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- EMDB-39816: Cryo-EM structure of APJR-Gi complex with agonistic antibody -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-39816
TitleCryo-EM structure of APJR-Gi complex with agonistic antibody
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: APJR complexed with gi
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Soluble cytochrome b562,Apelin receptor
    • Protein or peptide: scfv16
    • Protein or peptide: agonistic antibody
KeywordsGPCR / APJR / Gi / Agonistic Antibody / SIGNALING PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


: / apelin receptor activity / apelin receptor signaling pathway / mechanoreceptor activity / regulation of gap junction assembly / positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization / vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation / atrioventricular valve development / regulation of body fluid levels / venous blood vessel development ...: / apelin receptor activity / apelin receptor signaling pathway / mechanoreceptor activity / regulation of gap junction assembly / positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization / vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation / atrioventricular valve development / regulation of body fluid levels / venous blood vessel development / positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress / endocardial cushion formation / positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis / coronary vasculature development / adult heart development / vasculature development / G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity / aorta development / negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress / ventricular septum morphogenesis / blood vessel development / heart looping / vasculogenesis / adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity / positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex / Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway / T cell migration / D2 dopamine receptor binding / response to prostaglandin E / gastrulation / adenylate cyclase regulator activity / G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway / cellular response to forskolin / regulation of mitotic spindle organization / Peptide ligand-binding receptors / positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / Regulation of insulin secretion / positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process / negative regulation of insulin secretion / electron transport chain / G protein-coupled receptor binding / G protein-coupled receptor activity / response to peptide hormone / adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding / centriolar satellite / Olfactory Signaling Pathway / Activation of the phototransduction cascade / G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta / Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors / Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor / G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway / Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels / Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits / G-protein activation / positive regulation of angiogenesis / Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor / G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 / Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation / G beta:gamma signalling through BTK / Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 / photoreceptor disc membrane / Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste / Glucagon-type ligand receptors / Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion / Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins / GDP binding / Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion / G alpha (z) signalling events / cellular response to catecholamine stimulus / ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 / ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production / G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma / adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway / Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding / GPER1 signaling / Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade / cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus / G-protein beta-subunit binding / heterotrimeric G-protein complex / G alpha (12/13) signalling events / sensory perception of taste / extracellular vesicle / signaling receptor activity / signaling receptor complex adaptor activity / Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) / heart development / retina development in camera-type eye / G protein activity / regulation of gene expression / GTPase binding / Ca2+ pathway / fibroblast proliferation / midbody / High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells / cell cortex / angiogenesis
Similarity search - Function
Apelin receptor / : / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome c/b562 / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. ...Apelin receptor / : / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome b562 / Cytochrome c/b562 / G-protein alpha subunit, group I / Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit / G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion / G-protein alpha subunit / G-alpha domain profile. / G protein alpha subunit / G-protein, gamma subunit / G-protein gamma subunit domain profile. / G-protein gamma-like domain / G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily / GGL domain / G protein gamma subunit-like motifs / GGL domain / G protein beta WD-40 repeat protein / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit / G-protein, beta subunit / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 signature. / G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like / GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM / G-protein coupled receptors family 1 profile. / 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) / G-protein beta WD-40 repeat / WD40 repeat, conserved site / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats signature. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats profile. / Trp-Asp (WD) repeats circular profile. / WD40 repeats / WD40 repeat / WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily / WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Soluble cytochrome b562 / Apelin receptor / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 / Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.12 Å
AuthorsYue Y / Liu LE / Wu LJ / Xu F
Funding support1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Not funded
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2025
Title: Structural insights into the regulation of monomeric and dimeric apelin receptor.
Authors: Yang Yue / Lier Liu / Lijie Wu / Chanjuan Xu / Man Na / Shenhui Liu / Yuxuan Liu / Fei Li / Junlin Liu / Songting Shi / Hui Lei / Minxuan Zhao / Tianjie Yang / Wei Ji / Arthur Wang / Michael ...Authors: Yang Yue / Lier Liu / Lijie Wu / Chanjuan Xu / Man Na / Shenhui Liu / Yuxuan Liu / Fei Li / Junlin Liu / Songting Shi / Hui Lei / Minxuan Zhao / Tianjie Yang / Wei Ji / Arthur Wang / Michael A Hanson / Raymond C Stevens / Jianfeng Liu / Fei Xu /
Abstract: The apelin receptor (APJR) emerges as a promising drug target for cardiovascular health and muscle regeneration. While prior research unveiled the structural versatility of APJR in coupling to Gi ...The apelin receptor (APJR) emerges as a promising drug target for cardiovascular health and muscle regeneration. While prior research unveiled the structural versatility of APJR in coupling to Gi proteins as a monomer or dimer, the dynamic regulation within the APJR dimer during activation remains poorly understood. In this study, we present the structures of the APJR dimer and monomer complexed with its endogenous ligand apelin-13. In the dimeric structure, apelin-13 binds exclusively to one protomer that is coupled with Gi proteins, revealing a distinct ligand-binding behavior within APJR homodimers. Furthermore, binding of an antagonistic antibody induces a more compact dimerization by engaging both protomers. Notably, structural analyses of the APJR dimer complexed with an agonistic antibody, with or without Gi proteins, suggest that G protein coupling may promote the dissociation of the APJR dimer during activation. These findings underscore the intricate interplay between ligands, dimerization, and G protein coupling in regulating APJR signaling pathways.
History
DepositionApr 20, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseJan 22, 2025-
Map releaseJan 22, 2025-
UpdateJul 2, 2025-
Current statusJul 2, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_39816.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_39816.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 64 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
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AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.04 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 266.24 Å		1.04 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 266.24 Å		1.04 Å/pix.
x 256 pix.
= 266.24 Å

Surface

Projections

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.04 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.2
Minimum - Maximum-0.0017524741 - 1.869364
Average (Standard dev.)0.001029052 (±0.023605889)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions256256256
Spacing256256256
CellA=B=C: 266.24 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_39816_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
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Density Histograms

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Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_39816_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : APJR complexed with gi

EntireName: APJR complexed with gi
Components
  • Complex: APJR complexed with gi
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
    • Protein or peptide: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
    • Protein or peptide: Soluble cytochrome b562,Apelin receptor
    • Protein or peptide: scfv16
    • Protein or peptide: agonistic antibody

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Supramolecule #1: APJR complexed with gi

SupramoleculeName: APJR complexed with gi / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: all
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 40.55916 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: GSMGCTLSAE DKAAVERSKM IDRNLREDGE KAAREVKLLL LGAGESGKST IVKQMKIIHE AGYSEEECKQ YKAVVYSNTI QSIIAIIRA MGRLKIDFGD SARADDARQL FVLAGAAEEG FMTAELAGVI KRLWKDSGVQ ACFNRSREYQ LNDSAAYYLN D LDRIAQPN ...String:
GSMGCTLSAE DKAAVERSKM IDRNLREDGE KAAREVKLLL LGAGESGKST IVKQMKIIHE AGYSEEECKQ YKAVVYSNTI QSIIAIIRA MGRLKIDFGD SARADDARQL FVLAGAAEEG FMTAELAGVI KRLWKDSGVQ ACFNRSREYQ LNDSAAYYLN D LDRIAQPN YIPTQQDVLR TRVKTTGIVE THFTFKDLHF KMFDVGGQRS ERKKWIHCFE GVTAIIFCVA LSDYDLVLAE DE EMNRMHE SMKLFDSICN NKWFTDTSII LFLNKKDLFE EKIKKSPLTI CYPEYAGSNT YEEAAAYIQC QFEDLNKRKD TKE IYTHFT CATDTKNVQF VFDAVTDVII KNNLKDCGLF

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

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Macromolecule #2: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 37.41693 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: MSELDQLRQE AEQLKNQIRD ARKACADATL SQITNNIDPV GRIQMRTRRT LRGHLAKIYA MHWGTDSRLL VSASQDGKLI IWDSYTTNK VHAIPLRSSW VMTCAYAPSG NYVACGGLDN ICSIYNLKTR EGNVRVSREL AGHTGYLSCC RFLDDNQIVT S SGDTTCAL ...String:
MSELDQLRQE AEQLKNQIRD ARKACADATL SQITNNIDPV GRIQMRTRRT LRGHLAKIYA MHWGTDSRLL VSASQDGKLI IWDSYTTNK VHAIPLRSSW VMTCAYAPSG NYVACGGLDN ICSIYNLKTR EGNVRVSREL AGHTGYLSCC RFLDDNQIVT S SGDTTCAL WDIETGQQTT TFTGHTGDVM SLSLAPDTRL FVSGACDASA KLWDVREGMC RQTFTGHESD INAICFFPNG NA FATGSDD ATCRLFDLRA DQELMTYSHD NIICGITSVS FSKSGRLLLA GYDDFNCNVW DALKADRAGV LAGHDNRVSC LGV TDDGMA VATGSWDSFL KIWN

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1

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Macromolecule #3: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

MacromoleculeName: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2
type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 7.861143 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString:
MASNNTASIA QARKLVEQLK MEANIDRIKV SKAAADLMAY CEAHAKEDPL LTPVPASENP FREKKFFCAI L

UniProtKB: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

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Macromolecule #4: Soluble cytochrome b562,Apelin receptor

MacromoleculeName: Soluble cytochrome b562,Apelin receptor / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 54.312578 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: MKTIIALSYI FCLVFADYKD DDDKHHHHHH HHHHLEVLFQ GPADLEDNWE TLNDNLKVIE KADNAAQVKD ALTKMRAAAL DAQKATPPK LEDKSPDSPE MKDFRHGFDI LVGQIDDALK LANEGKVKEA QAAAEQLKTT RNAYIQKYLE EGGDFDNYYG A DNQSECEY ...String:
MKTIIALSYI FCLVFADYKD DDDKHHHHHH HHHHLEVLFQ GPADLEDNWE TLNDNLKVIE KADNAAQVKD ALTKMRAAAL DAQKATPPK LEDKSPDSPE MKDFRHGFDI LVGQIDDALK LANEGKVKEA QAAAEQLKTT RNAYIQKYLE EGGDFDNYYG A DNQSECEY TDWKSSGALI PAIYMLVFLL GTTGNGLVLW TVFRSSREKR RSADIFIASL AVADLTFVVT LPLWATYTYR DY DWPFGTF FCKLSSYLIF VNMYASVFCL TGLSFDRYLA IVRPVANARL RLRVSGAVAT AVLWVLAALL AMPVMVLRTT GDL ENTTKV QCYMDYSMVA TVSSEWAWEV GLGVSSTTVG FVVPFTIMLT CYFFIAQTIA GHFRKERIEG LRKRRRLLSI IVVL VVTFA LCWMPYHLVK TLYMLGSLLH WPCDFDLFLM NIFPYCTCIS YVNSCLNPFL YAFFDPRFRQ ACTSMLCCGQ SR

UniProtKB: Soluble cytochrome b562, Apelin receptor

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Macromolecule #5: scfv16

MacromoleculeName: scfv16 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 27.784896 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString: DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS ...String:
DVQLVESGGG LVQPGGSRKL SCSASGFAFS SFGMHWVRQA PEKGLEWVAY ISSGSGTIYY ADTVKGRFTI SRDDPKNTLF LQMTSLRSE DTAMYYCVRS IYYYGSSPFD FWGQGTTLTV SSGGGGSGGG GSGGGGSDIV MTQATSSVPV TPGESVSISC R SSKSLLHS NGNTYLYWFL QRPGQSPQLL IYRMSNLASG VPDRFSGSGS GTAFTLTISR LEAEDVGVYY CMQHLEYPLT FG AGTKLEL KAAAHHHHHH HH

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Macromolecule #6: agonistic antibody

MacromoleculeName: agonistic antibody / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 6 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 13.929495 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper)
SequenceString:
QVQLVESGGG SVQSGGSLTL SCAASGSTYS SHCMGWFRQA PGKEREGVAL MTRSRGTSYA DSVKGRFTIS QDNTKNILYL QMNSLKPED TAMYYCAAVP RAGIEYSGAY CKWNMKDSGS WGQGTQVTVS S

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.2 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.7000000000000001 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING ONLY
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.12 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 65206
Initial angle assignmentType: COMMON LINE
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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