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- EMDB-43392: Structure of VCP in complex with an ATPase activator and ADP (D2 ... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-43392
TitleStructure of VCP in complex with an ATPase activator and ADP (D2 domains only, hexameric form)
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Complex of VCP with ADP and ATPase activator small molecule VAA1
    • Protein or peptide: Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
  • Ligand: (3R)-N-[2-(ethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-3-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)butanamide
Keywordsactivator / complex / ATPase / AAA protein / HYDROLASE / HYDROLASE-ACTIVATOR complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of Lys63-specific deubiquitinase activity / flavin adenine dinucleotide catabolic process / positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation / VCP-NSFL1C complex / endosome to lysosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway / protein-DNA covalent cross-linking repair / endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control / cellular response to arsenite ion / Derlin-1 retrotranslocation complex / BAT3 complex binding ...positive regulation of Lys63-specific deubiquitinase activity / flavin adenine dinucleotide catabolic process / positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation / VCP-NSFL1C complex / endosome to lysosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway / protein-DNA covalent cross-linking repair / endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control / cellular response to arsenite ion / Derlin-1 retrotranslocation complex / BAT3 complex binding / positive regulation of protein K63-linked deubiquitination / deubiquitinase activator activity / mitotic spindle disassembly / VCP-NPL4-UFD1 AAA ATPase complex / aggresome assembly / regulation of protein localization to chromatin / vesicle-fusing ATPase / NADH metabolic process / cellular response to misfolded protein / stress granule disassembly / K48-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding / positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential / negative regulation of protein localization to chromatin / ubiquitin-modified protein reader activity / retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol / regulation of aerobic respiration / positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process / regulation of synapse organization / ATPase complex / ubiquitin-specific protease binding / ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding / MHC class I protein binding / autophagosome maturation / RHOH GTPase cycle / ERAD pathway / polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding / HSF1 activation / Protein methylation / translesion synthesis / endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport / interstrand cross-link repair / negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway / ATP metabolic process / Attachment and Entry / endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response / viral genome replication / lipid droplet / proteasome complex / proteasomal protein catabolic process / Josephin domain DUBs / N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle / Hh mutants are degraded by ERAD / Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis / Hedgehog ligand biogenesis / macroautophagy / Translesion Synthesis by POLH / positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly / ABC-family proteins mediated transport / establishment of protein localization / ADP binding / autophagy / Aggrephagy / cytoplasmic stress granule / positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / positive regulation of protein catabolic process / activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process / KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway / azurophil granule lumen / double-strand break repair / Ovarian tumor domain proteases / positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway / positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiquitinate target proteins / site of double-strand break / Neddylation / cellular response to heat / ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / protein phosphatase binding / regulation of apoptotic process / proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / secretory granule lumen / ficolin-1-rich granule lumen / Attachment and Entry / protein ubiquitination / protein domain specific binding / intracellular membrane-bounded organelle / DNA repair / glutamatergic synapse / lipid binding / ubiquitin protein ligase binding / DNA damage response / Neutrophil degranulation / endoplasmic reticulum membrane / perinuclear region of cytoplasm / endoplasmic reticulum / ATP hydrolysis activity / protein-containing complex / RNA binding / extracellular exosome / extracellular region
Similarity search - Function
AAA ATPase, CDC48 family / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48), N-terminal domain / CDC48, N-terminal subdomain / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48) N-terminal domain / CDC48, domain 2 / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48), domain 2 / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48) domain 2 / CDC48 domain 2-like superfamily / Aspartate decarboxylase-like domain superfamily / AAA ATPase, AAA+ lid domain ...AAA ATPase, CDC48 family / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48), N-terminal domain / CDC48, N-terminal subdomain / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48) N-terminal domain / CDC48, domain 2 / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48), domain 2 / Cell division protein 48 (CDC48) domain 2 / CDC48 domain 2-like superfamily / Aspartate decarboxylase-like domain superfamily / AAA ATPase, AAA+ lid domain / AAA+ lid domain / ATPase, AAA-type, conserved site / AAA-protein family signature. / ATPase family associated with various cellular activities (AAA) / ATPase, AAA-type, core / ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities / AAA+ ATPase domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.6 Å
AuthorsJones NH / Urnivicius L / Kapoor TM
Funding support United States, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)GM130234 United States
CitationJournal: bioRxiv / Year: 2023
Title: Allosteric activation of VCP, a AAA unfoldase, by small molecule mimicry.
Authors: N H Jones / Q Liu / L Urnavicius / N E Dahan / L E Vostal / T M Kapoor
Abstract: The loss of function of AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) mechanoenzymes has been linked to diseases, and small molecules that activate these proteins can be powerful tools to ...The loss of function of AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) mechanoenzymes has been linked to diseases, and small molecules that activate these proteins can be powerful tools to probe mechanisms and test therapeutic hypotheses. Unlike chemical inhibitors that can bind a single conformational state to block enzyme activity, activator binding must be permissive to different conformational states needed for enzyme function. However, we do not know how AAA proteins can be activated by small molecules. Here, we focus on valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, a AAA unfoldase whose loss of function has been linked to protein aggregation-based disorders, to identify druggable sites for chemical activators. We identified VCP Activator 1 (VA1), a compound that dose-dependently stimulates VCP ATPase activity up to ∼3-fold. Our cryo-EM studies resulted in structures (∼2.9-3.5 Å-resolution) of VCP in apo and ADP-bound states, and revealed VA1 binding an allosteric pocket near the C-terminus in both states. Engineered mutations in the VA1 binding site confer resistance to VA1, and furthermore, modulate VCP activity to a similar level as VA1-mediated activation. The VA1 binding site can alternatively be occupied by a phenylalanine residue in the VCP C-terminal tail, a motif that is post-translationally modified and interacts with cofactors. Together, our findings uncover a druggable allosteric site and a mechanism of enzyme regulation that can be tuned through small molecule mimicry.
SIGNIFICANCE: The loss of function of valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), a mechanoenzyme from the AAA superfamily that hydrolyzes ATP and uses the released energy to extract or unfold substrate ...SIGNIFICANCE: The loss of function of valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), a mechanoenzyme from the AAA superfamily that hydrolyzes ATP and uses the released energy to extract or unfold substrate proteins, is linked to protein aggregation-based disorders. However, druggable allosteric sites to activate VCP, or any AAA mechanoenzyme, have not been identified. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of VCP in two states in complex with VA1, a compound we identified that dose-dependently stimulates VCP's ATP hydrolysis activity. The VA1 binding site can also be occupied by a phenylalanine residue in the VCP C-terminal tail, suggesting that VA1 acts through mimicry of this interaction. Our study reveals a druggable allosteric site and a mechanism of enzyme regulation.
History
DepositionJan 16, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseJun 19, 2024-
Map releaseJun 19, 2024-
UpdateJun 19, 2024-
Current statusJun 19, 2024Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_43392.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_43392.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 190.1 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.04 Å/pix.
x 368 pix.
= 380.88 Å		1.04 Å/pix.
x 368 pix.
= 380.88 Å		1.04 Å/pix.
x 368 pix.
= 380.88 Å

Surface

Projections

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.035 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.0162
Minimum - Maximum-0.061895408 - 0.10393828
Average (Standard dev.)-0.0000024460837 (±0.002703281)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions368368368
Spacing368368368
CellA=B=C: 380.87997 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_43392_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
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Slices (1/2)
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Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_43392_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : Complex of VCP with ADP and ATPase activator small molecule VAA1

EntireName: Complex of VCP with ADP and ATPase activator small molecule VAA1
Components
  • Complex: Complex of VCP with ADP and ATPase activator small molecule VAA1
    • Protein or peptide: Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase
  • Ligand: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE
  • Ligand: (3R)-N-[2-(ethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-3-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)butanamide

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Supramolecule #1: Complex of VCP with ADP and ATPase activator small molecule VAA1

SupramoleculeName: Complex of VCP with ADP and ATPase activator small molecule VAA1
type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase

MacromoleculeName: Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 6 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: vesicle-fusing ATPase
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 89.43682 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
SequenceString: MASGADSKGD DLSTAILKQK NRPNRLIVDE AINEDNSVVS LSQPKMDELQ LFRGDTVLLK GKKRREAVCI VLSDDTCSDE KIRMNRVVR NNLRVRLGDV ISIQPCPDVK YGKRIHVLPI DDTVEGITGN LFEVYLKPYF LEAYRPIRKG DIFLVRGGMR A VEFKVVET ...String:
MASGADSKGD DLSTAILKQK NRPNRLIVDE AINEDNSVVS LSQPKMDELQ LFRGDTVLLK GKKRREAVCI VLSDDTCSDE KIRMNRVVR NNLRVRLGDV ISIQPCPDVK YGKRIHVLPI DDTVEGITGN LFEVYLKPYF LEAYRPIRKG DIFLVRGGMR A VEFKVVET DPSPYCIVAP DTVIHCEGEP IKREDEEESL NEVGYDDIGG CRKQLAQIKE MVELPLRHPA LFKAIGVKPP RG ILLYGPP GTGKTLIARA VANETGAFFF LINGPEIMSK LAGESESNLR KAFEEAEKNA PAIIFIDELD AIAPKREKTH GEV ERRIVS QLLTLMDGLK QRAHVIVMAA TNRPNSIDPA LRRFGRFDRE VDIGIPDATG RLEILQIHTK NMKLADDVDL EQVA NETHG HVGADLAALC SEAALQAIRK KMDLIDLEDE TIDAEVMNSL AVTMDDFRWA LSQSNPSALR ETVVEVPQVT WEDIG GLED VKRELQELVQ YPVEHPDKFL KFGMTPSKGV LFYGPPGCGK TLLAKAIANE CQANFISIKG PELLTMWFGE SEANVR EIF DKARQAAPCV LFFDELDSIA KARGGNIGDG GGAADRVINQ ILTEMDGMST KKNVFIIGAT NRPDIIDPAI LRPGRLD QL IYIPLPDEKS RVAILKANLR KSPVAKDVDL EFLAKMTNGF SGADLTEICQ RACKLAIRES IESEIRRERE RQTNPSAM E VEEDDPVPEI RRDHFEEAMR FARRSVSDND IRKYEMFAQT LQQSRGFGSF RFPSGNQGGA GPSQGSGGGT GGSVYTEDN DDDLYG

UniProtKB: Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase

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Macromolecule #2: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE

MacromoleculeName: ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / type: ligand / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 6 / Formula: ADP
Molecular weightTheoretical: 427.201 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-ADP:
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM / Adenosine diphosphate

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Macromolecule #3: (3R)-N-[2-(ethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-3-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol...

MacromoleculeName: (3R)-N-[2-(ethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-3-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)butanamide
type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 6 / Formula: A1AC1
Molecular weightTheoretical: 354.466 Da

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration1 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.5
Component:
ConcentrationFormulaName
50.0 mMC8H18N2O4SHEPES
25.0 mMKClpotassium chloride
2.5 mMMgCl2magnesium chloride
2.5 mMC10H17N3O6Sglutathione
0.5 %(CH3)2SODMSODimethyl sulfoxide
0.01 %C20H25F13O11FOM

Details: 50 mM K.HEPES pH 7.5, 25 mM KCl, 2.5 mM MgCl2, 2.5 mM GSH, 0.5% DMSO, 0.01% FOM
GridModel: Quantifoil R2/2 / Material: COPPER / Mesh: 300 / Pretreatment - Type: GLOW DISCHARGE / Pretreatment - Time: 30 sec.
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 298 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELDBright-field microscopy / Nominal defocus max: 3.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.5 µm
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 38.3 e/Å2
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 15016678 / Details: Autopicking
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C6 (6 fold cyclic) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 148297
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial modelPDB ID:

5ftl


Chain - Source name: PDB / Chain - Initial model type: experimental model
RefinementSpace: REAL
Output model

PDB-8vov:
Structure of VCP in complex with an ATPase activator and ADP (D2 domains only, hexameric form)

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