNE SYSTEM complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell ...Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / receptor ligand activity / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Homo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.04 Å
AuthorsRubio AA / Abernathy ME / Barnes CO
Funding support United States, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)GT15335 United States
CitationJournal: Sci Transl Med / Year: 2025
Title: Bispecific antibodies targeting the N-terminal and receptor binding domains potently neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
Authors: Adonis A Rubio / Viren A Baharani / Bernadeta Dadonaite / Megan Parada / Morgan E Abernathy / Zijun Wang / Yu E Lee / Michael R Eso / Jennie Phung / Israel Ramos / Teresia Chen / Gina El ...Authors: Adonis A Rubio / Viren A Baharani / Bernadeta Dadonaite / Megan Parada / Morgan E Abernathy / Zijun Wang / Yu E Lee / Michael R Eso / Jennie Phung / Israel Ramos / Teresia Chen / Gina El Nesr / Jesse D Bloom / Paul D Bieniasz / Michel C Nussenzweig / Christopher O Barnes /
Abstract: The ongoing emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) that reduce the effectiveness of antibody therapeutics necessitates development of ...The ongoing emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) that reduce the effectiveness of antibody therapeutics necessitates development of next-generation antibody modalities that are resilient to viral evolution. Here, we characterized amino-terminal domain (NTD)- and receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific monoclonal antibodies previously isolated from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent donors for their activity against emergent SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Among these, the NTD-specific antibody C1596 displayed the greatest breadth of binding to VOCs, with cryo-electron microscopy structural analysis revealing recognition of a distinct NTD epitope outside of the site i antigenic supersite. Given C1596's favorable binding profile, we designed a series of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), termed CoV2-biRNs, that featured both NTD and RBD specificities. Two of the C1596-inclusive bsAbs, CoV2-biRN5 and CoV2-biRN7, retained potent in vitro neutralization activity against all Omicron variants tested, including XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, and JN.1, contrasting the diminished potency of parental antibodies delivered as monotherapies or as a cocktail. Furthermore, prophylactic delivery of CoV2-biRN5 reduced the viral load within the lungs of K18-hACE2 mice after challenge with SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5. In conclusion, NTD-RBD bsAbs offer promising potential for the design of resilient, next-generation antibody therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs.
History
DepositionApr 24, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseMar 5, 2025-
Map releaseMar 5, 2025-
UpdateMar 19, 2025-
Current statusMar 19, 2025Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_44628.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 307.5 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Annotationsharpened map
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
0.85 Å/pix.
x 432 pix.
= 368.107 Å
0.85 Å/pix.
x 432 pix.
= 368.107 Å
0.85 Å/pix.
x 432 pix.
= 368.107 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 0.8521 Å
Density
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.139
Minimum - Maximum-0.8935063 - 1.3712602
Average (Standard dev.)-0.0001152548 (±0.031139968)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions432432432
Spacing432432432
CellA=B=C: 368.1072 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_44628_msk_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Additional map: blurred, b factor 70

Fileemd_44628_additional_1.map
Annotationblurred, b factor 70
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_44628_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Half map: EM half map B

Fileemd_44628_half_map_2.map
AnnotationEM half map B
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Sample components

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Entire : SARS-CoV-2 S 6P + C1596 Fab fragments

EntireName: SARS-CoV-2 S 6P + C1596 Fab fragments
Components
  • Complex: SARS-CoV-2 S 6P + C1596 Fab fragments
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: C1596 Fab Heavy Chain
    • Protein or peptide: C1596 Light Chain
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: SARS-CoV-2 S 6P + C1596 Fab fragments

SupramoleculeName: SARS-CoV-2 S 6P + C1596 Fab fragments / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#3
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 567 KDa

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Macromolecule #1: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 141.157391 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF ...String:
MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF EYVSQPFLMD LEGKQGNFKN LREFVFKNID GYFKIYSKHT PINLVRDLPQ GFSALEPLVD LPIGINITRF QT LLALHRS YLTPGDSSSG WTAGAAAYYV GYLQPRTFLL KYNENGTITD AVDCALDPLS ETKCTLKSFT VEKGIYQTSN FRV QPTESI VRFPNITNLC PFGEVFNATR FASVYAWNRK RISNCVADYS VLYNSASFST FKCYGVSPTK LNDLCFTNVY ADSF VIRGD EVRQIAPGQT GKIADYNYKL PDDFTGCVIA WNSNNLDSKV GGNYNYLYRL FRKSNLKPFE RDISTEIYQA GSTPC NGVE GFNCYFPLQS YGFQPTNGVG YQPYRVVVLS FELLHAPATV CGPKKSTNLV KNKCVNFNFN GLTGTGVLTE SNKKFL PFQ QFGRDIADTT DAVRDPQTLE ILDITPCSFG GVSVITPGTN TSNQVAVLYQ DVNCTEVPVA IHADQLTPTW RVYSTGS NV FQTRAGCLIG AEHVNNSYEC DIPIGAGICA SYQTQTNSPA SVASQSIIAY TMSLGAENSV AYSNNSIAIP TNFTISVT T EILPVSMTKT SVDCTMYICG DSTECSNLLL QYGSFCTQLN RALTGIAVEQ DKNTQEVFAQ VKQIYKTPPI KDFGGFNFS QILPDPSKPS KRSPIEDLLF NKVTLADAGF IKQYGDCLGD IAARDLICAQ KFNGLTVLPP LLTDEMIAQY TSALLAGTIT SGWTFGAGP ALQIPFPMQM AYRFNGIGVT QNVLYENQKL IANQFNSAIG KIQDSLSSTP SALGKLQDVV NQNAQALNTL V KQLSSNFG AISSVLNDIL SRLDPPEAEV QIDRLITGRL QSLQTYVTQQ LIRAAEIRAS ANLAATKMSE CVLGQSKRVD FC GKGYHLM SFPQSAPHGV VFLHVTYVPA QEKNFTTAPA ICHDGKAHFP REGVFVSNGT HWFVTQRNFY EPQIITTDNT FVS GNCDVV IGIVNNTVYD PLQPELDSFK EELDKYFKNH TSPDVDLGDI SGINASVVNI QKEIDRLNEV AKNLNESLID LQEL GKYEQ YIKWPSGRLV PRGSPGSGYI PEAPRDGQAY VRKDGEWVLL STFLGHHHHH HGLNDIFEAQ KIEWHE

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #2: C1596 Fab Heavy Chain

MacromoleculeName: C1596 Fab Heavy Chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 25.569721 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: QVQLVQSGAE VKKPGSSVKV SCKASGGTFI NYAVTWVRQA PGQGLEWMGG IIPILGIPNY AQKFQGRVTI TADKSTSTAY MELSSLRSE DTAVYYCARV PQAGAAQGHY YYYYGMDVWG QGTTVTVSSA STKGPSVFPL APSSKSTSGG TAALGCLVKD Y FPEPVTVS ...String:
QVQLVQSGAE VKKPGSSVKV SCKASGGTFI NYAVTWVRQA PGQGLEWMGG IIPILGIPNY AQKFQGRVTI TADKSTSTAY MELSSLRSE DTAVYYCARV PQAGAAQGHY YYYYGMDVWG QGTTVTVSSA STKGPSVFPL APSSKSTSGG TAALGCLVKD Y FPEPVTVS WNSGALTSGV HTFPAVLQSS GLYSLSSVVT VPSSSLGTQT YICNVNHKPS NTKVDKRVEP KSCDKTHHHH HH

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Macromolecule #3: C1596 Light Chain

MacromoleculeName: C1596 Light Chain / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 23.344904 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: EIVLTQSPGT LSLSPGERAT LSCRASQSVT SSYLAWYQQK PGQAPRLLIY GASSRVTGIP DRFSGSGSGT DFTLTISRLE PEDFAVYYC QQYGSSPLTF GGGTKVEIKR TVAAPSVFIF PPSDEQLKSG TASVVCLLNN FYPREAKVQW KVDNALQSGN S QESVTEQD ...String:
EIVLTQSPGT LSLSPGERAT LSCRASQSVT SSYLAWYQQK PGQAPRLLIY GASSRVTGIP DRFSGSGSGT DFTLTISRLE PEDFAVYYC QQYGSSPLTF GGGTKVEIKR TVAAPSVFIF PPSDEQLKSG TASVVCLLNN FYPREAKVQW KVDNALQSGN S QESVTEQD SKDSTYSLSS TLTLSKADYE KHKVYACEVT HQGLSSPVTK SFNRGEC

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Macromolecule #7: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 7 / Number of copies: 18 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration3 mg/mL
BufferpH: 8
GridModel: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: COPPER / Mesh: 300 / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 60 sec. / Pretreatment - Atmosphere: AIR
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Specialist opticsEnergy filter - Name: GIF Bioquantum / Energy filter - Slit width: 20 eV
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Number real images: 4537 / Average exposure time: 3.009 sec. / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / Nominal defocus max: 2.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 1.0 µm
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 1044169
Startup modelType of model: OTHER / Details: Ab initio
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C3 (3 fold cyclic) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.04 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC / Number images used: 362680
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD / Software - Name: cryoSPARC
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

RefinementSpace: REAL / Protocol: RIGID BODY FIT
Output model

PDB-9bj3:
Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 S 6P trimer complex with the human neutralizing antibody Fab fragment, C1596

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