National Institutes of Health/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NIH/NICHD)
T32GM008570
United States
Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF)
WWTF-LS19-029
Austria
National Institutes of Health/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NIH/NICHD)
R35GM128855
United States
National Science Foundation (NSF, United States)
DGE-1650116
United States
Citation
Journal: Nat Struct Mol Biol / Year: 2023 Title: Time-resolved cryo-EM (TR-EM) analysis of substrate polyubiquitination by the RING E3 anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Authors: Tatyana Bodrug / Kaeli A Welsh / Derek L Bolhuis / Ethan Paulаkonis / Raquel C Martinez-Chacin / Bei Liu / Nicholas Pinkin / Thomas Bonacci / Liying Cui / Pengning Xu / Olivia Roscow / ...Authors: Tatyana Bodrug / Kaeli A Welsh / Derek L Bolhuis / Ethan Paulаkonis / Raquel C Martinez-Chacin / Bei Liu / Nicholas Pinkin / Thomas Bonacci / Liying Cui / Pengning Xu / Olivia Roscow / Sascha Josef Amann / Irina Grishkovskaya / Michael J Emanuele / Joseph S Harrison / Joshua P Steimel / Klaus M Hahn / Wei Zhang / Ellen D Zhong / David Haselbach / Nicholas G Brown / Abstract: Substrate polyubiquitination drives a myriad of cellular processes, including the cell cycle, apoptosis and immune responses. Polyubiquitination is highly dynamic, and obtaining mechanistic insight ...Substrate polyubiquitination drives a myriad of cellular processes, including the cell cycle, apoptosis and immune responses. Polyubiquitination is highly dynamic, and obtaining mechanistic insight has thus far required artificially trapped structures to stabilize specific steps along the enzymatic process. So far, how any ubiquitin ligase builds a proteasomal degradation signal, which is canonically regarded as four or more ubiquitins, remains unclear. Here we present time-resolved cryogenic electron microscopy studies of the 1.2 MDa E3 ubiquitin ligase, known as the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), and its E2 co-enzymes (UBE2C/UBCH10 and UBE2S) during substrate polyubiquitination. Using cryoDRGN (Deep Reconstructing Generative Networks), a neural network-based approach, we reconstruct the conformational changes undergone by the human APC/C during polyubiquitination, directly visualize an active E3-E2 pair modifying its substrate, and identify unexpected interactions between multiple ubiquitins with parts of the APC/C machinery, including its coactivator CDH1. Together, we demonstrate how modification of substrates with nascent ubiquitin chains helps to potentiate processive substrate polyubiquitination, allowing us to model how a ubiquitin ligase builds a proteasomal degradation signal.
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